Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aerosolization |
The conversion of a liquid into a fine mist or colloidal suspension in air |
|
Antitussive |
A drug that inhibits or suppresses the cough reflex
|
|
Bronchoconstriction |
Narrowing of the bronchi and bronchioles, which results in increased airway resistance and decreased airflow |
|
Bronchodilation |
Widening lumen of bronchi and bronchioles, which results form relaxation of smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchioes and bronchi. airway resistance is decreased, and airflow is increased
|
|
Decongestant |
A substance that reduces the swelling of mucous membranes |
|
Expectorant |
A drug that enhances the expulsion of secretions from the respiratory tract
|
|
Humidification |
Addition of moisture to the air
|
|
IgA |
Class of antibody produced on mucous membrane surfaces, such as those of the respiratory tract
|
|
Inspissated |
Thickened or dried out
|
|
Mucolytic |
Having the ability to break down mucus
|
|
Nebulization |
The process of converting liquid medications into a spray that can be carried into the respiratory system by inhaled air
|
|
Nonproductive cough |
A cough that does not result in coughing up of mucus, secretions, or debris |
|
productive cough |
A cough that results in coughing up of mucus, secretions, or debris |
|
Reverse sneeze |
Aspiration reflex-short periods of noisy inspiratory effort in dogs
|
|
Surfactant |
A mixture of phospholipids secreted by type II alveolar cells that reduce surface tension in pulmonary fluids |
|
Viscid |
Sticky
|
|
What defense does the nasal cavity provide |
Hair filters out large particulate matter Turbinates provide large surface area for warming and humidifying inspired air |
|
What are the protective reflexes |
Cough Sneeze Revers sneeze Laryngospasm Bronchospasm |
|
What are the mucociliary clearance defense |
Mucous Cilia Macrophages and immunoglobulin |
|
What are the principles of respiratory therapy |
Control of secretions Control of reflexes Maintain normal airflow to the alveoli |
|
What drugs will decrease production (remove cause) |
Antibiotics Antifungals Antiparasitics |
|
What drugs will increase elimination (decrease viscosity) |
Expectorants Nebulization Mucolytics |
|
What drugs suppress nonproductive cough |
Antitussives Bronchodilators |
|
What controls sneezing |
Removal of offending material Vasoconstrictors |
|
What drugs controls bronchospasm |
Bronchodilators Corticosteroids |
|
How do you maintain normal airflow to alveoli |
Revers bronchoconstriction Remove edema or mucus Provide oxygen therapy Ventilation |
|
Aerosoliztion is also called |
Nebulization |
|
Nebulization allows |
delivery of drugs at high concentrations directly into airways while minimizing blood levels
|
|
Aerosolization reduces the chance of |
Toxicity |
|
What are expectorants |
Drugs that liquefy and dilute viscid secretions |
|
How are expectorants administered |
PO Parenterally Inhalation |
|
When are expectorants used |
When a productive cough is present |
|
Guaifenesin can treat |
Cough symptoms related to upper respiratory tract conditions |
|
What are the side effects of Guaifenesin |
Nausea Drowsiness |
|
Acetylcysteine is a |
mucolytic |
|
How does acetylcysteine work |
Decreases viscosity by altering chemical composition of mucus through breakdown of chemical bonds |
|
How is acetylcysteine administered |
Nebulization PO |
|
Acetylcysteine is an antidote |
For acetaminophen toxicity |
|
What are the adverse effects of acetylcysteine |
Nausea Vomiting |
|
Antitussives are |
centrally acting agents |
|
Butorphanol Tartrate is used for |
relief of chronic nonproductive cough in dogs |
|
Butorphanol Tartrate can also be used as |
Preanesthetic Analgesic |
|
What are the adverse side effects of Butorphanol Tartrate |
Sedation Ataxia |
|
Hydrocodone Bitartrate is used to treat |
A harsh, nonproductive cough |
|
What are the side effects of Hydrocodone Bitartrate |
Sedation Constipation GI upset |
|
Codeine is used as |
An antitussive agent |
|
What are the side effects of Codeine |
Sedation Constipation |
|
Dextromethorphan is a |
nonnarcotic antitussive |
|
What are the adverse side effects of Dextromethorphan |
Drowsiness GI upset |
|
Temaril-P is a combination of |
Antitussive and corticosteroid |
|
What is Temaril-P used for |
Antitussive Antipuritic |
|
What are the side effects of Temaril-P |
Sedation Depression Hypotension Minor CNS signs |
|
Bronchoconstriction results from |
Acetylcholine release at parasympathetic nerve endings Stimulation of H1 histamine receptors Blockade of beta-2 -adrenergic receptors |
|
Bronchodilators are |
Cholinergic blockers |
|
These drugs can be used In cases of OP or carbamate toxicity to prevent bronchoconstriction |
Atropine Aminopentaminde Glycopyrrolate |
|
Ipratropium bromid and synthetic anticholinergic are used to treat |
EPOD |
|
What is EPOD |
Equine pulmonary obstruction disorder |
|
Antihistamines are used to block the effects of |
Histamine |
|
Antihistamine does not replace |
histamine already combined with receptors |
|
Antihistamines are used for |
Equine heaves Pneumonia in cattle Feline asthma Insect bites |
|
Antihistamines generally end with |
-amine |
|
What are the adverse effects of antihistamines |
Sedation GI effects |
|
Beta-2-Adrenergic antagonists cause |
relaxation of the bronchi |
|
Beta-2-Adrenergic antagonists may produce |
tachycardia Hypertension |
|
What are examples of Beta-2-Adrenergic antagonists |
Epinephrine Albuterol Cleanbuterol Terbutaline |
|
Methylzanthines inhibit |
Phosphodiesterase |
|
Phosphodiesterase is an |
enzyme in smooth muscle cells that inhibits cyclic AMP |
|
Examples of Methylexamines |
Aminophlline Theophylline Caffeine Theobromine |
|
What are the side effects fo Methylexamines |
GI upset CNS stimulation Tachycardia Ataxia Arrhythmia |
|
Decongestants work by |
Vasodilation |
|
Decongestants are used in |
Feline upper respiratory tract disease |
|
What are some examples of Decongestants |
Ephedrine Pseudoephedrine Phenylpropanolamine Oxymetazoline |
|
Corticosteroids are _______ ________ use in treating respiratory disease |
Short term |
|
Corticosteroids have a strong |
Antiinflammatory effects |
|
What are some examples of corticosteroids |
Temaril-P Flo Vent |
|
Temaril-P is also called |
Prednisolone sodium succinate |
|
Flo Vent is also called |
Fluticasone propionate |
|
Diuretics can treat |
Pulmonary edema |
|
Naloxone stimulates respiration in |
Narcotic OD |
|
Yobine stimulates respirations in |
Xylazien OD |