Earth And Life Science 1.1.10

Front 1

List of Events

Back 1

Deposition

Uplifting

Weathering and Erosion (W&E)

Intrusion (Int)

Contact Metamorphism (CM)

Subsidence

Folding/Tilting

Unconformity (Mix of Uplift,W&E, and Subsidence)

Front 2

Commonly preserved fossils

Back 2

Hard parts

Front 3

Rarely preserved parts of a fossil

Back 3

soft parts

Front 4

Types of Fossils

Back 4

Original Material

Casts and molds

Replacements (Petrified wood)

Carbonized Films (Leaves)

Footprints/ Tracks

Front 5

only preserved record of behavior of fossils

Back 5

trace fossils

Front 6

Types of fossils

Back 6

Permineralization

Molds and Casts

Carbonizations & Impressions

Amber

Trace Fossils

Front 7

minerals precipitate solutions and fill out empty spores

Back 7

permineralization

Front 8

shell or another structure is buried in sediment and then dissolved by underground water

Back 8

mold

Front 9

hollow space is filled out with mineral

Back 9

cast

Front 10

effective in preserving leaves

Back 10

carbonization

Front 11

replica of the surface of an object from when the thin carbon film is lost

Back 11

impression

Front 12

hard resin of trees that has trapped small things like insects

Back 12

amber

Front 13

how does carbonization work?

Back 13

through thin carbon films

Front 14

Types of Trace Fossils

Back 14

Tracks

Burrows

Coprolites

Gasthrolites

Front 15

tubes in a tree/rock/sediment

Back 15

burrow

Front 16

fossil dung/contents

Back 16

coprolites

Front 17

stomach stones that was used in grinding food

Back 17

gastroliths

Front 18

pseudofossils

Back 18

dendrites (crystal-like)

concretions (tube-like)

Front 19

the matching of rocks to develop a time scale

Back 19

correlation

Front 20

used to establish the age of bed

Back 20

fossil assemblage

Front 21

geologists pay certain attention to

Back 21

index fossils

Front 22

the geologic time scale

Back 22

Back (Definition)

Front 23

Absolute Ages: Early attempts

Back 23

The bible (too short)

Salt in ocean (too varied)

Sediment Thickness (too varied)

Front 24

age of the sun (free pass)

Back 24

Back (Definition)

Front 25

Rate of Grand Canyon

Back 25

1cm/15yr

Front 26

uplift of alps rate

Back 26

1cm/20yrs

Front 27

Opening of Atlantic

Back 27

2.8cm/yr

Front 28

Uplift of white mountains. (N.H) Granites

Back 28

1cm/190yr

Front 29

san andreas fault

Back 29

7m/140 yr

Front 30

growth of Mt. St.Helens

Back 30

10cm/yr

Front 31

Deposition of Niagra Dolomite

Back 31

1cm/100yr