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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What charges do objects that attract each other have?
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Opposite Charges Attract
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Energy in batteries is stored in what form?
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Energy in batteries is stored as chemical energy
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What is the definition of current electricity?
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Current electricity is the steady flow of charged particles
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Identify an example used to describe the behavior of current electricity. Hint: We talked about water.
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Water flowing down a river would be used to model current electricity
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What unit do we use to measure the energy used by an electrical device?
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Energy used by an electrical device is measured in Joules
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Know how to calculate total energy consumed.
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E = P (Watts) x t (seconds)
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What unit is used to measure the electrical energy of each electron in a circuit?
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Voltage
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Know what needs to be done to make a simple circuit work
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To make a simple circuit work the circuit has to be closed
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What is the main reason you would use a circuit breaker rather than fuses in a house?
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Fuses have to be replaced, whereas a breaker just has to be switched on again.
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Identify what a load is on a circuit
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A load is what the circuit is making work (light bulb, clock)
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Know how many mV are in a volt
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There are 1000 mV in a volt
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Why would it be dangerous to use the improper amp fuse in a circuit? Ex. If I had a circuit that used a 20 Amp fuse and I replaced it with a 30 Amp fuse…what would be the problem?
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If you use a fuse that has an improper amperage on it, it either won’t work properly if its too low or the circuit would be overloaded if too much amps were to be given off and it would malfunction
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What are the components of an electrochemical cell?
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Two electrodes of different metals and an electrolyte of liquid or paste
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What kind of filament in a light bulb would produce the brightest light on a circuit with a small amount of current?
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A filament with no resistance would produce the brightest light
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A device that uses a dial to control resistance in a circuit is called what?
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A device to control resistance is called a rheostat
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How are microcircuits and household circuits similar?
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They both use switches and conductors
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Identify an example of wire that would have the most resistance in an electrical current.
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A wire that is longer and thinner would have greater resistance
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Know how to calculate voltage of an object when given amperage and resistance
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V = I x R (Amps x Resistance)
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Coil
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the wire that acts as the electromagnet
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Armature
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the rotating shaft of the motor
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Brush
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bars that connect the energy source to the moving parts of motor
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Commutator
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split ring that breaks the flow of energy and reverses flow to power source)
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Identify examples of energy output and input. Answers will either be mechanical, chemical, thermal, and electrical.
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Example: A heater has thermal output energy
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Chemical Energy
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~ Energy is stored in chemical bonds
~ Energy is released or absorbed in chemical reactions ~ Chemical energy can be transformed into other forms of energy Eg) electrical, mechanical, sound |
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Mechanical Energy
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Mechanical energy is a kind of energy created by the physical movement or rotation, revolution etc of anything
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Thermal Energy
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Thermal energy is what we call energy that comes from heat.
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Electrical Energy
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A battery transfers stored chemical energy as charged particles called electrons, typically moving through a wire. For example, electrical energy is transferred to the surroundings by the lamp as light energy and thermal (heat) energy.
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What is the advantage of a parallel circuit over a series circuit?
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A parallel circuit will still work if a load stops working…and multiple loads don’t add resistance to the circuit
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Identify the example of a water tower and pipe that would represent the biggest voltage and current
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A high water tower with a wider pipe would have the highest voltage and current
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Look at a picture of a circuit and identify if it is a series or parallel circuit.
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Series circuit has all loads in one single loop and electricity can only flow in one path
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Look at a picture of a circuit and identify what bulb(s) will light up when certain switches are closed or opened.
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?
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Look at a scenario and identify what energy conversions are happening. Example: if I put a battery in my radio to make it run…then energy conversion happening is chemical to electrical (sometimes there can be more than two conversions happening).
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Batteries and energy in our bodies start as chemical energy
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What two things interact to make an electrical motor work?
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Magnets and electromagnets interact to make a motor work
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Identify some examples of renewable and non-renewable resources.
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Oil and gas non –renewable…water, trees are renewable
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What does the efficiency rating of a machine tell you?
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Tells you how much of the energy the machine converts to useable output energy. If a machine is 60% efficient, it converts 60% of the energy into useable output energy…the other 40% is lost.
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Know how to calculate output energy when given the efficiency of the machine and the input energy to make it work.
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Output energy = input energy x efficiency / 100
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How can we improve efficiency in fridges?
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Add insulation and tighten the door seals
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What is the energy transformation in a fuel cell?
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Chemical to electrical
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What main environmental problem is created by industrial production of carbon dioxide in large amounts?
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Global Warming
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Voltage Formula
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V=IR
V = Voltage (measured in V volts) I = Current (measured in A amps) R = Resistance (measured in Ω ohms) |
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Power Formula
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P=I x V
P = Power (measured in W watts) I = Current (measured in A amps) V = Voltages (measured in V volts) |
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Energy Formula
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E=Pt
E = Energy (measured in J joules) P = Power (measured in W watts) t = time (measured in s seconds) |
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Household Energy Measurement
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Alternative measurement for your household - kilowatt hours is also used (thousands of watts kW and hours h instead of seconds for your units)
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Efficiency
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Efficiency=(Output Energy)/(Input Energy) x100% Output energy for a device (measured in joules)
Input energy for a device (measured in joules) |
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Series Circuit
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~ A series circuit has loads in one single loop
~ In series circuits: • Electrons have only one path to follow • An interruption results in no flow of current • Adding loads increases the resistance in a circuits |
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Parallel Circuit
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~ A parallel circuit has more than one pathway for electricity to flow through
~ Loads in separate loops will not interfere with each other ~ Loads in separate loops will reduce the resistance in the circuit |
