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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Seven groups of corticosteroids?
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corticosteroids, inhalation
corticosteroids, nasal corticosteroids, ophthalmic corticosteroids, systemic (intermediate-acting) corticosteroids, systemic (long-acting) corticosteroids, topical/local |
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Five inhalation corticosteroids?
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beclomethasone
budesonide flunisolide fluticasone triamcinolone |
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Six nasal corticosteroids?
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beclomethasone
budesonide flunisolide fluticasone mometasone triamcinolone |
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Six ophthalmic corticosteroids?
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dexamethasone
flurometholone loteprednol medrysone prednisolone rimexolone |
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Two short-acting systemic corticosteroids?
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cortisone
hydrocortisone |
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Four intermediate-acting systemic corticosteroids?
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methylprednisolone
prednisolone prednisone triamcinolone |
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Three long-acting systemic corticosteroids?
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betamethasone
budesonide dexamethasone |
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Twenty topical/local corticosteroids?
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alclometasone
amcinonide betamethasone clobetasol clocortolone desonide desoximetasone dexamethasone diflorasone fluocinolone fluocinonide flurandrenolide fluticasone halcinonide halobetasol hydrocortisone methylprednisolone mometasone prednicarbate triamcinolone |
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Corticosteroids are used in SMALL replacement doses (20mg of hydrocortisone or equivalent) systematically to treat _____ ______.
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adrenocortical insufficiency
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LARGER doses are usually used for their (3) activity?
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antiinflammatory
immunosuppressive antineoplastic |
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Corticosteroids are used adjunctively in many other situations, including? (2)
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hypercalcemia
autoimmune diseases |
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Topical corticosteroids are used in the chronic management of?
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reversible airway disease
(asthma) |
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Intranasal and ophthalmic corticosteroids are used in the management of?
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chronic allergies
inflammation |
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Corticosteroids produce profound and varied 1_____ effects, in addition to modifying the normal 2_____ response and suppressing 3______.
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1 metabolic
2 immune 3 inflammation |
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Corticosteroids are available in a variety of dosage forms including? (4)
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oral
injectable topical inhalation |
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Prolonged use of large amounts of topical or inhaled agent may result in 1_____ ______ and/or 2____ _____.
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1 systemic absorption
2 adrenal suppression |
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Contraindications?
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Serious infections (except for certain forms of meningitis.
Do not administer live vaccines to patients on larger doses. |
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Prolonged treatment will result in ____ suppression.
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adrenal
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Do no discontinue _____.
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abruptly
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Additional doses may be needed during stress (2 examples)?
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surgery
infection |
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Safety in pregnancy and lactation not established.
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okay
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Long-term use in children will result in (increased, decreased) growth.
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decreased
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May mask signs of _____.
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infection
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Use lowest dose possible for _____ time possible.
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shortest
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Alternate day therapy is preferable during ____-term treatment.
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long
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Additive ______ with amphotericin B, potassium-losing diuretics, mezlocillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin
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hypokalemia
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Hypokalemia may incrase the risk of _____ toxicity.
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digoxin
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May increase requirements for ____ or oral hypoglycemic agents.
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insulin
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Phenytoin, phenobarbital, and rifampin stimulate metabolism and may (increase, decrease effectiveness
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decrease
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Oral contraceptives may block ______.
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metabolism
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Cholestyramine and colestipol may (increase, decrease) absorption.
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decrease
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Cholestyramine and colestipol may (increase, decrease) absorption.
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decrease
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Cholestyramine and colestipol may (increase, decrease) absorption.
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decrease
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Corticosteroids are indicated for many conditions. Assess involved systems prior to and periodically throughout course of therapy. Assess patient for signs of _____ _____ prior to and periodically throughout course of therapy.
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adrenal insufficiency
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What are the symptoms of adrenal insufficiency? (9)
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hypotension
weight loss weakness nausea vomiting anorexia lethargy confusion restlessness |
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Children should have periodic evaluations of ____.
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growth
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List 3 potential nursing diagnoses?
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Infection, risk for
Knowledge, deficient, related to disease processes and medication regimen Body image |
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IMPLEMENTATION:
If dose is ordered daily or every other day, administer in the morning to coincide with the body's normal secretion of _____. |
cortisol
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IMPLEMENTATION:
PO: Administer with ____ to minimize gastric irritation. |
meals
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Emphasize need to take medication exactly as directed. Review symptoms of ____ _____ that may occur when stopping the medication and that may be life-threatening.
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adrenal insufficiency
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Encourage patients on long-term thrapy to eat a diet (high, low) in protein, calcium, and potassium and (high, low) in sodium and carbohydrates.
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high
low |
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These drugs cause immunosuppression and may mask symptoms of 1_____. Instruct patient to avoid people with known 2_____ illnesses and to report possible infections. Advise patient to consult hcp before receiving any 3_____.
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1 infection
2 contagious 3 vaccinations |
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Discuss possible effects on body image. Explore coping mechanisms.
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okay
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Advise patient to carry id in the event of an emergency in which patient cannot relate medical history.
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okay
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EVALUATION:
Effectiveness of therapy can be demonstrated by? Suppression of the inflammatory and immune responses in 3 conditions? |
autoimmune disorders
allergic reactions organ transplants |
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EVALUATION:
Effectiveness of therapy can be demonstrated by? Replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency and resolution of 3 things? |
skin inflammation
pruritis other dermatologic conditions |
