Ecology Test 3: Chapter 10 Life History

Front 1

What describes the lifetime pattern of growth, development, and reproduction of an organism?

Back 1

life history

Front 2

What term describes the number of eggs or seeds produced by an organism?

Back 2

fecundity

Front 3

What principle describes the idea that if organisms use energy for one function (i.e. growth), the amount of energy available for other functions is reduced?

Back 3

Principle of Allocation

Front 4

If animals have larger offspring, they will have a ______ number of offspring.

Back 4

fewer

Front 5

If animals have smaller offspring, they will have a _______ number of offspring.

Back 5

larger

Front 6

Organisms that produce many offspring have a _______ investment in each offspring.

Back 6

minimal

Front 7

Organisms that produce few offspring invest considerably _____ in each one.

Back 7

more

Front 8

What term describes animals that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother?

Back 8

ovipary (oviparous)

i.e. fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, insects

Front 9

What term describes the development inside the body of the mother in animals, which leads to a live birth?

Back 9

vivipary (viviparous)

Front 10

What system describes the pattern of mating between males and females in a population?

Back 10

mating system

Front 11

Which mating system describes the formation of a lasting pair bond between one male and one female?

Back 11

monogamy

Front 12

Which mating system describes when males and females mate with one or many of the opposite sex and form no pair bond?

Back 12

promiscuity

Front 13

Which mating system describes the acquisition by an individual of 2 or more mates and the individual with multiple mates generally does not care for the young?

Back 13

polygamy

Front 14

Which mating system describes cross-fertilization of plants?

Back 14

outcrossing

Front 15

Which mating system describes self-fertilization in plants?

Back 15

autogamy

Front 16

Which mating system is prevalent among birds but rare among mammals?

Back 16

monogamy

Front 17

What term describes the single reproductive event in which many small offpsring are produced?

Back 17

semelparity

Front 18

What term describes reproduction spaced out over several reproductive periods during lifetime?

Back 18

iteroparity

Front 19

What term describes the scenario in which the young must be fed and taken care of for a long duration?

Back 19

altricial

Front 20

What term describes the scenario in which the young are immediately mobile?

Back 20

precocial

Front 21

Earlier maturation and earlier reproduction results in ______ adult survival rate.

Back 21

lower

Front 22

Later maturation and later reproduction results in ______ adult survival rate.

Back 22

higher

Front 23

What term describes the allocation of energy, time, and other resources to production and care of offspring?

Back 23

reproductive effort

Front 24

What may life histories be classified upon?

Back 24

fecundity (# of offspring)

survival

relative offspring

age at reproductive maturity

Front 25

Which type of selection is characterized by high population growth rate and species colonizing new or disturbed habitats?

Back 25

R-selection

Front 26

Which type of selection is characterized by efficient resource use and situations where populations near carrying capacity?

Back 26

K-selection

Front 27

Which type of selection has unpredictable environments based on Pianka's hypothesis?

Back 27

r-selection

Front 28

Which type of selection has predictable environments based on Pianka's hypothesis?

Back 28

k-selection

Front 29

Which kind of habitat includes organisms with short life cycles, fast development, have high reproductive rates, and high fecundity?

Back 29

variable habitat

Front 30

Which kind of habitat includes organisms that are long-lived, delayed maturity, and have lower reproductive effort distributed over a longer period of time?

Back 30

stable habitats

Front 31

Which life history for plants is described by species who rapidly colonize disturbed sites, are generally small and short-lived, and allocate resources to reproduction?

Back 31

ruderal

Front 32

Which life history for plants is described by predictable habitats with abundant resources, species allocate resources to growth, resource acquisition, and competition?

Back 32

competitive

Front 33

Which life history for plants is described by resource-limited habitats and species who allocate resources to maintenance?

Back 33

stress-tolerant