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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
organisms that obtain energy from inorganic sources,such as by photosynthesisobserv |
Autotrophs |
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the energyautotrophs acquire from the inorganic environment |
Primaryproduction |
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derive energy from sunlight through photosynthesis (plants) |
Photoautotrophs |
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derive energyfrom inorganic compounds |
Chemoautotrophs |
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organisms thatobtain energy from organic compounds, generally from other organisms, living ordead jj |
Heterotrophs |
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Secondaryproduction |
theacquisition of energy by heterotrophs c>ƅ7?Ax= |
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: theconcentration of elements and compounds can become increasingly concentrated inorganisms of higher trophic levels |
Biomagnification |
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uset of pathways of energy transfer from primaryproducers through apex predatorsngs. |
Food web |
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cyclic movement of nutrients through ecosystems byexchange among the atmosphere, rocks, soil, water, and organisms |
Biogeochemicalcycle |
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BiologicalMechanisms of Nutrient Flux |
Photosynthesis Nitrogenfixation Decomposition Mineralization |
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unutrients (in the form of living organisms, detritus) move downstream where they enternew biological systems and continue downstream in new forms |
Nutrientspiral |
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upopulation growth rate becomes negative below aminimum population size |
Allee Effect |
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unpredictableoccurrence of unfavorable abiotic conditions |
Environmentalstochasticity |
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random changein demographic variables in a small population |
Demographicstochasticity |
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GeneticConsequences of Small Populations |
Inbreeding Genetic drift Population bottlenecks |
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uharvest is limited to a certain number of individualsby establishing catch limits ]X<ր |
Fixed-quotaharvest |
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harvest islimited by regulating the length of the harvest season, type of gear allowed,and so forth jj |
Fixed-effortharvest |
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uthe monetary value of crucial services that healthy,functional ecosystems provide |
Ecosystemservicesڕ= |
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LandscapeComponents |
Cover type Patch Fragmentation |
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PatchCharacteristicson |
uType (forest,lake, etc.) uOrigin (disturbance,remnant, etc.) uEdge (perimeter) uSize (area) uShape (perimeter:area) uAge (time sincedisturbance) uProximity (distance toother patches) |
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represent theglobal human footprint and types of human activity |
Anthromes |
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MeltingIce and Rising Sea Levels |
uThermal expansion - waterexpands as it warms uMelting of land ice - glacier retreat and ice thinning at polesieclair2 |
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GlobalEnvironmental Impacts of Human Activities |
uAcid rain: decrease inpH of precipitation due to SO2 and NOemissions
uOcean acidification due toelevated CO2 levels uNitrogen deposition due toindustry and agriculture |