Eeb 181 Nematodes 1: T&t

Front 1

Family of Trichinella spiralis
common name?

Back 1

Trichinellidae
pork worms

Front 2

Common hosts of Trichinella spiralis

Back 2

URBAN/SYLVANIC
Humans;
human can be both intermediate and final host....live in the small intestine and four molting stages, juvenile finds a cell and lives there and causes hypertrophied nurse cell

Domestic/urban pigs rats
and sylvatic: (temperate) foxes, (torrid) hyenas/scavengers, (frigid) polar bears (T. nativa is freezing resistant)

Front 3

Disease caused by Trichinella spiralis
name and key features

Back 3

Trichinosis
Rx by tissue biopsy, no treatment

Front 4

Morphology Trichinella spiralis
key features (female pictured)

Back 4

Threadlike worm; stichosome esophagus (same as Trichuris trichura)
Single ovary or testis
No spicule but can have a spicule sheath that can act as a spicule
females significantly larger
males: copulatory papilla on each side of terminal anus/cloaca

Front 5

Trichinella spiralis: Briefly described life cycle

Back 5

Swine eats infected garbage, eggs get in the gut, once freed, the juvenile goes through the small intestine, reach sexual maturity in 2-3 days, females fertilize eggs inside them and exit the female as juveniles, they travel through cardiac and pulmonary tracts and eventually exit the capillaries and enter the skeletal muscles, increase in size and coil and form a cyst and cause degeneration of muscles
(male pictured)

Front 6

Trichinella spiralis fun facts:
size of interest?

Back 6

Smallest nematodes that infect humans but,
world's largest intracellular parasites.

Front 7

Family of Trichuris trichura

common name of this worm family?

Back 7

Trichuridae

the whipworms. they look like a whip. derp.

Front 8

Common hosts of Trichuris trichura

Back 8

Human; gut mucosa and lives in the lumen (empty middle part) of the gut

Front 9

Disease caused by Trichuris trichura
Climate of prevalence?
how is it contracted?

Back 9

Trichuriasis
warm, wet, shady. SE of US.
Geophagy, nightsoil infecting plants. eggs can live years in soil.
2ndary problem: holes in gut cause other infections
rectal prolapse, anemia
Used as treatment for Krohn's disease.

Front 10

Trichuris trichura: general morphology
distinctive features (2)
males vs fem?

Back 10

no lips but tiny spear
bacillary band on ventral side of esophageal region
males & females similar size, fem slightly larger
anterior end thin, thread-like, embeds in gut to feed
stichosome esophagus (just like Trichinella spiralis)

Front 11

Trichuris trichura: male morphology

Back 11

Testis begin near the posterior end, extends to esophagointestinal juncture where its coils back to become the ejaculatory duct.
Single spicule that has a bulb

Front 12

Trichuris trichura: female morphology

Back 12

Ovary begins in the middle of the body and extending posterior of the body, bends forwards and quickly expands to form a narrow oviduct that opens tot he uterus, narrows to a vagina located near the posterior end of the stichosome

Front 13

Trichuris trichura life cycle

Back 13

Direct life cycle: eggs hatch in the alimentary canals of the host and juvenile reach the cecum & mature in a month
Some eggs defecated; eggs survive in soil for several years. females produce LOADS of eggs. 3-20k/day