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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absorption |
Passage of molecules and ions through the gut wall into the capillaries or lacteals |
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Active site |
The specific three dimensional site on an enzyme molecule with which the substrate binds by weak chemical bonds |
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Active transport |
The movement of molecules or ions across a membrane against the concentration gradient using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP |
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ATP |
Adenine triphosphate- a nucleotide in all living cells ; its hydrolysis makes energy available and formed when chemical reactions release energy |
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Adhesion |
Attraction between water molecules and hydrophilic molecules in the wall of the xylem. |
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Analogous structures |
Structures having the same function but a different origin and development e.g no recent command ancestor in species |
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Anticordon |
Group of three bases on a tRNA molecule correlated with the specific amino acid carried by that tRNA |
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Apoplast pathway |
Pathway of water running through non-living spaces between cells and in cell walls outside the cell membrane |
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Atrio-ventricular node AVN |
The only conducting area of tissue in the wall of the heart between the atria and the ventricles through which a wave of electrical excitation is passed from the atria to the conducting tissue in the walls of the ventricles. |
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Autotroph |
An organism that makes complex organic molecules out of raw inorganic molecules (CO2,H2O) via photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Examples of this are plants, some bacteria and some protoctista |
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Biodiversity |
A measure of the number of different species and the number of organisms per species in a specific area |
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Biosensor |
An association of a biomolecule such as an enzyme with a transducer which provides an electrical signal in response to a chemical signal Used to measure the concentrations of sugars Or a specific protein |
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BOHR effect |
The reduction of affinity with oxygen at higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide which moves the oxygen dissociation curve to the right |
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Carnisials |
The last upper pre-molar and first lower molar teeth of a carnivore which have shearing action when the jaw closes |
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Centromere |
Specialised region of a chromosome where two chromatids join and to which the microtubules of the spindle attach prior to cell division |
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Chromatid |
One of the two identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere prior to cell division |
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Chromosome |
A long thin strand of DNA found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell |
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Codon |
Group of three bases on mRNA which code for the specific amino acid or punctuation signal |
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Competitive inhibitor |
A molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme as it's shape resembles that of the substrate preventing the substrate from binding and consequently slowing the rate of reaction |
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Convergent evolution |
The development of similar features in unrelated organisms over time related to natural selection of similar features in a comman environment |
