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126 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mrs. Tell, a thirdgrade teacher, is using a taxonomy that is comprised of cognitive skills that include remembering, comprehending, synthesizing, and evaluating. Who created the taxonomy that Mrs. Tell is using? A. E. L. Thorndike B. William James C. John Dewey D. Benjamin Bloom |
D. Benjamin Bloom |
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According to a recent survey, which of the following traits is characteristic of the best teachers? A. Having a sense of humor B. Treating students like children C. Showing favoritism toward some students D. Assigning excessive amounts of homework |
A. Having a sense of humor |
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Which of the following does not characterize the direct instruction approach? A. High teacher expectations for student progress B. Peer collaboration C. Teacher direction and control D. Maximization of student time on academic tasks |
B. Peer collaboration |
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Which of the following best describes the educational philosophy of constructivism? A. Individuals actively build knowledge and understanding. B. Individuals retain new information most effectively through repetition. C. Individuals learn best when they work independently rather than in large groups. D. Individuals have a tendency to adopt the biases of their teachers. |
A. Individuals actively build knowledge and understanding. |
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Which of the following best describes a limitation of interviews and questionnaires? A. Findings do not generalize. B. There is no control group. C. Individuals give socially desirable answers. D. Conclusions do not refer to the individual. |
C. Individuals give socially desirable answers. |
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Educational researchers make naturalistic observations of children in all of the following settings except which one? A. Museums B. Playgrounds C. Classrooms D. Laboratories |
D. Laboratories |
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Which of the following statements best describes a control group? A. A control group is a comparison group treated in every way like the other group, except for the manipulated factor. B. A control group is a comparison group that does not participate in the experiment, but fills out a questionnaire instead. C. A control group is a group of individuals randomly assigned to a variety of treatments. D. A control group is a group of individuals who design the procedures of an experiment. |
A. A control group is a comparison group treated in every way like the other group, except for the manipulated factor. |
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What is the dependent variable in an experiment? A. The factor measured in an experiment B. The group whose experience is manipulated C. The manipulated, influential, experimental factor D. The comparison group |
A. The factor measured in an experiment |
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What is the independent variable in an experiment? A. The factor measured in an experiment B. The group whose experience is manipulated C. The manipulated, influential, experimental factor D. The comparison group |
C. The manipulated, influential, experimental factor |
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Which of the following best describes an ethnographic study? A. A study that has random assignment B. A study with many different control groups C. A study that reveals correlation rather than causation D. A study that consists of in-depth description and interpretation of behavior in an ethnic or cultural group |
D. A study that consists of in-depth description and interpretation of behavior in an ethnic or cultural group |
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Which of the following is an example of a cognitive process that might be studied by an educational psychologist? A. The changes in children’s motor skills B. The influence of parental nurturing on children’s tendency to be aggressive C. The development of children’s brains D. The changes in children’s ability to solve math problems |
D. The changes in children’s ability to solve math problems |
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The number and size of the brain’s nerve endings continue to grow at least until an individual reaches what age? A. Adolescence B. Birth C. The first birthday D. First grade |
A. Adolescence |
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Researchers say that the very last part of the brain to develop is responsible for which functions? A. Cognitive development and analytical thought B. Trust, building relationships, love and emotions C. Fine motor skills D. Planning, setting priorities, suppressing impulses, and weighing the consequences of actions |
D. Planning, setting priorities, suppressing impulses, and weighing the consequences of actions |
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According to Piaget, this occurs when a child incorporates new knowledge into existing knowledge. A. Thinking logically and abstractly B. Accommodation C. Learning to solve math problems D. Assimilation |
D. Assimilation |
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According to Vygotsky, what is the zone of proximal development? A. Range of tasks too difficult for children to master either alone or with assistance B. Range of tasks that children have mastered, but cannot teach to others C. Range of tasks too difficult for children to master alone, but which can be learned with assistance D. Range of tasks that children have mastered, and that they can teach to others |
C. Range of tasks too difficult for children to master alone, but which can be learned with assistance |
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Kiley is having trouble learning the steps involved in using a microscope correctly. If we consider Vygotsky’s description of how children help themselves through difficult tasks, we should suggest that Kiley A. go through the procedure in slow motion a few times. B. talk herself through the steps. C. practice each step separately many times over. D. learn the reasons why each step is important. |
B. talk herself through the steps |
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Which of the following observations would provide the strongest support that the process of language is biologically based? A. Children tend to understand nouns and verbs before they are able to understand adjectives and adverbs. B. Children benefit when their parents and teachers actively engage them in conversation and ask many questions. C. Children can be trained to speak words even before they are able to understand the meaning of those words. D. Children from all over the world acquire language milestones at about the same age and in the same approximate order. |
D. Children from all over the world acquire language milestones at about the same age and in the same approximate order. |
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Sarah says to her teacher, “Mrs. White, today recess to go want don’t I!” Mrs. White smiles and says, “It’s okay if you don’t want to go to recess today.” According to language development, what is Sarah having a problem with: A. pragmatics. B. semantics. C. phonemes. D. syntax. |
D. syntax. |
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During the period of development known as “middle and late childhood,” a child typically does which of the following? A. Begins to think more abstractly and logically B. Learns to identify letters of the alphabet C. Pursues independence D. Masters the fundamental skills of writing |
D. Masters the fundamental skills of writing |
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Which of the following best describes an example of scaffolding as used by a teacher when assisting a child? A. The teacher divides students into groups of similar abilities so students can compete fairly. B. The teacher asks the student to teach other students as a method of helping the student learn. C. The teacher observes the student without assisting until the student asks for assistance. D. The teacher begins with direct instruction but gradually reduces the amount of guidance given. |
D. The teacher begins with direct instruction but gradually reduces the amount of guidance given. |
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True or False? Erikson’s lifespan development theory was a critical force in forging our current view of human development as lifelong rather than being restricted to childhood. |
TRUE |
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True or False? According to Erikson’s lifespan development theory, developmental stages occur in a standard sequence at particular times in a person’s life. |
TRUE |
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Which of the following is the first stage of development, as proposed by Erikson? A. Trust versus mistrust B. Identity versus identity confusion C. Integrity versus despair D. Autonomy versus shame and doubt |
A. Trust versus mistrust |
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According to the author of the text, children are most likely to behave in socially competent ways if they are raised with which of the following types of parenting? A. Authoritarian B. Indulgent C. Neglectful D. Authoritative |
D. Authoritative |
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Which of the following statements best describes characteristics of children raised by neglectful parents? A. They are extremely competitive and highly motivated. B. They have poor communication skills but follow directions well. C. They get along well with others and have high selfesteem. D. They have poor selfcontrol and do not handle independence well. |
D. They have poor selfcontrol and do not handle independence well. |
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Which of the following parent behaviors is positively linked to student achievement and selfresponsibility? A. Maintaining a structured and organized family environment B. Setting high expectations for achievement in school C. Involvement in activities such as school meetings, teacher conferences, or volunteering D. All of the above |
D. All of the above |
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Persistent low selfesteem is linked with all of the following except: A. Delinquency B. Eating disorders C. High achievement D. Depression |
C. High achievement |
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Which of the following examples demonstrates the emotional domain of moral development? A. Maria cannot understand why her classmate behaves a certain way. B. Maria is angry with her classmate. C. Maria hit her classmate. D. Maria told lies about her classmate. |
B. Maria is angry with her classmate. |
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Which statements reflect Kohlberg’s conventional morality? A. “Rules are made to be broken.” B. “Buckle up. It’s the law.” C. “Do your own thing.” D. “Scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours.” |
B. “Buckle up. It’s the law.” |
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Which of the following questions addresses the cognitive domain of moral development? A. How does a student feel about an issue? B. Why does the student agree or disagree with a certain rule? C. Does the student empathize with someone in a particular situation? D. How does the student behave when interacting with others? |
B. Why does the student agree or disagree with a certain rule? |
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In a normal distribution of StanfordBinet IQ scores, approximately twothirds of the IQ scores fall within which of the following ranges? A. Between an IQ of 75 and 85 B. Between an IQ of 85 and 95 C. Between an IQ of 75 and 100 D. Between an IQ of 84 and 116 |
D. Between an IQ of 84 and 116 |
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Which of the following is a primary advantage of assessing student intelligence on an individual basis rather than using group intelligence tests? A. The test can be administered to a large number of students in a very short period of time. B. Individual student scores can be compared to standardized scores. C. The examiner can establish a rapport with the student and determine the student’s level of anxiety. D. Testing conditions can be standardized so that all students experience the same conditions. |
C. The examiner can establish a rapport with the student and determine the student’s level of anxiety. |
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“Tracking” is best described as which of the following? A. A form of career planning based primarily on students’ intelligence scores B. A form of career planning based primarily on the students’ skills and interests C. A way of organizing students based on common interests, thus increasing student motivation D. A way of organizing students into ability levels, thus making it easier to teach them |
D. A way of organizing students into ability levels, thus making it easier to teach them |
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A student with the reflective style of learning would most likely display which of the following behaviors? A. Making frequent mistakes when answering questions on an exam B. Taking longer than most students to answer a question during class C. Starting arguments with students who have different points of view D. Preferring to work in small groups rather than independently |
B. Taking longer than most students to answer a question during class |
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A child who is an introvert would most likely do which of the following? A. Be sociable and affectionate B. Gather extensive amounts of information before taking action C. Enjoy spending time alone D. Criticize other people without attempting to understand their points of view |
C. Enjoy spending time alone |
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An easy child is one who A. is generally in a positive mood B. quickly establishes regular routines. C. easily adapts to new experiences. D. All of these |
D. All of these |
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Stella exhibits anxiousness, insecurity, and often feels sorry for herself. Which of the “big five” factors of personality best explains Stella? A. Neuroticism B. Agreeableness C. Openness D. Extraversion |
A. Neuroticism |
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True or False? Of students with disabilities, the most common disability is serious emotional disturbance. |
FALSE |
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True or False? The term “handicapping conditions” is used to describe impediments imposed by society to the learning and functioning of individuals with a disability. |
TRUE |
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True or False? Compared to children without a learning disability, children with a learning disability are more likely to show poor academic performance and are more likely to drop out of school. |
True |
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True or False? Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is five times more common in girls than in boys. |
FALSE |
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True or False? Boys are equally likely as girls to be diagnosed with an autistic disorder. |
FALSE |
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Legislatures, federal courts, and the United States Congress laid down special educational rights for children with disabilities during which of the following periods of time? A. Early 1920s B. Late 1930s to mid1940s C. Early 1950s D. Mid1960s to mid1970s |
D. Mid1960s to mid1970s |
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A(n) __________ is a written statement that spells out a program specifically tailored for the student with a disability. A. public Law 94142 B. individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) C. individualized education plan (IEP) D. None of these |
C. individualized education plan (IEP) |
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True or False? Learning involves a relatively permanent influence on behavior, which comes about through experience. |
True |
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Which of the following scenarios best depicts systematic desensitization? A. Ivy, who usually never forgets to turn off her headlights, forgot to turn them off because the buzzer in her car is broken. B. Susan has learned to relax when she gets on an airplane because she practices relaxation techniques regularly before each flight. C. George stops raising his hand because the teacher usually criticizes the way he presents his answer, even when his answer is correct. D. Henry ignores his alarm clock each morning, despite complaints from his mother, and usually ends up missing the bus. |
B. Susan has learned to relax when she gets on an airplane because she practices relaxation techniques regularly before each flight. |
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Which of the following researchers is considered the primary architect of operant conditioning? A. B. F. Skinner B. David Premack C. E. L. Thorndike D. Ivan Pavlov |
A. B. F. Skinner |
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Timeout is best described as an example of which of the following? A. Negative reinforcement B. Punishment C. Positive reinforcement D. Removal of desired stimuli |
D. Removal of desired stimuli |
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Which of the following statements best describes a prompt? A. It is a strategy of setting increasingly more difficult goals for the student, all directed toward attaining a target behavior. B. It is a form of positive reinforcement, presented after the desired response is observed. C. It is a form of punishment, intended to decrease an undesired response. D. It is a cue, given just before a desired response, to increase the likelihood of the desired response. |
D. It is a cue, given just before a desired response, to increase the likelihood of the desired response. |
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Mr. Rojas says, “What great behavior Daniel is showing; he is standing quietly in line the way he is supposed to be.” Soon, all of the third graders in Mr. Rojas’s class are standing in line quietly like Daniel. In this example, what has happened to the class? A. The class received direct reinforcement. B. The class received intermittent reinforcement. C. They are imitating Daniel because his behavior was reinforced. D. The class received negative reinforcement. |
C. They are imitating Daniel because his behavior was reinforced. |
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True or False? One message conveyed by selfregulatory learning is that learning is a personal experience that requires active and dedicated participation on the part of the student. |
True |
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True or False? Dejohn is a highachieving student who is also a selfregulatory learner. Dejohn most likely sets specific learning goals and uses more learning strategies as compared to his lowachieving peers. |
True |
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True or False? Selfregulatory learning consists of imposing external factors to control the student’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. |
FALSE |
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True or False? The cognitive informationprocessing approach emphasizes that children manipulate information, monitor it, and strategize about it. |
TRUE |
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True or False? A 5yearold child and a 15yearold adolescent can process information at the same speed and in the same capacity. |
FALSE |
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True or False? Attention is the focusing of mental resources. |
TRUE |
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Which of the following is NOT a teaching strategy for helping students pay attention? A. Encourage students to pay close attention and minimize distractions. B. Do not use instructional comments. C. Help students generate their own cues. D. Use cues or gestures to signal something is important. |
B. Do not use instructional comments. |
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Metacognitive strategies are best described as methods to encourage students to do which of the following? A. Become better listeners B. Know about knowing C. Feel more comfortable working with others D. Read more effectively |
B. Know about knowing |
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William is trying to remember his new ninedigit Social Security number, and he does so by thinking of it as three groups of three digits each. William is demonstrating which of the following? A. The use of chunking B. Storage in sensory register C. The use of maintenance rehearsal D. Retrieval from working memory |
A. The use of chunking |
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Which of the following statements is true concerning expert knowledge? A. Students at all stages of expertise intuitively know how to change and combine strategies to solve problems. B. Students typically enter the classroom equipped with the strategies they need to move beyond the acclimation stage. C. Teachers cannot help students learn effective strategies for acquiring knowledge; it is an innate ability that students may or may not have. D. Teachers need to guide students in determining what content is central and what is peripheral, what is accurate and well supported, and what is inaccurate. |
D. Teachers need to guide students in determining what content is central and what is peripheral, what is accurate and well supported, and what is inaccurate. |
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Which of the following is a good notetaking strategy? A. Summarizing B. Asking questions C. Concept maps D. Outlining E. All of these |
E. All of these |
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Which of the following best characterizes the duration of the sensory memory? A. Information remains thirty seconds regardless of its nature B. Auditory memory for as long as a month C. Brief instant D. Meaningful information may remain for hours |
A. Information remains thirty seconds regardless of its nature |
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True or False? One strategy for helping students form concepts is to encourage them to develop hierarchical arrangements of a concept’s characteristics. |
TRUE |
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True or False? In promoting concept formation it is more effective to present the entire concept map to students than to risk students making errors by completing one on their own. |
FALSE |
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Hypothesis testing is best described as which of the following? A. Category that groups objects, events, and characteristics on the basis of common properties B. Specific assumption or prediction that can be tested to determine its accuracy C. The process of individuals deciding if an item is a member of a category by comparing it to established category elements D. Visual representations of a concept’s connections and hierarchical organization s |
B. Specific assumption or prediction that can be tested to determine its accuracy |
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Mrs. Diaz has introduced the problem of school vandalism in a faculty meeting. She understands there are multiple ways to address this problem and asks faculty to consider different possibilities in order to have a discussion at the next meeting. What thinking task has Mrs. Diaz set before the faculty? A. Convergent thinking B. Divergent thinking C. Inductive reasoning D. Deductive reasoning |
B. Divergent thinking |
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Which of the following statements about creativity is true? A. Although most creative students are highly intelligent, in other respects, many highly intelligent students are not very creative. B. Convergent questions help stimulate creative thinking in students. C. Creative students are generally creative across all subject areas and domains. D. The design of schools and classrooms does not impact the creativity of students. |
C. Creative students are generally creative across all subject areas and domains. |
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True or False? Transfer occurs when a person’s previous experiences and knowledge affect learning or problem solving in a new situation. |
True |
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True or False? According to Vygotsky’s theory, the culture in which a student lives has minimal influence on the knowledge, skills, and beliefs of students |
FALSE |
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True or False? Situated cognition refers to the idea that a student’s thinking is embedded in social and physical contexts. |
True |
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True or False? Good tutoring involves scaffolding by providing students only the assistance they need given their level of performance at the time. |
True |
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Social constructivism emphasizes which of the following? A. Active knowledge construction within an individual’s mind B. Social contexts of learning C. Individual’s information processing D. The construction of knowledge by transforming, organizing, and reorganizing previous knowledge |
B. Social contexts of learning |
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When a teacher changes the level of support provided to a student according to the student’s performance level, the teacher is engaging the student in which of the following strategies? A. Cooperative learning B. Apprenticeship C. Tutoring D. Scaffolding |
D. Scaffolding |
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Cooperative learning groups vary in size, but typically consist of how many students? A. 4 B. 8 C. 12 D. The entire class |
A. 4 |
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Which of the following is the best example of scaffolding? A. Mr. Osaka takes students to the museum. B. Mr. Thompson ensures a full understanding on the part of his students before advancing to the next subject. C. Ms. Chow first models how to make a capital letter in cursive at the board, then she provides a worksheet that groups can work on that offers tracing opportunities before she asks them to write each letter on their own. D. Mrs. Donaldson ensures curriculum materials are developmentally appropriate before suggesting them to colleagues who teach children at different ages from her students. |
C. Ms. Chow first models how to make a capital letter in cursive at the board, then she provides a worksheet that groups can work on that offers tracing opportunities before she asks them to write each letter on their own. |
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Heterogeneous grouping refers to which of the following? A. Grouping students on the basis of ability B. Grouping students by ethnic background C. Grouping students with diversity in ability, gender, and ethnic background. D. Grouping students by gender |
C. Grouping students with diversity in ability, gender, and ethnic background. |
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True or False? Pedagogical content knowledge refers to comprehensive knowledge about content of a particular discipline. |
FALSE |
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True or False? As long as a teacher possesses expert knowledge in a particular subject area, she will be an effective teacher in transferring content information. |
FALSE |
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In the developmental model of reading, which stage refers to the point where individuals are fully competent readers and have developed the ability to understand written material from multiple perspectives? A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3 D. Stage 4 |
D. Stage 4 |
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Reading instruction that emphasizes paralleling children’s natural learning of language and the use of meaningful reading material refers to which approach to reading? A. Cognitive approach B. Social constructivist approach C. Wholelanguage approach D. Phonics approach |
C. Wholelanguage approach |
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Which of the following is not an effective strategy to incorporating writing into the curriculum? A. Foster student engagement through authentic writing tasks. B. Nurture positive attitudes toward learning. C. Avoid formal writing assignments. D. Provide a supportive context for writing. |
C. Avoid formal writing assignments. |
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The current controversy in math involves whether math should be taught using a cognitive approach or a computational approach. The cognitive approach emphasizes _____, whereas the computational approach emphasizes _____. A. memorization and practice; technology usage B. technology usage; memorization and practice C. speed and automaticity; developing concepts D. developing concepts; speed and automaticity |
D. developing concepts; speed and automaticity |
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Which of the following is not one of the constructivist principles for teaching mathematics? A. Focus on innovative math projects. B. Consider students’ prior knowledge. C. Make math realistic and interesting. D. Focus on individualized math projects to allow for student choice. |
D. Focus on individualized math projects to allow for student choice. |
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Scientists and educators argue that schools need to guide students in learning how to use science skills, which include all of the following EXCEPT which one? A. Collecting, organizing, and analyzing data B. Using misconceptions as a centerpiece for scientific inquiry and fact C. Making careful observations D. Knowing how to apply their knowledge to solve problems |
B. Using misconceptions as a centerpiece for scientific inquiry and fact |
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Mrs. Schwartz teaches science. This year, her students created models of the solar system, wired a doll house, and built racing cars. Which of the following terms best describes this teacher’s approach to teaching science? A. Direct instruction B. Interactive demonstration strategy C. Constructivist instruction D. Seatworkbased instruction |
C. Constructivist instruction |
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True or False? State learning standards conveniently include what the teacher should do in the classroom to reach the standards. |
FALSE |
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Which of the following is a category of the affective domain in Bloom’s taxonomy? A. Organizing B. Applying C. Synthesis D. Perception |
A. Organizing |
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True or False? Direct instruction is a structured, studentcentered approach that is characterized by low teacher expectations for student progress, minimizing the time students spend on academic tasks. |
FALSE |
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True or False? When using the “direct instruction” approach, teachers are encouraged to criticize students who are unable or unwilling to keep an academic focus. |
False |
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True or False? Seatwork refers to the practice of having students work together in small groups at their seats. |
False |
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True or False? For most students, discovery learning is LEAST effective when guided. |
False |
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True or False? The fourteen LearnerCentered Principles (American Psychological Association Board of Educational Affairs) can be classified into the following four main categories: cognitive and metacognitive, motivational and emotional, socioeconomic and environmental, and teaching and learning styles. |
False |
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True or False? The behavioral perspective on motivation emphasizes internal rewards as keys in determining a student’s motivation. |
FALSE |
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True or False? The humanistic perspective emphasizes an individual’s capacity for personal growth. |
True |
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True or False? “Flow” (as described by Csikszentmihalyi) is most likely to occur in areas where students are challenged and perceive themselves as having a low degree of skill. |
False |
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True or False? In some instances, extrinsic rewards can undermine learning. |
True |
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True or False? Highly educated parents are likely to believe that their involvement in their children’s education is important. |
True |
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True or False? A child’s skills and work habits when entering kindergarten are among the best predictors of academic motivation and performance in both elementary and secondary school. |
True |
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In order to avoid failure, some students simply do not try. What is the name of this protective strategy? A. Setting unreachable goals B. Anxiety C. Procrastination D. Nonperformance |
D. Nonperformance |
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Maribell had always done well in math and English. But partway through her seventhgrade year, she stopped handing in math homework and spent more time talking during class than listening and working. Meanwhile, her grades in English have remained high. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this behavior? A. She no longer cares what her parents and peers think of her. B. She is too busy to study. C. She has reduced expectations for success in math. D. She is building friendships with highachieving peers. |
C. She has reduced expectations for success in math. |
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Some students purposely put off making the best possible effort in order to use that as an explanation for poor performance. What is the name of this protective strategy? A. Anxiety B. Procrastination C. Setting unreachable goals D. Nonperformance |
B. Procrastination |
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Failure syndrome refers to which of the following descriptions? A. Having low expectations for success but continually put in the effort B. Having low expectations for success despite experiencing success C. Having low expectations for success and giving up on difficult tasks D. None of these |
C. Having low expectations for success and giving up on difficult tasks |
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True or False? The current model for classroom management emphasizes permissiveness, and places sole responsibility on the students for determining and maintaining proper behavior. |
FALSE |
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True or False? In the most recent Gallup Poll, the American public rated “lack of discipline” as the second most important problem in schools, after “lack of financial support.” - |
TRUE |
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True or False? The current view of the wellmanaged classroom is one in which students work quietly and independently, requiring little direction from the teacher and little interaction with other students. |
FALSE |
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True or False? If students know that they will be held accountable for their work, they are more likely to use class time efficiently. |
True |
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True or False? Poor classroom managers are likely to be distracted by behaviors that do not require attention. |
True |
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Of the following traits, which is most typical of students whose teachers adopt the authoritative strategy of classroom management? A. Have low selfesteem B. Are selfreliant C. Are easily distracted D. Are passive learners |
B. Are selfreliant |
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Good peer relations are most likely to develop in classrooms that are managed with which strategy? A. Authoritarian B. Restrictive C. Authoritative D. Permissive |
C. Authoritative |
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True or False? Standardized tests can be used to help teachers diagnose students’ strengths and weaknesses. |
TRUE |
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True or False? When establishing national norms, the norm group should include males and females from urban, suburban, and rural locations in a variety of geographic regions throughout the country and from a variety of socioeconomic and ethnic groups. |
True |
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Validity is the extent to which a test produces similar results when administered on multiple occasions, but not the accuracy with which a test measures what it is intended to measure. |
FALSE |
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True or False? A test can be reliable but not valid. |
True |
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True or False? An aptitude test and an achievement test measure the same underlying traits. |
FALSE |
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True or False? According to No Child Left Behind, if underperforming schools don’t improve after four years, states are required to implement major staff and curriculum changes in the schools, and if progress is not made after five years, states must close the schools. |
True |
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True or False? When taking standardized tests, students should be encouraged to skip difficult items and return to them later. |
True |
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True or False? In the case of a normal distribution of scores, the most common scores occur at either extreme. |
FALSE |
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True or False? Because of the potential for bias in standardized tests, it is important to assess students using a variety of methods. |
True |
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True or False? It has been concluded that performance assessment is more meaningful and involves higherlevel thinking skills. |
True |
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True or False? A very small part of preinstruction assessment is informal observation. |
FALSE |
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A teacher’s initial impressions of students should be treated like which of the following? A. Labels to be shared with other colleagues B. Accurate observations C. Hypotheses D. Enduring judgments |
C. Hypotheses |
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A growing trend in formative assessment is to foster students’ selfassessment on a daytoday basis. In this way, students can evaluate their own progress and take greater responsibility for their own learning. Which of the following is a good strategy for successful student selfassessment in the classroom? A. Have students present an oral critique of their peers first B. Avoid giving feedback to students so that selfassessments are valid and reliable C. Create selfassessment worksheets and checklists D. Replace summative assessment with formative student selfassessment |
C. Create selfassessment worksheets and checklists . |
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Which of the following is a weakness of true/false items? A. Diagnostic information is provided when students answer incorrectly. B. Students have the opportunity to construct their own answers. C. Scores are more influenced by guessing than with any other item type. D. Less demand is placed on reading ability than for some other item types. |
C. Scores are more influenced by guessing than with any other item type. |
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Unlike other formats of assessment, growth portfolios are specially designed to show which of the following? A. How much a student has learned in a particular content area B. How well the student can organize ideas C. How much the student’s work has improved over time D. How well the student can express ideas in writing |
C. How much the student’s work has improved over time |
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Of the following formats of test items, which is the best example of a performance assessment? A. Multiple choice B. Essay C. Matching D. True/false |
B. Essay |
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Mrs. O’Connell tries emphasizing the “carrot and the stick” approach to grading. She creates a competitive, yet friendly, atmosphere in her classroom, where all students are excited to challenge their peers to get good grades. What is the teacher’s main purpose for grading? A. Guidance B. Administrative C. Motivational D. Informational |
C. Motivational |
