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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
consumers that obtain energy by eating only animals
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CARNIVORES
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the main source of energy for life on Earth
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SUN
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a process that uses light energy to power chemical reactions that convert water and carbon dioxide to oxygen and glucose
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
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a group of individuals belonging to the same species and living in the same area
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POPULATIONS
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another word for autotrophs
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PRODUCERS
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Links all the food chains in an ecosystem together
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FOOD WEB
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a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
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SPECIES
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a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating or being eaten
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FOOD CHAIN
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organisms in the second or third trophic level
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CONSUMERS
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different populations living together in a defined area
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COMMUNITY
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consumers that obtain energy by eating plants
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HERBIVORES
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the organism being eaten in predation
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PREY
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another word for heterotrophs
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CONSUMERS
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each step in a food chain or food web
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TROPHIC LEVEL
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the full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
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NICHE
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a relationship from which both species benefit
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MUTUALISM
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example of mutualism
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POLLINATION
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any necessity of life
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RESOURCE
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the organism that does the killing and eating in predation
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PREDATOR
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the area where an organism lives
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HABITAT
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occurs when any two organisms attempt to use a resource in the same place at the same time
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COMPETITION
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when one organism captures on feeds on another
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PREDATION
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four processes involved in the carbon cycle
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BIOLOGICAL: photosynthesis and respiration
GEOCHEMICAL: volcanic eruption BIOGEOCHEMICAL: formation and use of fossil fuels |
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biological influences
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BIOTIC
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physical influences
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ABIOTIC
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the movement of nitrogen in the biosphere
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NITROGEN CYCLE
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the movement of carbon in the biosphere
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CARBON CYCLE
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the movement of water in the biosphere
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WATER CYCLE
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volcanoes releasing of carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere is a __ process
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GEOCHEMICAL
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the key element in all living organisms
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CARBON
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the process by which water changes from liquid to gas
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EVAPORATION
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the process by which water changes from gas to liquid
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CONDENSATION
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water falling from the sky in any form (ie. snow, rain)
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PRECIPITATION
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evaporation of water from the leaves of plants
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TRANSPIRATION
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all chemical substances an organism requires to live
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NUTRIENTS
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the way elements, compounds and other matter are passed from one organism to another in different parts of the biosphere
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BIOCHEMICAL CYCLES
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the process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
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NITROGEN FIXATION
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the rate at which organic matter is created by producers
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PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
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the substance that may be scarce and limit an organism's growth
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LIMITING NUTRIENT
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example of primary succession
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AFTER VOLCANIC ERUPTION or AFTER GLACIAL MELT
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when a disturbance changes an existing community without removing the soil
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SECONDARY SUCCESSION
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organisms that break down organic matter
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DECOMPOSERS
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one organism benefits and the other is harmed
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PARASITISM
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example of parasitism
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TAPEWORMS
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succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists
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PRIMARY SUCCESSION
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most common pioneer species
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LICHEN
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any relationship in which two species live close together
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SYMBIOSIS
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says no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time
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COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE
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example of secondary succession
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ABANDONED FARMLAND or WILDFIRE
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the series of predictable changes that occur in a community
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ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
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the first species to populate an area
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PIONEER SPECIES
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one species benefits and the other is unaffected
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COMMENSALISM
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example of commensalism
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BARNACLES ON WHALES
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organisms at the first trophic level
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PRODUCERS or AUTOTROPHS
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describe the energy flow in an ecosystem
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SUN/ORGANIC COMPOUNDS --> AUTOTROPHS --> HETEROTROPHS
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examples of autotrophs
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PLANTS, ALGAE, CYANOBACTERIA
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organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy
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HETEROTROPHS or CONSUMERS
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a consumer that eats both plants and animals
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OMNIVORE
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a group of ecosystems with the same climate and similar dominant communities
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BIOME
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a collection of all the organisms that live in a place and their nonliving surroundings
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ECOSYSTEM
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the process of using chemical energy (inorganic compounds) to produce carbohydrates
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CHEMOSYNTHESIS
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the study of interactions amon organisms and their environment
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ECOLOGY
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all the ecosystems on the entire planet
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BIOSPHERE
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organisms that make their own food from sunlight or inorganic compounds
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PRODUCERS or AUTOTROPHS
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dead plant and animal remains
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DETRITUS
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consumers that feed on dead plant and animal remains
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DETRITIVORES
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