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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the traits of Order Carnivora? |
Expanded braincase 3/3 incisors (except sea otter, 3/2) Canines large and conical Carnassials Tight joint of dentary/squamosal articulation |
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What are Carnassials? |
4th upper premolar and 1st lower molar adapted for shearing |
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What are the suborders of Carnivora and what families does each suborder include?
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Caniformia: canids, ursids, procyonids, mustelids, mephitids, ailurids, odobenids, otariids, phocids Feliformia: felids, hyaenids, viverrids, herpestids, Malagasy Eupleridae |
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What clades comprise the living Caniformia?
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Canidae, Ursidae, Pinnipedia, Musteloidea |
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What are Malagasy carnivores? |
Malagasy carnivores are carnivores that inhabit Madagascar; they descend from a single invasion from Africa roughly 20 mya. |
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What are the pinnipeds? |
A monophyletic group derived from bear-like ancestors which comprises seals, sea lions, and walruses |
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What is included under Musteloidea? |
Red panda, skunks, procyonids, and mustelids |
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What is a common trait among Feliformia and what family is a notable exception to this? |
Auditory bullae have 2 chambers divided by a bony septum. Notable exception is Nandiniidae (very ancient monophyletic group) |
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Family Nandiniidae
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Monotypic Basal; genetically distinct from other feliforms Primitive auditory bullae, no septum Sub-Saharan Africa south to Zimbabwe 2-5 kg short, woolly fur Omnivorous: fruits and plants |
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Family Felidae |
Worldwide except Antarctica, Australia, NZ, Madagascar, some oceanic islands Reduced # of teeth Carnassials well developed: secodont Digitigrade foot posture Many species nocturnal: Tapetum lucidum: reflective layer behind retina provides extra light for night vision |
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Family Viverridae |
Civets and genets Old world tropical and temperate regions Well developed anal glands large premolars tail long and bushy Mostly carnivorous and nocturnal |
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Family Herpestidae |
Old world group small, long bodied carnivores anal scent glands well developed some species have highly structured social behavior |
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Family Eupleridae |
Endemic to Madagascar Mostly nocturnal and terrestrial Largest (C. ferox) agile climber Rare Malagasy falanouc has reduced dentition |
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Family Hyenidae |
Africa, Turkey, Middle East, parts of India Viverrid ancestors large-bodied, forelimbs longer than hindlimbs carnassials well developed feet with 4 toes and blunt, non-retractable claws Scavengers and predators |
