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35 Cards in this Set

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Byzantine Icon depicting Christ as pantokrator, ca. 7th
Century, encaustic, wood, paint, and gold
monotheism
Messiah
Jesus of Nazzareth
One God
the savior messiah= "the annointed one"/ Christ
Iconography
Old Testament
New Testament (Bible)
Gospels
Evangelists
Apostles
Trinity
Peter Paul Rubens, Constantine Decrying the Edict of Milan, 313, ca. mid 17th century,
Oil on canvas
Jewish, Torah Niche Wall Painting, house-synagogue, Dura-Europos, Syria, 244-5 CE, tempera on plaster
*Early Christian, Baptistry of a Christian house-church, Dura-Europos, Syria, b. 256 CE ; Model of walls and baptismal font, w/ fresco decoration, water tank set aside for baptising, christ's miracles on walls, a monumentaal portrayal of the women visiting his tomb about to discover his ressurrection; LUNETTE= semi-circle above baptismal basin w/ good sheppard
*Good Shepherd with Adam and Eve, dtl of wall painting at Dura-Europos (in modern Syria)
syncretisim : the process of combining multiple beliefs into one system. Sometimes the result is a completely new religion
Early Christian, Good Shepherd, Orants, and the Story of Jonah, catacomb of Saints Peter
And Marcellinus, Rome, painted ceiling, late 3rd century lunette (semi-circle above baptismal basin w/ good sheppard), medallion(any round ornament of decoration)
*Early Christian, Good Shepherd, c. 280 CE,
marble; created for a christian home bc it was found w/ sculptures portraying the prophet Jonah
Early Christian, Good Shepherd, c. 4th century, marble
Early Christian, Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, c. 359, marble ; Christ enthroned & Adam and Eve
*Reconstruction of Old St. Peter’s Basilica, Rome, 320-
327 CE/Early Christian ; longitudinal plan church (forecourt/atrium leads to entrance porch/narthex. doorways/portals lead from narthex to congrgational area/nave. Nave can be lit by windows along upper level called CLERESTORY. opposite end of nave=semicircular/apse. sometimes there is a tansept/a wing that croses nave, making building T-shaped.
Byzantium
Justinian and Theodora
(r. 527-65)
caeseropapism
Iconoclasm
*Byzantine, Anthemius and Isidorus, Church of Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey (formerly
Constantinople or Byzantium), c. 532-7, view from the southwest
cathedra ; (means Holy wisdom) designed by two scholar-theoreticians. embodies imperial power & christian glory. Dome provides a golden, light-filled canopy above space. hybrid of longitudinal and central architectural planning. flanking conche= semidomes. dome rests on 4 pendentives (triangular curving wall sections. huge supporting piers
*Interior view of Hagia Sophia, looking into the central dome and pendentives
Byzantine, Virgin Mary with Christ, Constantine, and Justinian, from Hagia Sophia,
Constantinople, c. 10th century, mosaic
Byzantine, Virgin Mary with Christ, Constantine, and Justinian, from Hagia Sophia,
Constantinople, c. 10th century, mosaic
Byzantine, Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy, c. 425-26
Honorius
*Byzantine, The Good Shepherd, mosaic in the lunette over the entrance of Galla
Placidia, c. 425-26 CE; loving, caring, protectiveness, and strength. wealth=sheep/camels. Jesus called hisself the good sheppard. not exclusively christian though.
Byzantine, Exterior, Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, begun in 520 and dedicated in 548n (as a martyrium)
Ostrogoths rule, Bishops Ecclesius and Maximian, Saint Vitalis, octogon dome w 8 surrounding exedrae/semicircular niches
*Plan and cutaway elevation of San
Vitale
*Plan and cutaway elevation of San
Vitale
*Interior, San Vitale, view from the south wall of the sanctuary, Christ enthroned and
flanked by Saint Vitalis and Bishop Ecclesius, mosaic, c. 526-47 ;
*Byzantine, Emperor Justinian and His Attendants, mosaic from the north wall of the apse,
San Vitale, c. 547 ; Justinian (nimbed=halo around head) zaries a golden paten that he is donating to San Vitale for the celebration of the mass( used for Eucharistic bread). at his left, bishop Maximianus holds a jeweled cross & other churchman holds jewel-covered book. government officials on his right.
*Byzantine, Empress Theodora and Her Attendants, mosaic from the south wall of the apse,
San Vitale, c. 547 (Adoration of the Magi); ladies of the court carries a huge, golden, jewel-encrusted chalice for euchrastic wine. Flat surface patterns. no shadows. flattened and 3d
perspective
*Byzantine, Rebecca at the Well, from the Vienna Genesis, early 6th century, tempera on
vellum; manuscript page (folio) comes from a codex (bound book) written in Greek on purple vellum(fine animal skin). Purple=done for an imperial patron. Story= Genesis 24. Rebecca went to get water, filled it, ran into thirsty camel driver, offers him water, he is Abraham's son, Isaac, marries her. metallic words.
Byzantine, Crucifixion and Iconoclasts,
Chludov Psalter, mid 9thc, tempera on
vellum; icons=independent painted panels/manuscript on walls of churches
(ICONOCLASM: "image breaking". the destruction of works of visual art, bc they are inappropriate in religious context)
“Iconoclast Controversy”: in 726 Emperor Leo III initiated policy destroying images of Saints and sacred stories on icons and in chuches, & persecuting those who made them. policy enforced more by Constantine V. some churches feared that the use of images in worship would lead to idolatry & be distracting. saved by iconiphiles but reappears from time to time.
*Virgin and Child with Saints and Angels,
Icon, 2nd half of 6th century, encaustic on
Wood; rare, early icon. Virgin Mary holds Jesus on her lap; she has become his imperial throne.
Iconostasis
Theotokos: Virgin Mary/ bearer of God, also called Seat of idom
Virgin and Child, Icon, ca. 6th or 7th century,
Paint on wood or paper
Virgin of Vladimir, icon, faces only 12th
Century, Constantinople, paint on panel
Byzantine, Crucifixion, Church of the Dormition, Greece, 11th century, mosaic
Byzantine, Monastery of Hosios Loukas, c. 1040, Stiris, Greece
*Byzantine, Interior, Hosios Loukas, c. 1040,
Stiris, Greece; after iconoclasm, bzantine flourished.schism of 1054 divided christianity into Roman Catholic Church in West Europe & Eastern Orthodox Church of Constantinople. Middle Byzantine. An icon screen (iconostasis) seperates sanctuary from congregation.
*Byzantine, Anastasis from the Church of the Monastery of Christ, Chora, Turkey, 1310-21, wall painting; Resurrection of Christ, fills in apse, site of Christ's funeral
mandorla:A pointed oval figure used as an architectural feature and as an aureole enclosing figures such as Christ or the Virgin Mary