Ed's Test Chapter 4, 5 Monday Rad Bio Part 2

Front 1

Ribosomes
 Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Mitochondria
 Golgi Apparatus
 Lysosomes

Back 1

Ribosomes ---synthesize proteins
endo plasmic reticulum---acts as a transport system for protein
mitochondria

Front 2

Somatic Cells


Back 2

Cells divide by mitosis, daughter
cell has same number of
chromosomes as parent cell
 Mitosis has 5 phases

Front 3

The period between cell division is
known as interphase & has 3 sub
phases, G1, S, & G
 G1, phase where cell spends most
of its life, growth
 S phase, DNA is replicated
 G2, chromatids, DNA tightly coiled
and visible with microscope.

Back 3

Interphase

Front 4

 Paired chromatids arrange
themselves in an equatorial plane
midway the two daughter
centrioles

Back 4

Metaphase


Front 5

 Daughter chromatids now become
chromosomes

Back 5

Anaphase


Front 6

Daughter chromosomes under go
reverse of prophase
 The daughter cell separates into
two complete cells

Back 6

Telophase


Front 7

Reproduce by _________, these are
the reproductive cells
 Two successive divisions of
mother cell, producing 4 daughter
or granddaughter cells
 First division produces 2 cells with
normal diploid somatic number, 2nd
division produces 2 cells, haploid
number

Back 7

Germ Cells
 Reproduce by meiosis, these are
the reproductive cells
 Two successive divisions of
mother cell, producing 4 daughter
or granddaughter cells
 First division produces 2 cells with
normal diploid somatic number, 2nd
division produces 2 cells, haploid
number

Front 8

Abnormal division, rapidly
 Contain increased amount of
chromatin
 Increased ratio of nuclear material
to cytoplasm
 Vary greatly in size and shape
 Metastasis

Back 8

Malignant cells


Front 9

Radiosensitivity is a function of the
metabolic state of the cell being
irradiated.
 High metabolic rate, sensitive
 Mature cells, radioresistant
 Young cells, sensitive
 Increase mitotic, sensitive
 Stem cells, radiosensitive

Back 9

Law of Bergonie and
Tribondeau, 1906


Front 10

_____________ radiation strikes a
critical target, nucleus, DNA,
resulting in physical or chemical
changes.

______________ radiation interacts
with the water in cell forming free
radicals

Back 10

Two Biological Effects
 Direct effect, radiation strikes a
critical target, nucleus, DNA,
resulting in physical or chemical
changes.
 Indirect effects, radiation interacts
with the water in cell forming free
radicals