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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 2 pathways of hearing??
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Eustachian tube and Labyrinth.
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How do you hold the ear for an otoscopic examination on an adult?
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Pull the ear upward and backward.
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How do you perform a Voice-whisper test??
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Instruct the pt to use a finger to oclude one ear; stand 2 feet from pt's other ear and whisper a 2 syllable word;ask the pt to repeat the word;pt should be able to repeat the word.
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The Rinne test is used for:
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determining whether hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural.A tunning fork is used for this test. AC>BC
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air conducted(AC) sound is heard...
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via external auditory canal.
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bone conducted(BC) sound is heard...
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via the mastoid process
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The Weber test is used for:
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determining whether hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural. Sound should be perceived equally by both ears= "neg. weber test".
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Where are the sphenoid sinuses located??
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directly behind ethmoid sinuses.
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Sensorineural hearing loss could be related to:
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nerve degeneration.
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Transillumination of sinuses is used for:
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evaluation of frontal and maxillary sinuses.
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Name the salivary glands:
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Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular.
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How do you assess cranial nerves IX,X,and XII??
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IX and X: have the pt say "ah" and watch the uvula rise symmmetrically.
XII: ck for syringo bulbia because it causes hypoglossal nerve paralysis. |
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Risk factors for oral cancer:
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male gender, african american, >40yrs old, smoking(ie.chewing), excessive alcohol use.
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Risk factors for otitis media:
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<2yrs of age;frequent URI; cold weather;males;caucasians, native americans, alaskan natives;family hx;smoky environment;day care;bottle fed;down syndrome;craniofacial disorders.
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Risk factors for hearing loss:
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Noise exposure;smoking; ototoxic drugs; heart disease; aging;tumors;trauma;meniere's disease; tympanic membrane perforatiion; barotrauma.
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assessing "patency" of the nose:
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the sense of smell (CN I) is evualated during testing of cranial nerves.
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Physical assessment of the oral cavity should include the following:
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Breath,lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, gums and teeth, hard and soft palates, throat, and TMJ.(temp.mand.joint)
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findings that might be noted on a pt with poor oral hygiene:
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gingivitis, hallatosis, swelling of the gums.
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What common problems are often noted in hearing and taste sensation of the Elderly??
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diminished sense of taste (=not eating as much),avoidance of social events due to hearing loss, dysphagia.
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Grading of Tonsils:
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1+ tonsils are visible;
2+ tonsils are between the pillars and uvula; 3+ tonsils are touching uvula; 4+ one or both tonsils extend to the midline of the oropharynx. |
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Typical changes that occur in the ears and mouth with aging:
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Presbycusis, tastes diminishes, smell dimishes, loss of teeth, saliva decreases
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The primary site of oral cancer:
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on the lateral surfaces of the tongue.
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Examples of benign oral conditions:
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oral hairy leukoplakia;torus mandibularis;scrotal tongue;torus palatinus;Fordyce's spots;hemangioma(of the tongue)
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Prebyscusis:
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hearing loss; generally in older adults
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Ossicles-sound
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malleus, incus,stapes
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cerumen
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wax produced in ear canal
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eustachian tube:
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air channel connecting to middle ear to nasopharynx for equillibrium and air pressure.
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paranasal sinuses
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air filled spaces in cranium bone lines with mucous membranes.
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Stensen's ducts:
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openings from parotid glands just opposite of molars.
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Wharton's ducts:
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openings from submaxillary glands, located on either side of the frenulum.
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