Edit Abrsm Grade 4 Theory - Performance Directions

Front 1

Members of "Strings"

Back 1

Violin, viola, cello, double bass.

Front 2

Members of "Woodwind"

Back 2

Flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon.

Front 3

Members of "Brass"

Back 3

Horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba.

Front 4

Members of "Percussion"

Back 4

Timpani (kettle drums), side drum, bass drum, cymbals.

Front 5

Who uses the treble clef?

Back 5

Violin, flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, trumpet.

Front 6

Who uses the alto clef?

Back 6

Viola

Front 7

Who uses the bass clef?

Back 7

Cello, double bass, bassoon, trombone, tuba, timpani.

Front 8

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

con sordini (or con sord.)

Back 8

Strings & Brass.

Front 9

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

senza sordini (or senza sord.)

Back 9

Strings & Brass.

Front 10

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

arco

Back 10

Strings

Front 11

What family of instruments does this apply to?

Back 11

Strings

Front 12

What family of instruments does this apply to?

Back 12

Strings

Front 13

What family of instruments does this apply to?

Back 13

Strings

Front 14

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

pizzicato

Back 14

Strings

Front 15

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

sul G

Back 15

Strings

Front 16

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

sul ponticello

Back 16

Strings

Front 17

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

una corda

Back 17

Piano

Front 18

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

tre corda

Back 18

Piano

Front 19

What family of instruments does the following apply to:

mano

Back 19

Piano

Front 20

What family of instruments does this apply to?

Back 20

Piano

Front 21

What family of instruments does this apply to?

Back 21

Piano

Front 22

What does the following mean:

con sordini

Back 22

With mutes.

Front 23

What does the following mean:

senza sordini

Back 23

Without mutes

Front 24

What does the following mean:

arco

Back 24

Play with the bow.

Front 25

What does the following mean:

pizzicato

Back 25

Plucked.

Front 26

What does the following mean:

sul G

Back 26

Play on the G string.

Front 27

What does the following mean:

sul ponticello

Back 27

Play near the bridge.

Front 28

What does the following mean:

una corda

Back 28

"One string" press the left pedal"

Front 29

What does the following mean:

tre corda

Back 29

"Three strings" release the left pedal.

Front 30

What does the following mean:

mano

Back 30

"Hand" e.g. mano sinistra (left hand) or mano destra (right hand).

Front 31

What does this mean?

Back 31

Spread the notes of a chord quickly, starting from the bottom note.

Front 32

What does this mean?

Back 32

Press/release the right pedal.

Front 33

What does this mean?

Back 33

Same pitch notes: A "tie", play both notes as if one.

Different pitch notes: A "slur", play in one stroke of the bow.

Front 34

What does this mean?

Back 34

Play with a "down" bow.

Front 35

What does this mean?

Back 35

Play with an "up" bow.

Front 36

What does the following mean:

affettuoso

Back 36

tenderly

Front 37

What does the following mean:

affrettando

Back 37

hurrying

Front 38

What does the following mean:

amabile

Back 38

amiable, pleasant

Front 39

What does the following mean:

appassionato

Back 39

with passion

Front 40

What does the following mean:

calando

Back 40

getting softer, dying away (and usually slowing down)

Front 41

What does the following mean:

cantando

Back 41

singing

Front 42

What does the following mean:

come

Back 42

as, similar to (come prima : as before; coma sopra : as above)

Front 43

What does the following mean:

facile

Back 43

easy

Front 44

What does the following mean:

fuoco

Back 44

fire

Front 45

What does the following mean:

glusto

Back 45

proper, exact (tempo glusto : in strict time)

Front 46

What does the following mean:

l'istesso

Back 46

the same (l'istesso tempo : at the same speed)

Front 47

What does the following mean:

morendo

Back 47

dying away

Front 48

What does the following mean:

niente

Back 48

nothing

Front 49

What does the following mean:

nobilmente

Back 49

nobly

Front 50

What does the following mean:

perdendosi

Back 50

dying away

Front 51

What does the following mean:

possibile

Back 51

possible ( presto possibile : as fast as possible)

Front 52

What does the following mean:

quasi

Back 52

as if, resembling

Front 53

What does the following mean:

sonoro

Back 53

resonant, with rich tone

Front 54

What does the following mean:

sopra

Back 54

above

Front 55

What does the following mean:

sotto

Back 55

below (sotto voce : in an undertone)

Front 56

What does the following mean:

veloce

Back 56

swift

Front 57

What does the following mean:

voce

Back 57

voice

Front 58

What does the following mean:

à

Back 58

to, at

Front 59

What does the following mean:

animé

Back 59

animated, lively

Front 60

What does the following mean:

assez

Back 60

enough, sufficiently

Front 61

What does the following mean:

avec

Back 61

with

Front 62

What does the following mean:

cédez

Back 62

yield, relax the speed

Front 63

What does the following mean:

douce

Back 63

sweet

Front 64

What does the following mean:

en dehors

Back 64

prominent (a direction to make a melody stand out)

Front 65

What does the following mean:

et

Back 65

and

Front 66

What does the following mean:

légèrement

Back 66

light

Front 67

What does the following mean:

lent

Back 67

slow

Front 68

What does the following mean:

mais

Back 68

but

Front 69

What does the following mean:

moins

Back 69

less

Front 70

What does the following mean:

modéré

Back 70

at a moderate speed

Front 71

What does the following mean:

non

Back 71

not

Front 72

What does the following mean:

peu

Back 72

little

Front 73

What does the following mean:

plus

Back 73

more

Front 74

What does the following mean:

presser

Back 74

hurry

Front 75

What does the following mean:

ralentir

Back 75

slow down

Front 76

What does the following mean:

retenu

Back 76

held back (en retenant: holding back, slowing a little)

Front 77

What does the following mean:

sans

Back 77

without

Front 78

What does the following mean:

très

Back 78

very

Front 79

What does the following mean:

un, une

Back 79

one

Front 80

What does the following mean:

vif

Back 80

lively

Front 81

What does the following mean:

vite

Back 81

quick