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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Schizophreniform disorder
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A.2+ of the following for at least one month (1, 2, or 3).
1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech 4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior 5. negative sympotms. B. duration = between 1 and 6 months C. ruled out schizoaffective, MDD, BD D. not due to substance or medical condition. Specifiers: with(out) good prognostic features, with catatonia |
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Schizophrenia
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A. 2+ for 1 month (1, 2, or 3)
1. delusions 2. hallucinations 3. disorganized speech 4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior 5. negative symptoms B. Level of fx in one or more major life areas is below premorbid level. C. continuous signs of disturbance for 6 months (may include prodromal or residual phases) D. Schizoaffective and MDD and BP have been ruled out E. Not because of substance or medical condition F. If history of autism, make additional diagnosis only if prominent delusions or hallucinations |
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Schizoaffective disorder
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A. Major mood episode concurrent with criterion A of schizophrenia
B. delusions or hallucinations for 2+ weeks in the absence of a major mood episode C. Symptoms are present for the majority of the total active and residual portions D. not due to substance or medical condition Specifiers: bipolar type, depressive type, with catatonia |
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Catatonia associated with another mental disorder (catatonia specifier)
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3+ of the following:
1. stupor 2. catalespy 3. waxy flexibility 4. mutism 5. negativism 6. posturing 7. mannerism 8. stereotypy 9. agitation, not influenced by external stimuli 10. grimacing 11. echolalia 12. echopraxia |
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Bipolar I disorder
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meet criteria for a manic episode. Manic episode may or may not have been preceded by or followed by a hypomanic or major depressive episode.
not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, any other psychotic disorder specifiers: anxious distress, mixed features, rapid cycling, melancholic features, atypical features, mood-(in)congruent psychotic features, catatonia, peripartum onset, seasonal pattern |
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Manic episode
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A. abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy lasting at least 1 week and present most of the day, nearly every day
B. 3+ of the following symptoms that mark a change in behavior. 1. inflated self-esteem or grandiosity 2. decreased need for sleep 3. more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking 4. flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing 5. distractibility 6. increase in goal-directed activity 7. excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences C. mood disturbance is sever to cause marked impairment or to necessitate hospitalization D. Not due to substance or medical condition |
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Hypomanic episode
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A. abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy lasting at least 4 days and present most of the day, nearly every day
B. 3+ of the following symptoms that mark a change in behavior. 1. inflated self-esteem or grandiosity 2. decreased need for sleep 3. more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking 4. flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing 5. distractibility 6. increase in goal-directed activity 7. excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences C. Change in fx that is uncharacteristic of individual D. Disturbance in mood and change in fx are observable by others E. NOT severe enough to cause marked impairment or to necessitate hospitalization F. Not attributable to substance |
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Major depressive episode
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A. 5+ of the following during the same 2 week period and represent a change in fx (at least 1 = 1 or 2)
1. depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day 2. markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities 3. significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain or decrease/increase in appetite 4. insomnia or hypersomnia 5. psychomotor agitation or retardation 6. fatigue or loss of energy 7. feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt 8. diminished ability to think or concentrate or indecisiveness 9. recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan B. Causes distress or impairment C. Not due to a substance or medical condition |
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Bipolar II disorder
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A.Current or past hypomanic episode and a current or past major depressive episode
B. Never had a manic episode C. not better explained by psychotic disorder D. Symptoms of depression or unpredictability of alteration between periods of depression and hypomania causes distress or impairement specifiers: anxious distress, mixed features, rapid cycling, melancholic features, atypical features, mood-(in)congruent psychotic features, catatonia, peripartum onset, seasonal pattern |
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Cyclothymia
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A. at least 2 years numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms that don't meet criteria and numbers period with depressive symptoms that don't meet criteria
B. present at least half the time and not been without for more than 2 months at a time C. criteria for MD, manic, or hypomanic criteria never met. D. not better explained by psychotic disorder E. not due to substance or medical condition specifiers: anxious distress |
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Major depressive disorder
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A. 5+ of the following during the same 2 week period and represent a change in fx (at least 1 = 1 or 2)
1. depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day 2. markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities 3. significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain or decrease/increase in appetite 4. insomnia or hypersomnia 5. psychomotor agitation or retardation 6. fatigue or loss of energy 7. feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt 8. diminished ability to think or concentrate or indecisiveness 9. recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan B. Causes distress or impairment C. Not due to a substance or medical condition D. not better explained by a psychotic disorder E. never been a manic or hypomanic episode specifiers: anxious distress, mixed features, rapid cycling, melancholic features, atypical features, mood-(in)congruent psychotic features, catatonia, peripartum onset, seasonal pattern |
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Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
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A. depressed mood most of the day, for more days than not, for at least 2 years
B. 2 + 1. poor appetite or overeating 2. insomnia or hypersomnia 3. low energy or fatigue 4. low self-esteem 5. poor concentration or difficulty making decisions 6. feelings of hopelessness C. never been without symptoms for more than 2 months at a time D. criteria for MDD may be continuously present for 2 years E. never been manic or hypomanic episode F. not better explained by a psychotic disorder G. not due to substance or medical condition H. causes distress or impairment specifiers: anxious distress, mixed features, rapid cycling, melancholic features, atypical features, mood-(in)congruent psychotic features, catatonia, peripartum onset, seasonal pattern |
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Specific phobia
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A. marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation
B. object/situation provokes immediate fear or anxiety C. actively avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety D. out of proportion to actual danger posed by specific object E. persistent - lasting 6 months F. distress and impairment G. not better explained by another disorder specifiers: animal, natural enviornment, blood, injection, injury, situational, other |
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Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
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A. marked fear or anxiety in one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others
B. fear that they will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be negatively evaluated C. social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety D. social situations are avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety E. out of proportion to actual threat F. persistent - 6 months G. distress and impairment H. not due to substance or medical condition I. not better explained by another mental disorder J. if there is some clear condition, fear is out excessive or unrelated |
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Panic disorder
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A. recurrent unexpected panic attacks. Abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes and has 4+:
1. palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate 2. sweating 3. trembling or shaking 4. sensations of shortness of breath or smothering 5. feelings of choking 6. chest pain or discomfort 7. nausea or abdominal distress 8. chills or heat sensations 9. paresthesias (numbness or tingling) 10. derealization or depersonalization 12. fear of losing control or going crazy 13. fear of dying B. at least one of the attacks followed by a month of 1. persistent concern or worry about additional panic attacks 2. significant maladaptive change in behavior related to the attacks and designed to avoid having panic attacks C. not due to substance or medical condition D. not better explained by another mental disorder |
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Agoraphobia
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A. marked fear or anxiety about 2+:
1. using public transportation 2. being in open spaces 3. being in enclosed spaces 4. standing in line or being in a crowd 5. being outside of the home alone B. avoids these situations because of thoughts that escape might be difficult or help might not be available in the event of developing panic-like symptoms C. situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety D. actively avoided E. out of proportion to actual danger posed F. persistent - 6 months G. distress and impairment H. if medical condition, fear is excessive or unrelated I. not better explained by another mental disorder |
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Generalized anxiety disorder
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A. excessive anxiety or worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months
B. difficult to control the worry C. 3+: 1. restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge 2. being easily faigued 3. difficulty concentrating or mind going blank 4. irritability 5. muscle tension 6. sleep disturbance D. distress or impairment E. not due to substance or medical condition F. not better explained by another mental disorder |
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder
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A. presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both
Obsessions: 1. recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are intrusive and unwanted and that cause anxiety or distress 2. attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts, urges, or images or to neutralize them Compulsions: 1. repetitive behaviors or mental acts that you feel driven to do in response to an obsession or rules 2. aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or distress or preventing some dreaded event or situation B. o/c are time consuming or cause distress or impairment C. not due to substances or a medical disorder D. not better explained by another mental disorder |
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Body dysmorphic disorder
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A. preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance
B. performed repetitive or mental acts in response C. distress or impairment D. not better explained by eating disorder specifiy: muscle dysmorphia |
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Posttraumatic stress disorder
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A. exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence in 1+ ways:
1. direct experience 2. witnessing event 3. learning event occurred to a close family member or friend 4. experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of event B. presence of 1+ intrusion symptoms: 1. recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive distressing memories of event 2. distressing dreams in which content/affect are related to event 3. dissociative reactions - feels like event is recurring 4. intense or prolonged psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the event 5. physiological reactions to internal or external cues C. persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the event 1. avoidance or efforts to avoid distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings 2. avoidance or efforts to avoid external reminders D. negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with event - 2+: 1. inability to remember an important aspect of the event 2. persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs or expectations about oneself, others, or the world 3. persistent distorted cognitions about the cause or consequences of event 4. persistent negative emotional state 5. markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities 6. feelings of detachment or estrangement from others. 7. persistent inability to experience positive emotions E. marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event - 2+: 1. irritable behavior or angry outbursts 2. reckless or self-destructive behavior 3. hypervigilance 4. exaggerated startle response 5. problems with concentration 6. sleep disturbance F. duration is more than one month G. distress and impairment H. not due to substance or medical condition specify: with dissociative symptoms (depersionalization or derealization) or with delayed expression |
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Dissociative identity disorder
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A. disruption of identity characterized by 2+ distinct personality states, which may be described in some cultures as an experience of possession. marked discontinuity in sense of self and sense of agency, accompanied by related alteration in perception, cognition, affect, behavior, consciousness, memory, and/or sensory-motor fx.
B. recurrent gaps in the recall of everyday events, important personal info, and/or traumatic events not consistent with ordinary forgetting C. distress and impairment D. not a normal part of a broadly accepted cultural or religious practice E. not due to substance or medical condition |
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Dissociative amnesia
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A. inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is not consistent with ordinary forgetting
B. distress and impairment C. not due to substance or neurological or medical condition D. not better explained by DID, PTSD, ASD, somatic symptom disorder, or neurocognitive disorders specify: with dissociative fugue |
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Depersonalization/derealization disorder
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A. persistent or recurrent experiences of deperson or dereal or both
Depersonalization: experiences of unreality, detachment, or being an outside observer with respect to one's thoughts, feelings, sensations, body, or actions Derealization: experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings B. during deperson or dereal experiences, reality testing remains intact C. distress or impairment D. not due to substance or medical condition E. not better explained by another mental disorder |
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Anorexia nervosa
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A. restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, leading to a significantly low body weight in the context of age, sex, developmental trajectory, and physical health.
B. Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat or persistent behavior that interferes with weight gain, even thought at a significantly low weight. C. Disturbance in the way in which one's body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or persistent lack of recognition of the seriousness of the current low body weight coding: restricting type, binge-eating/purging type |
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Bulimia nervosa
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A. recurrent episodes of binge eating. characterized by both:
1. eating, in a discrete period of time an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most individuals would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances 2. sense of lack of control over eating during the episode B. recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors in order to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications; fasting or excessive exercise C. the binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors both occur, on average, at least once a week for 3 months D. self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight E. the disturbance does not occur exclusively during episodes of AN |
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Binge-eating disorder
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A. recurrent episodes of binge eating. characterized by both:
1. eating, in a discrete period of time an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most individuals would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances 2. sense of lack of control over eating during the episode B. the binge-eating episode is associated with 3+: 1. eating much more rapidly than normal 2. eating until feeling uncomfortably full 3. eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry 4. eating alone because of feeling embarrassed by how much one is eating 5. feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or very guilty afterward C. distress regarding binge eating D. occurs at least once a week for 3 months E. not associated with use of inappropriate compensatory behaviors and does not occur exclusively in the course of AN or BN |
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Gender dysphoria
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Adolescents and Adults:
A. marked incongruence between one's experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender. Duration of at least 6 months and manifested by 2+: 1. marked incongruence between one's experience/expressed gender and primary or secondary sex characteristics 2. a strong desire to be rid of one's primary and/or second sex characteristics because of incongruence 3. a strong desire for the primary and/or second sex characteristics of the other gender 4. a strong desire to be of the other gender 5. a strong desire to be treated as the other gender 6. a strong conviction that one has typical feelings and reactions of the other gender B. distress or impairment specify: with a disorder of sex development or posttransition |
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Substance use disorder
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A.problematic pattern of use leading to distress or impairment as manifested by at least 2+ over 12 months:
1. sub is taken in larger amounts or over longer period than intended 2. persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down on or control use 3. great deal of time spent in activities necessary to obtain, use, or recover from substance 4. craving or a strong desire or urge to use sub 5. recurrent use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations 6. continued use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems 7. important activities given up or reduced because of use 8. recurrent use in situations where it is physically hazardous 9. use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by substance 10. tolerance as defined by either a: need for markedly increased amounts to achieve intoxication or desired effect b: markedly diminished effect with continued use of same amount 11. withdrawal as defined by either: a: characteristic withdrawal syndrome for substance b: substance or closely related substance is taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms |
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Paranoid PD
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A. a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent,"", beginning in early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts at indicated by 4+:
1. suspects without sufficient basis that others are exploiting, harming, or deceiving him or her 2. preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends or associates 3. reluctant to confide in others bc of unwarrented fear that th einfo will be used maliciously against them 4. reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events 5. persistently bears grudges 6. perceives attacks on his or her character or reputation that are not apparent to others and is quick to react angrily or to counterattack 7. has recurrent suspicious without justification regarding fidelity of spouse or sexual partner B. not due to a psychotic disorder or another medical condition |
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Schizoid PD
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A. a pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning in early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by 4+:
1. neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including familial 2. almost always chooses solitary activities 3. has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person 4. take pleasure in few, if any, activities 5. lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives 6. appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others 7. shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity B. does not occur exclusively in course of psychotic disorder and not due to another medical condition |
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Schizotypal PD
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A. pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts as present by 5+:
1. ideas of reference 2. odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms 3. unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions 4. odd thinking and speech 5. suspciousness or paranoid ideation 6. inappropriate or constricted affect 7. behavior or appearance that is odd, eccentric, or peculiar 8. lack of close friends or confidants other than first degree relatives 9. excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about self B. not exclusively during course of psychotic disorder or ASD |
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Antisocial PD
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A. a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occurring since age 15 and indicated by 3+:
1. failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors, as indicated by repeatedly performing acts that are grounds for arrest 2. deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated lying, use of aliases, or conning other for personal profit or pleasure 3. impulsivity or failure to plan ahead 4. irritability and aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated physical fights or assaults 5. reckless disregard for safety of self or others 6. consistent irresponsibility, as indicated by repeated failure to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial obligations 7. lack of remorse, as indicated by being indifferent to or rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another B. at least 18 years old C. evidence of conduct disorder with onset before 15 D. not exclusively during course of schizophrenia or bipolar |
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Borderline PD
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A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects and marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by 5+:
1. frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment 2. a pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation 3. identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self 4. impulsivity in at least 2 areas that are potentially self-damaging 5. recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats or self-mutilating behavior 6. affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood 7. chronic feelings of emptiness 8. inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger 9. transient stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms |
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Histrionic PD
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A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by 5+:
1. is uncomfortable in situations where not center of attention 2. interaction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior 3. displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions 4. consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self 5. has a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail 6. shows self-dramatization theatricality, and exaggerated expression of emotion 7. is suggestible 8. considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are |
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Narcissistic PD
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A pervasive pattern of grandiosity. need for admiration, and lack of empathy beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts as indicated by 5+:
1. has a grandiose sense of self-importance 2. is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love 3. believes that they are "special" and unique and can only be understood by or should associate with other special or high-status people 4. requires excessive admiration 5. has a sense of entitlement 6. is interpersonally exploitative 7. lack empathy: is unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings and needs of others 8. is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of them 9. shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes |
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Avoidant PD
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pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts as indicated by 4+:
1. avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact because of fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection 2. is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked 3. shows restraint within intimate relationships because of the fear of being shamed or ridiculed 4. is preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations 5. is inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy 6. views self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others 7. is usually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in any new activities because they may prove embarrassing |
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Dependent PD
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pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behaviors and fears of separation, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts as indicated by 5+:
1. has difficulty making everyday decisions without an excessive amount of advice and reassurance from others 2. needs other to assume responsibility for most major areas of his or her life 3. has difficulty expressing disagreement with others because of fear of loss or support or approval 4. has difficulty initiating projects or doing things on his or her own (because of a lack of self-confidence) 5. goes to excessive lengths to obtain nuturance and support from others to the point of volunteering to do things that are unpleasant 6. feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone because of exaggerated fears of being able to care for self 7. urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support when a close relationship ends 8. is unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of himself or herself |
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Obsessive-compulsive PD
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a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by 4+:
1. is preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or schedules to the extent that the major point of the activity is lost 2. shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion 3. is excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendships 4. is overconscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values 5. is unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value 6. is reluctant to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they submit to exactly their way of doing things 7. adopts a miserly spending style toward both self and others; money is viewed as something to be hoarded for future catastrophes 8. shows rigidity and stubbornness |
