Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is citrulline ? |
An AA occurs in high concentrations in the hair and trichohyalin granules - it has been used as a marker for HF differentiation |
|
|
|
What is the major protein of keratohyalin granules |
Keratohyalin |
|
|
|
What does keratohyalin function as ? |
Keratin associated protein that promotes the lateral alignment and agfeegation of parellel bundles Of IFs in IRS cells |
|
|
|
What is now thought to be the underlying cause of bald thigh syndrome ? |
Impaired cytodifferentiation leading to hair shaft fracture - MW 2019 split notes. At molecular level down regulation of genes and proteins eg KRT 71 and desmocollin 2 important in proper assembly of hair Shaft. Electron microscopy showed structural abnormalities |
|
|
|
Which 2 dysplasias make up neuroectodermal dysplasia |
CDA Black hair follicular dysplasia |
|
|
|
What is seen on histo of follicular lipidosis ? |
Anagen bulbs show intracytoplasmic lipid filled vacuoles in cells of hair matrix . Confirm presence of fat with oil red O/Sudan black stains |
|
|
|
What is downregulated in alopecia x ? |
Down regulated wnt and Shh |
|
|
|
Which interleukin is increased in dermal inflammation which inhibits hair growth? |
Il- 6 |
|
|
|
Which breed has alopecia x like hair cycle arrest been described in |
Schipperke dogs Keeshond Sib husky Mini poodle |
|
|
|
Which dogs get recurrent alopecia affecting the face only ? |
CAne Corso , dogue de Bordeaux ( vet derm letter ) |
|
|
|
In alopecia x there is abnormal cutaneous steroidogenesis ? T or F |
T |
|
|
|
How do stress And minoxidil affect the hair cycle ? |
Induce exogen |
|
|
|
How does ciclo affect the hair cycle |
Prolong Anagen |
|
|
|
How does Il-6 affect the hair cycle |
Inhibit Anagen |
|
|
|
What happens with telogen effluvium ? |
Premature / excessive exogen |
|
|
|
How does E2 affect the hair cycle ? |
Catagen induction |
|
|
|
Hair cycle changes with hypothyroidism ? |
Possible pathomechanism of alopecia in hypothyroidism ;
T4 prolongs duration of Anagen In people t4 unregulates proliferation of matrix cells |
|
|
|
Which FGF expression is lower in dogs with RFA |
18 |
|
|
|
What effect does mast cell activation have on hair cycle |
Prolongs telogen |
|
|
|
Cremona histo notes ; which breeds get x linked ectodermal dysplasia ( dog ) |
German and Belgian shep Mini poodle Lab Bichon Cocker Mixed breeds ALSO SEEN IN CATTLE |
|
|
|
What is cicatricial alopecia |
Alopecia occurring after physico chemical damage eg heat ab Igne or post folliculitus where the HF is destroyed |
|
|
|
What dermal changes are seen with cicatricial alopecia |
Dermal fibrosis |
|
|
|
BHFD in munsterlander puppies has been linked to which human syndrome |
Griscelli syndrome 3 |
|
|
|
Polymorphisms in which gene are associated with dilute coat colours |
Melanophilin |
|
|
|
Extra info |
Note - other factors also present which Are yet to be determined |
|
|
|
In canine pattern alopecia what happens to the dermal papilla |
Reduction of DP numbers leading to repeated shortened Anagen cycles - another theory is that there is a loss of dermal papilla fibroblasts which is involved in HF size reduction |
|
|
|
What other changes are noted in x linked ectodermal dysplasia other than follicular changes ( no fol / rudimentary / incompletely formed ) |
Dental dysplasia Lack of erector pili muscles Lack of seb and apocrine glands Also affects glands in respiratory tract Note that claws are normal and no evidence of immunodeficiency unlike people |
|
|
|
Which stage of Hf morphogenesis is affected in x linked ectodermal dysplasia |
Before the placode stage |
|
|
|
How is it inherited |
Recessive x linked , predominantly in males |
|
|
|
Where is the mutation ? |
Ectodysplasin A (EDA) |
|
|
|
What is seen on histo |
Absence of HFs, arrector pili muscles , sebaceous and sweat ( apocrine and eccrine ) glands |
|
|
|
With ectodermal dysplasia seen in Chinese created and Mexican hairless breeds , where is HF morphogenesis affected |
AFTER placode stage ( mecklenburg considers this a form of follicular dysplasia ) |
|
|
|
What is mutated in these Mexican hairless / Chinese created dogs |
Fox 12 |
|
|
|
Which breeds of 🐱cat have congenital hypotrichosis |
Birman Burmese Devon Rex Siamese |
|
|
|
Name 2 hairless breeds in 🐱cat |
Canadian sphynx Russian peterbald |
|
|
|
Cremona histo notes ; which breeds get x linked ectodermal dysplasia ( dog ) |
German and Belgian shep Mini poodle Lab Bichon Cocker Mixed breeds ALSO SEEN IN CATTLE |
|
|
|
What is cicatricial alopecia |
Alopecia occurring after physico chemical damage eg heat ab Igne or post folliculitus where the HF is destroyed |
|
|
|
What dermal changes are seen with cicatricial alopecia |
Dermal fibrosis |
|
|
|
BHFD in munsterlander puppies has been linked to which human syndrome |
Griscelli syndrome 3 |
|
|
|
Polymorphisms in which gene are associated with dilute coat colours |
Melanophilin |
|
|
|
Extra info |
Note - other factors also present which Are yet to be determined |
|
|
|
In canine pattern alopecia what happens to the dermal papilla |
Reduction of DP numbers leading to repeated shortened Anagen cycles - another theory is that there is a loss of dermal papilla fibroblasts which is involved in HF size reduction |
|
|
|
M |
M |
|
|
|
G |
G |
|
|
|
What other changes are noted in x linked ectodermal dysplasia other than follicular changes ( no fol / rudimentary / incompletely formed ) |
Dental dysplasia Lack of erector pili muscles Lack of seb and apocrine glands Also affects glands in respiratory tract Note that claws are normal and no evidence of immunodeficiency unlike people |
|
|
|
Which stage of Hf morphogenesis is affected in x linked ectodermal dysplasia |
Before the placode stage |
|
|
|
How is it inherited |
Recessive x linked , predominantly in males |
|
|
|
Where is the mutation ? |
Ectodysplasin A (EDA) |
|
|
|
What is seen on histo |
Absence of HFs, arrector pili muscles , sebaceous and sweat ( apocrine and eccrine ) glands |
|
|
|
With ectodermal dysplasia seen in Chinese created and Mexican hairless breeds , where is HF morphogenesis affected |
AFTER placode stage ( mecklenburg considers this a form of follicular dysplasia ) |
|
|
|
What is mutated in these Mexican hairless / Chinese created dogs |
Fox 12 |
|
|
|
Which breeds of 🐱cat have congenital hypotrichosis |
Birman Burmese Devon Rex Siamese |
|
|
|
Name 2 hairless breeds in 🐱cat |
Canadian sphynx Russian peterbald |
|
|
|
Cremona histo notes ; which breeds get x linked ectodermal dysplasia ( dog ) |
German and Belgian shep Mini poodle Lab Bichon Cocker Mixed breeds ALSO SEEN IN CATTLE |
|
|
|
What is cicatricial alopecia |
Alopecia occurring after physico chemical damage eg heat ab Igne or post folliculitus where the HF is destroyed |
|
|
|
What dermal changes are seen with cicatricial alopecia |
Dermal fibrosis |
|
|
|
BHFD in munsterlander puppies has been linked to which human syndrome |
Griscelli syndrome 3 |
|
|
|
Polymorphisms in which gene are associated with dilute coat colours |
Melanophilin |
|
|
|
Extra info |
Note - other factors also present which Are yet to be determined |
|
|
|
In canine pattern alopecia what happens to the dermal papilla |
Reduction of DP numbers leading to repeated shortened Anagen cycles - another theory is that there is a loss of dermal papilla fibroblasts which is involved in HF size reduction |
|
|
|
M |
M |
|
|
|
G |
G |
|
|
|
3 conditions where there can be spontaneous loss of hair in a cat |
Pili torti Demodicosis Dermatophytosis |
|
|
|
CD200 is found in the bulge area of mouse dog and human what is it |
Surface glycoprotein that attenuates inflam responses |
|
|
|
What other changes are noted in x linked ectodermal dysplasia other than follicular changes ( no fol / rudimentary / incompletely formed ) |
Dental dysplasia Lack of erector pili muscles Lack of seb and apocrine glands Also affects glands in respiratory tract Note that claws are normal and no evidence of immunodeficiency unlike people |
|
|
|
Which stage of Hf morphogenesis is affected in x linked ectodermal dysplasia |
Before the placode stage |
|
|
|
How is it inherited |
Recessive x linked , predominantly in males |
|
|
|
Where is the mutation ? |
Ectodysplasin A (EDA) |
|
|
|
What is seen on histo |
Absence of HFs, arrector pili muscles , sebaceous and sweat ( apocrine and eccrine ) glands |
|
|
|
With ectodermal dysplasia seen in Chinese created and Mexican hairless breeds , where is HF morphogenesis affected |
AFTER placode stage ( mecklenburg considers this a form of follicular dysplasia ) |
|
|
|
What is mutated in these Mexican hairless / Chinese created dogs |
Fox 12 |
|
|
|
Which breeds of 🐱cat have congenital hypotrichosis |
Birman Burmese Devon Rex Siamese |
|
|
|
Name 2 hairless breeds in 🐱cat |
Canadian sphynx Russian peterbald |
|
|
|
Why can hair growth occur with AA |
Bulge not targeted therefore regrowth when the immune privilege state of the bulb restores itself |
|
|
|
AA affected breeds |
Daxi Beagle GSd Setter Retriever |
|
|
|
AA horse breens |
Appaloosa Almercian saddlebred Peru paso From Petra notes |
|
|
|
Signs of AA in horses |
More well demarcated, multifocal to more generalised alopecia. Face mane neck tail but trunk in more severe cases |
|
|
|
Where else can be affected in horse with AA |
Hoof changes in one horse |
|
|
|
DDx of AA in horse |
Telogen effluvium Alopecia universalis Anagen defluxion |
|
|
|
What is the antigen in AA |
M and k = trichohyalin Petra also mentions trichohyalin, also HF melanogenesis related antigen and Anagen KF ( keratinocyte) associated antigen |
|
|
|
H |
G |
|
|
|
Which disease has lymphocytic mural folliculitis |
MANY diseases as minor / major feature eg mucinotic mural isthmic folliculitis of lundehunds, ECLE, Demodex .... many diseases |
|
|
|
Which disease has lymphocytic mural folliculitis |
MANY diseases as minor / major feature eg mucinotic mural isthmic folliculitis of lundehunds, ECLE, Demodex .... many diseases |
|
|
|
Which breed of dog was reported to have multifocal spontaneous non infectious alopecia ? A mucinotic mural isthmic folliculitis was described |
Norwegian puffin dogs (lundehunds) vet derm 2014 |
|
|
|
Which disease has lymphocytic mural folliculitis |
MANY diseases as minor / major feature eg mucinotic mural isthmic folliculitis of lundehunds, ECLE, Demodex .... many diseases |
|
|
|
Which breed of dog was reported to have multifocal spontaneous non infectious alopecia ? A mucinotic mural isthmic folliculitis was described |
Norwegian puffin dogs (lundehunds) vet derm 2014 |
|
|
|
Which human disease shares similarities with canine and feline isthmus mural folliculitis ? |
Pseudopelade of Brocq of humans |
|
|
|
Why were diet trials not pursued in all of the puffin dogs ? |
Lymphangiectasia is a concern in this breed |
|
|
|
Why were diet trials not pursued in all of the puffin dogs ? |
Lymphangiectasia is a concern in this breed |
|
|
|
The puffin dogs also had perifollicular mucin mucin deposition . What is follicular mucinosis associated with ? |
Can be idiopathic Or in association with mycosis fungoides or cutaneous T cell lymphoma ; can also be seen in other inflam or neoplastic condition. Noted mucinotic mural folliculitis has been reported in 7 cats- they had swollen and thickened skin and most cats were lethargic - all cats were euthanised |
|
|
|
Which virus causes granulomatous mural folliculitis (MCF) in deer ? |
OVH-2 and CpHV-2 ( see Aiden small ruminant lecture and vet record 2009 short comms Sika deer 165 , 445-447 |
U |
|
|
thymoma associated exfoliative dermatitis has been described in cats which other immunological disorders are associated with thymoma in cats |
MG Immune mediated granulocytopenia Polymyositis and mycocarditis Derm dz - exfoliative dermatitis , EM like , paraneoplastic pemph |
|
|
|
thymoma associated exfoliative dermatitis has been described in cats which other immunological disorders are associated with thymoma in cats |
MG Immune mediated granulocytopenia Polymyositis and mycocarditis Derm dz - exfoliative dermatitis , EM like , paraneoplastic pemph |
|
|
|
Histo changes with exfoliative dermatitis in cats |
Prominent orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis Lymphocytic exocytosis Interface dermatitis with basal keratinocyte apoptosis Similar changes within infundibulum and isthmus Sebaceous adenitis or absence of sebaceous glands frequent finding |
|
|
|
Which drug in cats has been noted to cause pyogranulomatous mural folliculitis |
Methimazole (JFMS) |
|
|
|
5 Labrador’s with proliferative lymphocytic infundibular mural folliculitus and dermatitis are described in vet derm 2013 - three dogs responded to what drug |
Ciclo |
|
|
|
How can ciclosporin be used to manage apoptosis? |
Ciclo also affects mitochondria by preventing mitochondria permeability transition pore from opening therefore inhibiting the release of cytochrome C - a potent apoptosis stimulating factor |
|
|
|
Name 5 dz where u can see intraepidermal lymphocytes displaying lymphocytic satellitosis |
EM regressing exophytic papilloma RARE cutaneous parvovirus Rarely epitheliotropic lymphoma
|
|
|
|
Feline proliferative and necrotising otitis and dermatitis in cats - which other areas of the body can be affected |
Muzzle Paws |
|
|
|
Why do these cats respond to topical tacrolimus |
The cats have keratinocyte apoptosis induced by epidermal infiltrating T cells (tacro is a calcineurin inhibitor inhibiting T cell mediated keratinocyte apoptosis ) |
|
|
|
G |
T |
G |
