Dysphagia

Front 1

_______ include scleroderma or achalasia with chronic heartburn, regurgitation, respiratory problems, or weight loss

Back 1

progressive motility dysphagia

Front 2

_______ occurs when there is a problem with any part of the swallowing process

Back 2

Dysphagia

Front 3

T/F Any condition that weakens or damages the muscles and nerves used for swallowing doesn't cause dysphagia

Back 3

True/False

Front 4

T/F Dysphagia only occur in adults

Back 4

True/False

Front 5

People with swallowing disorders may suffer from __________or dehydration and may be at risk for developing pneumonia

Back 5

weoght loss

Front 6

Swallowing is a complex neuromuscular activity involving rapid coordination of structures in the a)oral cavity, b)phayrnx c) larynx d)esophagus e)all of the above

Back 6

e)all of the above

Front 7

In normal adults, respiration ceases during the process of
___________.

Back 7

deglutition

Front 8

The first two stages are under ____________ control, whereas the second two stages are ___________ being under ________ control.

Back 8

voluntary, involuntary, reflexive

Front 9

Fibers descend through the internal capsule to the ______________ and then to the mesencephalic reticular formation.

Back 9

substantia nigra

Front 10

The brainstem "swallowing center" is thought to be in the ________ between the posterior pole of the facial nucleus and the rostral pole
of the inferior olive.

Back 10

medulla

Front 11

T/F Purpose of oral preparation is to reduce solid food mechanically and mix with saliva to produce a pulverized consistency appropriate for swallowing

Back 11

True

Front 12

Lateral rolling motion of the tongue to position food on
the teeth during mastication is known as___________

Back 12

a neuromuscular action

Front 13

The most important neuromuscular action of the oral preparation stage is the ___________ since it is so extensively involved in the manipulation
and mastication of food, as well as the formation of the food into a cohesive ball at the end of this stage.

Back 13

tongue motion

Front 14

T/FPurpose og the oral phase is to move food from the front of the oral cavity to the anterior faucial arches, where the reflexive swallow is initiated

Back 14

True

Front 15

Tongue makes _________contact anteriorly with alveolar
ridge

Back 15

vertical

Front 16

Larynx closes at three different levels during
swallowing to prevent __________.

Back 16

aspiration.

Front 17

Upper esophageal sphincter(UES) made up of cricopharyngeus attached to the ________.

Back 17

cricoid cartilage.

Front 18

a. relaxation of UES to ENABLE opening
b. upward, forward movement of larynx which is believed
to be most important in opening the cricopharyngeal
sphincter.
c. bolus pressure increases the width of UES opening

Back 18

are factors that contribute to the UES

Front 19

How long does the pharyngeal phase last?

Back 19

C)Lasts less than one second

Front 20

T/F The purpose of the pharyngeal stage is to transport the food bolus from the UES to the stomach

Back 20

False

Front 21

Esophageal stage lasts how long?

Back 21

8-20

Front 22

Airway closure duration and cricopharyngeal opening duration increases with increasing _______ and viscosity

Back 22

bolus volume

Front 23

Name 1 age affects on swallowing for infants

Back 23

Suckle feeding: multiple tongue-pumping of small amounts of liquid from nipple which collects in posterior oral cavity and valleculae before pharyngeal swallow occurs.

Front 24

Name 2 age affects on swalling for adults

Back 24

1.. Slight increase in time required to trigger reflexive
swallow (0.4 sec)
2. Oral transit time and cricopharyngeal opening time
slightly prolonged

Front 25

Disorders of mastication include

Back 25

1. reduced range of tongue motion
2. reduced buccal tension/buccal scarring
3. poor maxillary/mandibular alignment
4. poor dentition/mandibular defects
5. disorders involved in muscles of mastication