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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name 9 calcium channel blockers?
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amlodipine
bepridil diltiazem felodipine isradipine nicardipine nifedipine nisoldipine verapamil |
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amlodipine?
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Norvasc
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bepridil?
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Bepadin
Vascor |
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diltiazem?
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Cardizem
CartiaXT Dilacor XR Diltia XT Nu-Diltiaz Tiamate Tiazac |
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felodipine?
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Plendil
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isradipine?
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DynaCirc
DynaCirc CR |
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nicardipine?
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Cardene
Cardene SR Cardene IV |
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nifedipine?
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Adalat
Adalat CC Nifedical XL Procardia Procardia XL |
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Calcium channel blockers are used in the treatment of? (4)
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hypertension
treatment and prophylaxis of angina pectoris or coronary artery spasm antiarrhthymics (verapamil and diltiazem) prevent neurologic damage (nimodipine) |
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CCBs used in the treatment of hypertension include? (8)
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amlodipine
diltiazem felodipine isradipine nicardipine nifedipine verapamil |
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CCBs used in the treatment and prophylaxis of angina pectoris or coronary artery spasm?
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amlodipine
diltiazem felodipine nicardipine verapamil |
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Which two CCBs are used as antiarrhythmics? (2)
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verapamil
diltiazem |
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Which CCB is used to prevent neurologic damage due to certain types of cerebral vasospasm?
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nimodipine
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How do calcium channel blockers work?
They block calcium into cells of vascular 1____ muscle and 2____. They dilate 3_____ arteries in both normal and ischemic myocardium and inhibit coronary artery 4_____. |
1 smooth
2 myocardium 3 coronary 4 spasm |
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Which 2 agents decrease AV conduction?
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diltiazem
verapamil |
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Which agent has a relatively selective effect on cerebral blood vessels?
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nimodipine
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Contraindications?
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hypersensitivity
bradycardia 2nd degree heart block 3rd degree heart block uncompensated CHF (verapamil) |
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Precautions?
Safety in pregnancy and lactation not established. Use cautiously in patients with liver disease or uncontrolled ______. |
arrhythmias
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Interactions?
There is additive _____ depression with beta blockers and disopyramide (diltiazem and verapamil). |
myocardial
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Effectiveness may be decreased by 1_____ or 2____ and increased by 3____ or 4_____.
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1 phenobarbital
2 phenytoin 3 propranolol 4 cimetidine |
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Which 2 agents may increase serum DIGOXIN levels and cause TOXICITY?
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verapamil
diltiazem |
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What 4 major cardiac conditions should nurse assess for while patient on CCBs?
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angina
arrhythmias cerebral vasospasms CHF |
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What other things should be monitored for while on CCBs?
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blood pressure
pulse I & O daily weight |
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What are the symptoms of CHF?
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dyspnea
rales/crackles weight gain peripheral edema jugular venous distention |
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What should be assessed when monitoring angina while on CCBs?
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frequency of episodes
severity of episodes of chest pain |
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What should be assessed when monitoring arrhthmias while patient is on CCBs?
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ECG should be monitored
continuously during IV therapy and periodically during long-term therapy with verapamil |
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What should be assessed with cerebral vasospasms?
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assess patient's neurological status (level of consciousness, movement) before and periodically during therapy with nimodipine
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List 3 potential nursing diagnoses?
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Tissue perfusion, ineffective
Pain, acute Knowledge, deficient, related to disease processes and medication regimen |
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IMPLEMENTATION:
May be administered without regard to ____ . Do not open, crush, or chew _____-____ capsules. |
meals
sustained-release |
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Instruct patient to continue taking medication, even if
feeling well. |
okay
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Caution patient to make position changes slowly to minimize _____ _____. Advise patient that exercising or ____ weather may enhance hypotensive effects.
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orthostatic hypotension
hot |
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Instruct patient on the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene and seeing dentist frequently for teeth cleaning ot prevent which 3 conditions?
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tenderness
bleeding gingival hyperplasia (gum enlargement) |
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Advise patient to consult hcp before taking any ____ medications or herbal/alternative therapies, esp cold remedies.
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OTC
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Advise patient to advice hcp of medication regimen prior to treatment surgery.
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okay
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Advise patient to carry id describing disease process and medication regimen at all times.
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okay
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Emphasize the importance of follow-up exams to monitor progress.
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okay
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Two major conditions to ASSESS for when taking CCBs are?
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angina
hypertension |
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When ASSESSING patient for angina, instruct patients on concurrent ____ therapy to continue taking both medications as directed and using ___ ____ as needed for anginal attacks.
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nitrate
SL nitro |
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When ASSESSING patient for angina, advise patient to contact hcp if chest pain worsens or does not improve after therapy, or is accompanied by 1_____ or 2_____ of breath, or if severe, persistent 3____ occurs. Caution patient to discuss exercise precautions with hcp prior to exertion.
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1 diaphoresis
2 shortness 3 headache |
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When ASSESSING patient for hypertension, encourage patient to comply with additional interventions for hypertension which include (6).
Medication controls but does not cure hypertension. |
weight reduction
low-sodium diet regular exercise smoking cessation moderation of alcohol consumption stress management |
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Instruct patient and family on proper technique for monitoring ____ _____. Advise them to check blood pressure weekly and report significant changes to hcp.
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blood pressure
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EVALUATION
Effectiveness of therapy can be demonstrated by? Decrease in 1_____ _____. Decrease in frequency and severity of 2_____ attacks. Decrease need for 3_____ therapy. Increase in activity tolerance and sense of well-being. Suppression and prevention of supraventricular 4______. Improvement in neurological deficits due to vasospasm following 5______ hemorrhage. |
1 blood pressure
2 anginal 3 nitrate 4 tacharrhythmias 5 subarachnoid |
