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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define effector function
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physiological and cellular processes used by immune system to eliminate pathogens in form of cytokines, chemokines and cytotoxins
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What is the difference in function (3) between resting T cells and activated/effector T cells?
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-increased migration
-highly specialized -shorter activation time |
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What is expressed on the surface of a CD4 cell that is resting?
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L selectin
LFA CD2 CD4 TCR CD44 CD45RA CD45RO |
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What is expressed on the surface of a CD4 cell that is activated?
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VLA
LFA1 CD2 CD4 TCR CD44 CD45RO |
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What is especially increased once a CD4 cell is activated?
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LFA-1
CD2 CD44 |
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What is the difference between integrin and adhesion molecule for all T cells vs effector T cells?
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1) all T cells are have alpha L, Beta 2 integrins, LFA-1
Adhesion molecule ICAM-1 2)activated effector T cells have alpha 4 and B1 as well as VLA-4 and VCAM 1for the activated edothelium |
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What are the cells that are derived from CD4 T cells?
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1) TH1 -activate macrophages
2) TH2 - activate B cells 3) TH17 - activate fibroblasts to recruit neutrophils 4) Treg- inhibit immature dendritic cell and inhibit CD4 self reactive cell |
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What pathogens are inhibited by Th different types of CD4 TH cells?
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CD4 TH1 - microbes that persist in macropahge vesicles and extracellular bacteria
CD 4TH2 - helminth parasites CDTH17- extracellular bacteria |
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What pathogens are CD8+ cytotoxic T cells specialized for?
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viruses
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How do CD4+ and CD8+ cells work together?
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1) dendritic cells express B7 and activate naive CD 8
2) activated CD 8 T cell makes IL2 and differentiates/proliferates 3) APC stimulates effector CD4 which activates APC 4) activated APC expresses CD40, 4-IBBL which co stimulates naive CD 8 T cell 6) APC activates CD 4 to make IL2 and CD 8 to make IL2R 7) IL2 secreted by activated CD4 T cell is bound by CD8 T cell and activates it some more |
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What are the unique proteins expressed by CD 8 + cells?
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-cytotoxic effector molecules - perforin, granzymes, granulysin, FAS ligand
-IFN-gamma, LT alpha, TNF alpha |
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What is the lytic granules?
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specialized intracellular compartment with cytotoxins such as perforin, granulysin, granzymes
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What does perforin do? (2)
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-aid in delivering contents of granules into cytoplasm of target cell
-forms polymers in cell membrane |
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What do granzymes do?
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activate apoptosis once in cytoplasm of target cell
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What does granulysin do?
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antibacterial actions that induce apoptosis
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What does granzyme B do?
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-activate capsases
-Capsases activate DNAases -DNAase degrade DNA -apoptosis |
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How does FAS do receptor mediated cytotoxicity?
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1) Fas L binds
2) that trimerizes Fas 3) Fas timerized means DD can cluster 4) Fas recruits FADD to its death domain 5) clustered death effector domain DED of DADD recruits procaspase 8 via similar DED in procaspase 8 |
