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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Common causes of pharmacologically-blocked mydriatic eye (fails to respond to topical pilocarpine):
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- aerosolized albuterol / ipratropium
- scopolamine patch - phenylephrine drops |
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perlimbic flush - DDx?
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glaucoma
iritis |
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Patient has L eye pain. Shining light into R eye WORSENS the pain. - DDx?
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- iritis (b/c consensual movement of inflamed iris)
- ciliary spasm |
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red sclera + preauricular LAD - Dx?
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adenovirus conjunctivitis
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red sclera + lesion and pain on tip of nose - Dx?
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"Hutchinson's sign"
herpes zoster ophthalmicus (nasociliary branch of V1) |
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hypopyon
= ? causes? |
= pus in anterior chamber (perilimbic, dependent)
seen in endophthalmitis 2/2: - corneal ulcer - hematogenous spread - bacterial conjunctivits with penetrating organism (GONOCOCCUS, Listeria, Corynebacterium, H. aegyptius) |
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periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis - most common cause?
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hematogenous spread
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orbital cellulitis = most common cause
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direct spread from ethmoid sinus
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Pregnant woman presents with fever, headache, ophthalmoplegia.
Dx? Best test? |
cavernous sinus thrombosis
MRI/MRV |
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Patient with unilateral OR bilateral eye pain, perilimbic injection, miotic pupil(s)
Dx? Best test? |
IRITIS (don't jump to conjunctivitis!)
Slit lamp exam of anterior chamber (cells, flare, keratotic precipitates on back of cornea) |
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Iritis - Tx?
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ORAL ABx (NOT topical!)
Topical cyclopegic (NOT just a mydriatic, MUST also paralyze accommodation); goal =prevent posterior synechiae +/- steroids |
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pinguecula
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conjunctival fibrovascular tissue
LIMITED to sclera |
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pterygium
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conjunctival fibrovascular tissue
OVER CORNEA |
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Rx - cycloplegics (short-acting)
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tropicamide
homatropine ** NEVER USE atropine... lasts 1-3 WEEKS! ** |
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APD (Marcus Gunn pupil) - DDx?
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- central retinal artery occlusion
- central retinal vein occlusion - optic neuritis - retrobulbar neuritis |
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Anisocoria - DDx?
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- Horner's
- CN III palsy - Argyll-Robertson pupil - Rx-induced - Adie's pupil |
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Light-near dissociation - DDx?
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- Argyll-Robertson pupil
- Adie's pupil |
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Miotic, irregular pupil. Accomodation intact. Fails to constrict to light.
Dx? Causes? |
Argyll-Robertson pupil
DIABETES!!! 3' Syphilis |
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Adie's pupil.
Causes? |
#1 = idiopathic, parasympathetic denervation in ciliary ganglion
herpes zoster opththalmicus |
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Pupil reacts to light but fails to accommodate.
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IMPOSSIBLE.
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Sudden, PAINLESS, monocular vision loss.
DDx? |
- central retinal artery occlusion
- central retinal vein occlusion - vitreous hemorrhage - retinal detachment |
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63yo M with CAD. Sudden, PAINLESS, monocular vision loss.
Dilated, non-reactive pupil. +APD. Pale retina with cherry-red spot macula (choroidal aa.) |
embolic occlusion of central retinal artery
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Sudden, PAINLESS, monocular vision loss.
Dilated, non-reactive pupil. +APD. Multiple large hemorrhages on fundus ("blood and thunder") |
central retinal vein occlusion
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68yo F with T2DM. Sudden, PAINLESS, monocular vision loss.
Dark floating spots. No red reflex. Decreased retinal details. - Dx? Test? |
vitreous hemorrhage
ocular u/s |
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Earliest sign of papilledema?
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Loss of spontaneous venous pulsations
(may be elicited with ipsilateral jugular v. compression) |