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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Continental Drift
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s the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other.
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Alfred Wegener
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hypothesized that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth. However, his hypothesis was not accepted until the 1950s, when numerous discoveries such as palaeomagnetism confirmed his hypothesis of continental drift.[1][2]
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Fit of Continents
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proved that the continents once were together
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Locations of past Glaciations
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used to prove that continents were once together
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Sea-Floor Bathymetry
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Bathymetry is the study of underwater depth of lake or ocean floors.
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Guyots
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also known as a tablemount, is an isolated underwater volcanic mountain (seamount), with a flat top over 200 meters (660 feet) below the surface of the sea.
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Seamounts
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is a mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island.
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Isostacy
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is a term used in geology to refer to the state of gravitational equilibrium between the earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere such that the tectonic plates "float" at an elevation which depends on their thickness and density. This concept is invoked to explain how different topographic heights can exist at the Earth's surface.
**restores equilibrium |
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Paleomagnetism
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The branch of geophysics concerned with the magnetism in rocks that was induced by the earth's magnetic field at the time of their formation
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Apparent Polar Wander
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is the imaginary movement of the Earth's magnetic poles relative to a continent while regarding the continent being studied as fixed in position, as determined by paleomagnetic data.[1] It is used in the study of plate tectonics to interpret how continents move, join and split as they drift across the Earth's surface.[1]
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Active Margin
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are found on the leading edge of a continent where subduction occurs.
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Passive Margin
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A passive margin is the transition between oceanic and continental crust which is not an active plate margin.
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Hot Spot
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volcanic regions thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the mantle elsewhere. They may be on, near to, or far from tectonic plate boundaries.
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Thermal Plume
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hot spot. Mantle plume.
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Ridge Push
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sliding plate force is a proposed mechanism for plate motion in plate tectonics. Because mid-ocean ridges lie at a higher elevation than the rest of the ocean floor, gravity causes the ridge to push on the lithosphere that lies farther from the ridge.
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Slab Pull
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tectonic plate force due to subduction. Plate motion is partly driven by the weight of cold, dense plates sinking into the mantle at trenches.[1][2] This force and the slab suction force account for most of the overall force acting on plate tectonics, and the ridge push force accounts for 5 to 10% of the overall force.[3]
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