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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

% Patients in acute care and in % in long term care

30% and 66%

Mechanical vs Neurological Dysphagia

-structural damages to the oral muscles


-lack of innervation to muscles

Signs of aspiration

-respiratory difficulty


-auscultation (listen with stethoscope)


-moist rales (rattling sounds in breath)

Risks associated with dysphagia

-malnutrition


-dehydration


-choking


-aspiration pneumonia


-bacterial accumulation in mouth -> lungs

4 Phases of swallowing



-Oral prepartatory: chewing and tasting, voluntary


-Oral: bolus is pressed back and down, voluntary


-Pharyngeal phase: involuntary and reflexive, larynx lifts and tilts, epiglottis inverts and seals trachea, larynx closes


-Esophageal phase: UES opens, peristalsis through LES to stomach, involuntary



Diagnosing dysphagia (4 ways)

-clinical assessment of signs and symptoms


-Screening with TOR-BSST


-Bedside swallowing assessment (more thorough)


-videofluoroscopic swallow study w/ barium

3 Types of Dysphagia

Mild: delayed bolus control and transport


Moderate: poor oral transport, pharyngeal stasis, mild aspiration


Severe: substantial aspiration occurs, pt fails to transfer or swallow

Foods to avoid

-stringy like celery or mangoe


-thin liquids like water or ice cream


-mixed consistency foods


-dry crumbly foods


-seeds or nuts


-gum and candies (too much saliva)

5 feeding reccomendations



-sit upright at 60-90* angle, remain for 30 mins after eating


-tucking and turning head.


-use smaller frequent meals


-non-distracting environment


-no straws

Monitoring in Dysphagia

-body wt


-ins: energy, protein, fluid


-outs: urine volume, stool frequency and consistency


-hydration: serum sodium, mucous membranes like eyes and lips


-readiness to advance, ability


-aspiration