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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When was the classic study derived? |
1934 |
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What was the classic study and what were its results? |
It was to discover how two organisms would compete and one always out-competed the other. |
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Define Mesopredators.
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Small carnivores that consume herbivores e.g., weasels or feral cats. |
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Define top predators. |
Organisms that typically consume both herbivores and predators e.g., wolves and sharks. |
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How can a stable predator-prey population be achieved? |
When an environment is complex and contains some barriers. |
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What is the Lotka-Volterra model? |
A model of predator-prey interactions that incorporates oscillations in predator and prey populations and shows predator numbers lagging behind those of their prey. |
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What is the formula for the Lotka-Volterra model? |
dN/dt = rN-cNP |
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Define functional response. |
The relationship between the density of prey and an individual predator's rate of food consumption. |
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What are the types of functional response? |
1)When a predator's rate of prey consumption increases in a linear fashion with an increase in prey density until satiation occurs. 2)When a predator's rate of prey consumption begins to slow as prey density increases and then plateaus. 3)When a predator exhibits low, rapid and slowing prey consumption under low, moderate and high prey densities. |
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Define the numerical response. |
A change in the number of predators through population growth or population movement e.g., immigration and emigration. |
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What are the types of plant-herbivore population dynamics? |
Interactive which affects plant population traits and non-interactive which affects herbivore densities and plant populations. |
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Define crypsis. |
Camouflage that either allows an individual to match its environment or breaks up the outline of an individual to help it blend into the background. |
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Define warning coloration and gives its alternative name. |
Aposematism - A strategy where distastefulness evolves in association with very conspicuous colo |
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Define batesian mimicry. |
When palatable species evolve warning colouration that resembles unpalatable species e.g., hover flies. |
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Define Müllerian mimicry. |
When several unpalatable species evolve a similar warning colouration e.g., poison dart frogs. |
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Define coevolution. |
When two or more species affect each other's evolution; selection for prey defences should favour the selection for counter-adaptation in predators e.g., the cane toad having skin toxins. |
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Why is the world green? |
-Herbivores have self-regulatory mechanisms that prevent over-exploitation of their food supply. -Predators and disease keep herbivores rare. -Plants are not all edible - defences or low nutrition. |
