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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time or place |
Weather |
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is the continuous movement of water from sources on Earth’s surface into the air and back. |
water cycle |
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evaporation |
when liquid water changes into water vapor, which is a gas. |
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condensation |
when water vapor cools and changes from a gas to a liquid; forms clouds. |
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precipitation |
occurs when this liquid falls from the clouds back to the Earth |
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runoff |
water that flows across the land from rivers and streams and eventually reaches the ocean. |
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humidity |
the amount of water vapor in the air. |
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relative humidity |
amount of water vapor in the air compared to what it could be at that temperature. |
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psychrometer |
humidity is measured by |
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dew point |
When the temperature drops below what saturated air can hold, the water vapor condenses |
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cirro |
clouds at high altitudes |
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alto |
clouds at middle altitudes |
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when rain falls through a layer of freezing air it is called |
sleet |
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when temperatures are so cold that water vapor turns directly to a solid. |
snow |
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form when strong updrafts cause water to freeze in layers around a small nucleus of ice. |
Hail |
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large body of air that has the same temperature and moisture content throughout. |
Air mass |
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mP, cP, mT, cT |
(maritime polar), (continental polar), (maritime tropic), (continental tropic) |
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boundary where two air masses meet |
fronts |
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cold air mass invades a warm air mass; produces thunderstorms and cooler weather. |
cold front |
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warm air moves over cold air; bring drizzly rain followed by warm clear weather. |
warm front |
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two cold fronts collide; strong winds and heavy precipitation; severe weather |
occluded front |
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front stops moving; same weather for several days |
stationary front |
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cyclones |
areas that have lower pressure than surrounding areas; winds move towards the middle; stormy weather. |
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anticyclones |
areas that have high pressure; dry,clear weather |
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small, intense weather system that produces strong winds, heavy rain, lightning and thunder. |
thunderstorm |
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Lightning can reach |
30,000 oC |
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thunder |
results from the rapid expansion of air around a lightning strike. |
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Tornadoes |
small, spinning column of air with high wind speeds and low central pressure that touches the ground. |
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Average tornado has wind speed of km/h, but can reach as high as km/h. Cause buildings to Categorized by the |
120 to 180 500 explode Fujita scale |
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Hurricanes |
a large, rotating tropical weather system with speeds of at least 120 km/h. |
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called in the Pacific Ocean and in the Indian Ocean. |
typhoons cyclones |
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wall of water is pushed up ahead of the hurricane; most dangerous part of the storm. |
storm surge |
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a prediction of weather conditions for the next 3 to 5 days. |
weather forecasting |
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Conditions meteorologists measure 6 things |
- Air pressure - Humidity- precipitation-Temperature - wind speed - Wind direction |
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weather balloons |
measure weather conditions as high as 30 km above Earth’s surface. |
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tool used to measure air temperature. |
thermometer |
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instrument to measure air pressure. |
Barometer |
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anemometer |
instrument used to measure wind speed. |
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Wind direction can be determined by using a |
wind sock or wind vane. |
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used to find location, movement, and amount of precipitation. |
Radar |
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Doppler radar uses to show amounts and locations of precipitation. |
color codes |
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Station models |
small circle on a map that shows the location of a weather station. |
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lines that connect points of equal air pressure. |
isobars |
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lines that connect areas of equal temperature. |
isotherms |
