Ecvp Cardiovascular System 2007-2009

Front 1

Angiogenic homeobox genes in canine vascular tumors.
HoxA9, HoxB3, HoxD3, HoxB7, Pbx1,Meis1.
1. Which are more expressed in HSA?
2. Which are not expressed in quiescent endothelial cells in granulation tissue?

Back 1

1. HoxB3, HoxD3, Pbx1 and Meis1 >80% HSA, <20% HA.
2. HoxD3 and Pbx1

Hint 1

CP 141, 199-203 (2009)

Front 2

Canine perivascular wall tumors.
1. Definition?
2. Cytologic features (4)
3. Spectrum, histologic features and IHC?

Back 2

1. neoplasms deriving from mural cells of blood vessels, excluding endothelium.
2. mod. to high cellular, capillaries, cohesive groups of cells, bi- to multinucleated cells.
3. Bundles from media → angioleiomyoma
Whorling → capillary → desmin+, smoothelin+, h-CD+→ myopericytoma
Wh→capillary/adventitial→vimentin+→angiofibroma
wh→adventitial→vim+, a-sma+,desmin+/-→angiomyofibroblastoma
Myxoid/staghorn→S100-, actin+/-,desmin-, 3G5+/-, CD34+/-→hemangiopericytoma (HEP)

Hint 2

Vet pathol 44, 607-620 (2007)

Front 3

Anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 and survivin in Canine vascular tumors.
1. ICH bcl-2 in HSA and HA?
2. Survivin-positive index in HSA and HA?
3. survivin and bcl-2 mRNA expression?

Back 3

1. HSA: 60%, HA none
2. HSA 24,7%, HA 0,6%
3. survivin HSA 6x HA
bcl-2 : no difference.
mRNA expression and IHC (protein) discrepancy in bcl-2 HSA not understood.

Hint 3

CP 139, 1-7 (2008)

Front 4

Chondroid metaplasia in canine atrioventricular valves.
1. Prevalence and site?
2. type of cartilage (2) and IHC ?
3. Breeds?

Back 4

1. 25%, foci of cartilage in fibrosa (21) or spongiosa (3) of tricuspid septal leaflet.
2. Fibrocartilage: collagens I and VI
Hyaline cartilage: laminin and collagens III and VI.
3. Elderly dogs of large breeds (not considered predisposed ot chronic valvular disease).

Hint 4

CP 139, 113-120 (2008)

Front 5

Arteriovenous hemangioma in dog and cat.
1. Types of hemangioma (3)?
2. Histo?
3. IHC?

Back 5

1. Capillary and cavernous hemangioma, this is a very rare variant (2 dogs, 1 cat): arteriovenous hemangioma.
2. nonencapsulated clusters of variably sized arterial and venous-like vessels (thick and thin-walled vsacular structures., with clusters of capillaries and immature vascular structures.
3. von Willebrandfactor +, vimentin+ endothelia,
sma+, vimentin+ tunica media or pericytes..

Hint 5

CP 139, 130-136 (2008)

Front 6

Transforming growth factor β in canine mitral valves.
1. part of suggested pathogenesis of myxomatous mitral valve disease (endocardiosis)?
2. TGF-β expression?

Back 6

1. transdifferentiation (metaplasia) and proliferation of valvular stromal cells into myofibroblastlike cells.
2. TGF-β1,and 3 are upregulated, α-SMA also (metaplasia)

Hint 6

CP, 139, 97-107 (2008)

Front 7

IHC of HSA and HA in dogs.
1. Differences HSA vs. HA (3)
2. mast-cells in HSA or HA?
3. HSA-HA-reactive endothelial cells. Discrimination possible?

Back 7

1. HSA: CD117 (KIT), VEGFR-3, CD44 > HA
2. HA
3. benign-malignant, not neoplasia-reactive.

Hint 7

CP 140, 158-168 (2009)

Front 8

Chronic mitral valvular disease in dogs.
Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase: MMP1, (only PCR), 2,9,14 and TIMP 2,3,4 (4 only PCR):
1. normal valves?
2. diseased valves?
3. differences in IHC and rt-PCR?

Back 8

1. low mRNA of MMP-2,-9, and -14 and TIMP-3.
IHC: MMP 2 and 14, TIMP-2
2. increased expression of mRNA encoding MMP-1, -14, and TIMP-2,-3,-4, no elevation in MMP-2 and -9.
IHC: <MMP-2, >MMP-14, TIMP-2,-3.
3. MMP-9 not found with IHC, in normal valves TIMP-3 via mRNA and TIMP-2 via IHC.

Hint 8

CP 140, 271-277 (2009)
Veterinary journal180, 88-94 (2009).
Same authors/same study.

Front 9

Arterial calcification in race horses.
1. mean age of affected animals?
2. site most affected and %?
3. Gross and histo?

Back 9

1. 4.5 years, no sex or breed predilection.
2. tunica media of pulmonary arteries, 82% of animals.
3. 0.5 cm to large confluescent white-to-yellowish, hard and gritty plaques.
elastic fibers were thinned, fragmented, and calcified, and surrounded by dense collagen matrix.

Hint 9

Vet pathol 45: 617-625 (2008)

Front 10

MCF in pigs.
1. virus associated?
2. organs affected?
3. histo?

Back 10

1. Ovine herpesvirus-2, genus Macavirus, subfam. gammaherpesviridae
2. Kidney: petechia, stomach: small erosions, pancreas: hemorrhage, eyes: opaque corneas, conjunctivitis, brain: nonsuppurative itis and vasculitis, mild.
3. lymphohistiocytic vasculitis with mural fibrinoid necrosis in lung, heart, gi, meninges, most severe in kidneys.

Hint 10

JVDI 21, 250-253 (2008)

Front 11

Myocardial adenomatoid tumor in cattle.
1. Organs affected?
2. Histo?
3. IHC?
4. aka?

Back 11

1. Heart, normally genital tract.
2. epithelioid cells that form tubular structures and anastomosing channels within a fibrous stroma.
3. + for pancytokeratin, cytokeratin 5/6, vimentin, calretinin, Wilm's tumor 1 suppressor gene, CD30 antigen: mesothelial origin, probably embryologic rests.
4. so-called bovine myocardial epithelial inclusions.

Hint 11

Vet pathol 46, 897-903 (2009)

Front 12

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery in calves.
1. anomalous origin?
2. right coronary artery can be affected?
3. % of cardiac lesions in calves <3 months in this study?
4. other species reported?

Back 12

1. Pulmonary artery. (ALPACA)
2. yes (ARCAPA)
3. Prevalence: 1,5%.
39% VSD, 22% atrial septum defect.
4. A dog.

Hint 12

Vet pathol 45: 634-639 (2008)

Front 13

Bluetongue virus in sheep.
1. viral replication: cells and sites?
2. pathogenesis?
3. characteristic lesions (5)?

Back 13

1. mononuclear phagocytic and endothelial cells, lymphocytes, possibly others. In lymphoid tissues, lungs, skin, and other tissues.
2. Injury to small blood vessels in target tissues, but unclear relative roles for direct virus-induced cytolysis or virus-induced vaso-active mediators.

Hint 13

CP 141, 1-16 (2009)

Front 14

Bluetongue virus.
Lesions in sheep, cattle, camelids and carnivores?`

Back 14

Sheep:
Hem. and erosions upper GI. Necrosis myocard and muscle. Pulmonary and sc. edema. Effusions in pericard, pleural and peritoneal. Subintimal hemorrhage pulmonary artery. Coronary band hyperemia, lameness. Fetal: cavtation subcortical white matter, cerebellum. Acute necrotizing meningoencephalitis. Hydranencephaly (20% d40)
Cattle: ulceration muzzle, rhinitis, oral, teats, udder. Occ. pulmonary edema, corneal edema congenital calves. Musk ox, bison, yak also.
Camelids: pulmonary edema, hydrothorax, pericardial effusion
Carnivores: dog&lynx: abortion and mortality with pulmonary edema

Hint 14

CP 141, 1-16 (2009)