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134 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is meant by the “Day of the Lord” in prophetic literature?
in Isaiah.
1. when the Lord will come to punish sin and deliver his faithful people.
2. message emphasizes hope and God's deliverance from Babylonian Exile
Know the six major themes of Isaiah’s preaching.
1. holiness of God - "Holy One of Israel"
2. sovereignty of God - revealed in creation, hardening of unrepentant Israel, control over the nations, greatness, use of a heathen conqueror to accomplish His purposes.
3. Messiah - seen as Immanuel, Wonderful Counselor, Prince of Peace, the Branch from stem of Jesse, etc.
4. the Remnant - core of the faithful who would form the nucleus of a restored Israel.
5. New Zion and future Messianic Kingdom - in a vision.
6. Need for faith and dependence upon God as opposed to dependence upon human resources or plans.: evident in Israel's worship that is not just external ritual.
In which chapter of Isaiah would you find the account of God calling Isaiah to be a prophet?
6
In which chapter of Isaiah would you find the Immanuel passage applied by Matthew to the birth of Jesus?
7
In which chapter of Isaiah would you find the oracle against the king of Babylon described in terms often thought to be indicative of the fall of Satan?
14
This prophet is characterized by the use of the term “the Holy One of Israel.”
Isaiah
Know the difference in focus between chapters 1-39 and 40-66 in Isaiah
1-39 - Judah's sin, pre-Exilic judgment.
40-66 - message of hope, Israel's glorious future, eschatological
This prophet, almost two hundred years before the event, predicted by name Cyrus, the Persian king who allowed the Jews to return from their exile in Babylon.
Isaiah
What are the “Servant Songs” of Isaiah? Where would you find them in the book?
1. Isaiah desribes a servant whom the Lord will raise up, and what a good servant of the Lord should be, since the Kings and the people are not doing this.
2. Description of a servant who is obedient, goes through suffering, restores Israel, bring about forgiveness
3. Fulfilled through Jesus

Found in chapters 42-53
Who?
1.The king of Judah that was threatened to join the anti-Assyrian alliance with Damascus and Israel. He was scared and thought of sending this info to Assyria to get favor from them.
2. Isaiah challenged him to trust in God rather than Assyria.
3. Isaiah predicted the threat to Judah from Damascus and Israel.
Book: Isaiah
Ahaz
Who?
1. King of Judah
2. instituted major religious reforms in Judah: purged the pagan elements.
3. followed the counsel of Isaiah and trusted in God for help from the threat of the Assyrians.
4. Assyrian army laid siege to Jerusalem in 701 BC, but God sent a mysterious plague to them, the seige was lifted, and Jerusalem was delivered.
Hezekiah
Who?
1. Babylonian king who was showed the royal treasures by Hezekiah. Isaiah identified Babylon as the nation that would bring judgement to Judah
Merodach-baladan
Who?
1. Persian King named by Isaiah in a remarkable prophecy almost two centuries before his edict that allowed the Jews to return to Israel in 538 bc.
Cyrus
When?
Date of the deliverance from the Assyrian seige of Jerusalem by a mysterious plague, due to Hezekiah's trust in God.
701 BC.
What Gentile nation did God use to judge: (a) the Northern Kingdom of Israel; (b) the Southern Kingdom of Judah?
a - Assyria
b - Babylon
Which Babylonian king destroyed Jerusalem and took Judah into exile?
Nebuchadnezzar
Who was the king of Judah when Jeremiah was called to the prophetic ministry?
Josiah
Who was Jeremiah’s scribe?
Baruch
Briefly describe the reign of Josiah;
1- Josiah feared God and undertook significant religious reforms
2. during his time the scroll of Deuteronomy was found.
3. intense desire to bring the people of Judah back to Covenant obedience.
4. died in 609 BC trying to stop the Egyptian Pharoah Necho from moving his army north to help Assyria from Babylon.
Briefly describe the reign of Jehoiakim:
2. little interest in the word of God
3. Great dislike for Jeremiah and his criticisms of him, accused Jeremiah of treason and persecuted the prophet.
and rebelled against Babylon
Briefly describe the reign of Jehoiachin:
became king when only 8 years old, was taken into captivity into Babylon in 597 BC with Ezekiel and 10,000 others.
Which king was taken into captivity into Babylon?
Jehoiachin
What is the basic point made by Jeremiah in his famous Temple sermon in chapter 7?
the people thought they were guaranteed God's protection from their enemies, Jeremiah tells them that their ritual will not atone for their immorality in their society. God wants repentance and obedience.
Which king destroyed the scroll containing Jeremiah’s prophecies? What was Jeremiah’s response to that action?
1. King Jehoiakim destroyed the scroll in Jer. 36
2. He dictated another book for Baruch to write and cursed Jehoiakim.
This prophet predicted that the exile would last for 70 years.
Jeremiah
This prophet was allowed to stay in Judah after 586, but was then forced to go to Egypt where he died.
Jeremiah
This prophet was specifically instructed by God to remain unmarried.
Jeremiah
What is the significance of the “New Covenant” prophecy in Jeremiah?
1. Jeremiah is reflecting on the people's persistent failure to trust God.
2. He is looking forward to a time when God's people have new hearts disposed to obedience, when God's law is written on their heart.
3. The indwelling of the Holy Spirit accomplishes this objective.
This book contains poems mourning over the destruction of Jerusalem.
Lamentations
Why was there such theological concern about the destruction of a capital city?
Because Jerusalem was the place where the Lord chose to establish His name, the location of the temple of God, and the center of the Davidic covenant. For Zion to lie in ruins suggested that the covenant was in ruins.
This chapter is the source of the song Great is Thy Faithfulness and the chorus The Steadfast Love of the Lord Never Ceases.
Lamentations 3
What principle, seen also in several psalms, allows the psalmist to change from a spirit of deep distress to hope in Lam. 3?
He remembers the character of his God and in it finds hope. He knows the tragedy does not exhaust the reality. He reflects on the lovingkindness of God and is able to see past his immediate tragedy.
This prophet was taken to Babylon as an exile in 597 BC.
Ezekiel
What was the location of the ministry of Jeremiah?
Judah
What was the location of the ministry of Daniel?
Babylon
What was the location of the ministry of Ezekiel?
Babylon
What was the location of the ministry of the Hosea?
Northern Kingdom of Israel
What was the location of the ministry of Amos?
primarily to northern kingdom of Israel
This prophet was told to lie on his side for 390 days with Israel’s iniquity on top of him, and then to lie on the other side for 40 days with the iniquity of Judah on him.
Ezekiel
When did Ezekiel’s wife die?
When Nebuchadnezzar laid seige to Jerusalem. 597 BC
What was the significance of the brick on which Ezekiel inscribed the map of Jerusalem?
He was to build seige ramps against it and put military camps around it to symbolize the Babylonian siege of Jerusalem that would shortly occur.
Note the three major divisions of Ezekiel and the general contents of each.
1. Chapters 1-24 deal with the time before the Fall of Jerusalem and is a message of judgement to unrepentant Judah.
2. Chapters 25-32 affirm Yahweh's justice and declare that God's sovereignty includes all nations
3. 33-48 deals with Israel's future. Their fortunes will be restored and they will be a single nation ruled by a Davidic king. They will worship in a Temple.
This prophet is famous for the extensive use of the phrase “they shall know that I am the Lord.”
Ezekiel
Where would you find Israel and Judah described as prostitutes pursuing their lovers?
Ezekiel 16 and 23
Book: Ezekiel.
What finally cured Judah of her idolatry?
not sure
Who used the proverb, “The days are long and every vision fails?”
Ezekiel 12:21
According to Hill and Walton what is the basic intent of the chariot visions of Ezekiel?
1. the God of Ezekiel is majestic and reigns in the heavens.
2. He has control over all of his creation, and his Throne which rests on a magnificent carriage signifies his presence in any location.
3. He sees all and will certainly act on behalf of his people.

Hill and Walton pg 448
What is the significance of the “dry bones vision” in chapter 37; the two sticks in Ezek 37; and God’s glory returning to the Temple in 40-43?
dry bones - The Spirit of God enters the bones, they begin to grow muscles and flesh, and they come to life.

two sticks - Israel and Judah will again be reunited into one nation over which a Davidic king will rule. This kingdom will be an everlasting one and will be one of obedience by God's people.

temple - Judgement is depicted in Ez. 8 by God's glory departing from the Temple. In chapter 40-43, the glory of the Lord returns to the city and Temple.

theme of all of these: Ezekiel's visions are one of hope and restoration for Israel.
Why did your professor conclude that the Temple described in Ezek 40-43 is a temple that will be built in the future?
The details of the new Temple and its ritual differ in a number of details from information given in the Law, the temple of Solomon, and the temple built after the return from Babylon. It must refer to a future Temple.
Gog (and Magog)
The name of the leader of the hostile party described in Ezek. 38,39, as coming from the "north country" and assailing the people of Israel to their own destruction.
The vision respecting Gog and Magog in the Apocalypse (Revelation 20:8) is in substance a reannouncement of this prophecy of Ezekiel
This prophet was taken into exile to Babylon in 605 BC.
Daniel
This prophet lived into the reign of Cyrus.
Daniel
What two languages were used in writing the book of Daniel?
Hebrew, Aramaic
Note two major themes of Daniel.
1. Sovereignty of God - His sovereign rule forms the basis for the interpretation of every dream and vision in the book

2. Detailed prophecy of the course of the kingdoms of the Gentiles down to the time of Christ and again during the Tribulation.
In this chapter describes Nebuchadnezzar’s vision of the image made of different materials.
Daniel 2
What empires are represented by:
a. the head of gold
b. the chest and arms of silver
c. the belly and thighs of bronze
d. the legs of iron
head of gold - Babylonian
chest and arms of silver - Medo Persian
bronze - Greeks.
iron - Roman empire
Where would you find:
the story of Daniel and his friend’s refusal to eat the king’s food
Daniel 1
Where would you find?
the story of the fiery furnace
Daniel 3
Where would you find?
the story of the lion’s den
in Daniel?
Daniel 6
Why was Daniel put into the lion’s den?
For disobeying the decree that no one pray to anyone except the King. He continued to pray 3 times daily to God.
Why were the friends put into the blazing furnace?
refusal to bow down to the image set up by Nebuchadnezzar
Against which Babylonian ruler was the handwriting on the wall directed? What had he done to provoke God’s anger?
Belshazzar - had not humbled his heart, even though Belshazzar had known about what happened to Nebuchadnezzar. He exalted himself against God, and worshipped idols.
Who was Antiochus Epiphanes? What did he do that is referred to by Daniel as the “abomination of desolation?”
Greek ruler one of the four parts, which included Israel, of the empire after Alexander died. He considered himself to be the visible manifestation of Zeus. In 167 BC he suspended the regular worship in the Temple and replaced them with the worship of Zeus. This sacrilege is known as abomination of desolation.
What revelation did God give Daniel as he was reflecting on the seventy years predicted by Jeremiah? Why was Daniel thinking about this prophecy?
God revealed to Daniel the "seventy sevens" that have to do with the future of God's people and with the course of history, not with the immediate situation with return from Babylon.
Parts: 490 years total, 7 'weeks', 62 'weeks' and one 'week'. The 70th week is the Great Tribulation.
- Daniel was thinking about this because he realized that the 70 years that Jeremiah had predicted was approaching the time to be fulfilled.
Where would you find the first clear statement about the resurrection of both the wicked and the righteous in the Old Testament?
Daniel 12:2 -
"And many of those who sleep in the dust of the ground will awake, these to everlasting life, but the others to disgrace and everlasting contempt."
What connection did your professor suggest between Daniel’s prophecy and Ezekiel’s prophecy about Gog and Magog?
Battles in Dan. 10-12 are probably the same ones as in Ezekiel 38,39
Daniel:
What significant event took place in 538 BC?
The edict of Cyrus to allow the Jews to return from exile to Israel.
This prophet is famous for marrying an unfaithful wife to illustrate God’s gracious treatment of his wayward people.
Hosea
This prophet emphasized God’s “delight in loyalty rather than sacrifice and in knowledge of God rather than burnt offerings.”
Hosea
This prophet describes Israel by saying, “There is no faithfulness or kindness of knowledge of God in the land.”
Hosea
Where did Hosea prophesy? In whose reign did he minister?
he ministered in the northern kingdom of Israel from 755 to just before 722 bc during the reign of Jeroboam II.
Who were the following? What is the meaning and significance of the names? How do the changes in the names contribute to the message of the book?
a. Lo-ruhamah
b. Lo-ammi
These two were the children of Hosea and Gomer, his harlot wife.
a. Lo-ruhamah means "no mercy, no love" - God will not have mercy on Israel.
b - Lo-ammi means "not my people"- they are not His people, and He is not their God.

The message of the book is God's grace to a straying and disobedient people. God desires a loving relationship and true repentance.
Where did Joel minister?
Southern kingdom of Judah
What theme characterizes the message of Joel?
1. locust plague, described as an invading army

2. Day of the Lord: decisive divine intervention into human history.

first section: coming judgment
second section: future Day of the Lord will bring the outpouring of the Spirit.
This prophet is quoted by Peter on the day of Pentecost as the Holy Spirit comes on the church in power.
Joel
What is meant by the Day of the Lord?
A decisive divine intervention into human history.
A future day that will be attended by the outpouring of the Spirit, appearance of eschatological signs, judgement of the nations, and restoration of Judah and Jerusalem.
This prophet describes the invading army in terms of a locust plague.
Joel
This man was not a professional prophet. He is famous for saying, “I am neither a prophet nor a prophet’s son.”
Amos
This shepherd and farmer of sycamore figs from Judah preached at Bethel, the religious center near the southern border of the northern kingdom.
Amos
This prophet began his sermon to Israel by announcing judgment on her neighbors, including Judah.
Amos
This prophet is famous for beginning each section of his sermon with the words “for three transgressions . . . and for four I will not turn aside judgment.”
Amos
This prophet was run out of town by Jeroboam II and his high priest Amaziah.
Amos
Where would you find the verse "Let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream?"
Amos 5:24
This prophet is well known for his denunciation of a society characterized by greed, injustice and exploitation of the poor.
Amos
This is the shortest book in the Old Testament.
Obadiah
Against whom is the book of Obadiah directed?
on the nation of Edom for its part in the sack of Jerusalem.
What was the reason for God’s displeasure with Edom as reflected in the book of Obadiah?
for their part in the sack of Jerusalem, and against a nation that dealt treacherously with His chosen people.
Where does the animosity between Edom and Israel have its origins?
This can be traced back all the way to Esau and Jacob. The Edomites are the descendants of Esau.
In what book would you find the doctrine of retribution stated in these terms, "As you have done, it will be done to you. Your dealings will return on your own head?"
Obadiah
theme of Obadiah?
God's retributive justice.
The theme of this book is God's sovereign right to show compassion on whomever he chooses.
Jonah
While prophets like Jeremiah were frustrated because the people to whom they ministered did not respond to the message he proclaimed, this prophet was angry when the people repented. Why?
Jonah. He felt that God's justice required punishment for the wickedness of Nineveh, one of Israel's major enemies. He was angry because God chose to show compassion on the Assyrian capital.
What do Jonah and Nahum have in common? What was different about their messages?
Nahum's theme is the certainty of divine judgment upon wickedness. Even though God can choose to show compassion on whoever He wishes, this does not eliminate the nation's accountability to God. This is the book Jonah would like to have written.
Why do you think Jonah was angry when God was gracious to Nineveh? Do you think there were significant messages for Israel in this book?
Like many of us, Jonah wanted punishment for the wicked and for Israel's enemies. The message for Israel is that God can show compassion on whoever He chooses, but that does not excuse the nation's accountability to God.
Who was king in Israel when Jonah did his prophetic work?
Jeroboam II
God’s grace is apparent in the “second chance” God gave to this prophet. How does the same incident illustrate God’s sovereignty?
God's justice vs. God's compassion.
God is sovereign and can choose to give second chances or he can declare punishment. Jonah's second chance was used to accomplish God's purposes.
Which prophet was contemporary of both Amos and Hosea?
Jonah
Where is Tarshish?
The place that Jonah wanted to escape from the presence of the Lord.
Like Amos this prophet focuses special attention on the importance of moral and ethical uprightness.
Micah
Where would you find the verse, "He has told you, O man, what is good; and what does the Lord require of you but to do justice, to love kindness, and to walk humbly with your God?"
Micah 6:8
Where would you find the prediction that Messiah will be born in Bethlehem?
Micah 5:2
Where did Micah prophesy?
Southern kingdom of Judah
Which prophet was contemporary of Isaiah?
Micah
Which book?
dual themes of present judgment and future restoration.
Micah
What is the theme of the book of Nahum?
The certainty of divine judgement upon wickedness, grounded in the character and power of the Lord Himself.
This book is the one that Jonah probably would have liked to write. Why do you think this would have been the case?
Nahum.
Jonah desired punishment, not compassion, for the wickedness of Nineveh, an enemy of Israel. Nahum's theme is certain judgement for wickedness.
Against what nation is the judgment predicted by Nahum directed?
Assryia and its capital Nineveh.
What was the capital of the Assyrian Empire?
Nineveh
What is meant by the term theodicy?
the defense of the righteousness of God in view of the prevalence of unrighteousness in the world.
Which minor prophet struggles with how a just God to use a nation even more wicked than Judah to punish God’s own people?
Habakkuk
Where in the Old Testament would you find the words, “The righteous person will live by his faith?” What is the meaning of the verse in its Old Testament context?
Habbakuk 2:4
context:
Faith is knowing that something is true based on an authority. Hope based on the promises of God.
1. Be joyful in God's sovereignty
2. Wait patiently for something that we know from God's promises will happen
How does the book of Habakkuk illustrate what it means to live by faith?
Faith is knowing that something is true based on an authority. Hope based on the promises of God.
1. Be joyful in God's sovereignty
2. Wait patiently for something that we know from God's promises will happen
What is the theme of the book of Zephaniah?
1. God will certainly punish sin.
2. God will certainly accomplish His purposes and will fulfill His promises to His people.
Why is it likely that Zephaniah was written before 612 B.C.?
Because he predicted the destruction of Nineveh, which took place in 612 BC.
This prophet was probably a member of the royal family of Judah. He prophesied during the reign of Josiah and was a contemporary of Jeremiah.
Zephaniah
What was the major emphasis of Haggai’s ministry?
Living life according to God's will.
Summoning the people to finish the rebuilding of the Temple.
Why was Haggai’s ministry needed?
Rebuilding of the Temple had stalled, people were making excuses. God called him to finish the work on the Temple.
What significant event occurred in 515 B.C.?
Rebuilding of the Temple by Zerubbabel.
This prophet accuses the people of having the wrong priorities.
Haggai
This prophet affirms that the obedience of faith is one of life’s highest priorities.
Haggai
Why did Haggai argue that the people never had enough to begin work on the temple?
The people were dealing with their own issues first, and then having nothing left for the Lord. Haggai wanted them to build the Temple in faith.
What book would you find this verse in?

"Is it time for you yourselves to dwell in your paneled houses while this house lies desolate?"
Haggai 1:4
The message of this prophet and that of Prov 3:5-12 are very similar.
Haggai
This prophet’s contemporary was concerned about rebuilding the temple while this prophet was concerned about repentance, spiritual renewal and proper worship after the temple was rebuilt.
Zechariah, contemporary of Haggai
Who are the 3 Post Exilic prophets?
Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi
This prophet preached to a discouraged postexilic community in Judah and assured them that God’s promised had not failed, that they were heirs to those promised, and that they must be obedient to God’s instruction for those covenant blessings to be fully realized.
Zechariah
This book is famous for the “night visions” it contains.
Zechariah
This prophet foretold Messiah’s triumphal entry into Jerusalem on a donkey, the "striking of the Shepherd" on the cross, the mourning of Israel when they look on the One "whom they have pierced," and the Lord's dramatic return to the Mount of Olives, an event that changes even the topography of Israel.
Zechariah
Who was the political leader of the group that returned to Israel from Babylon? Who was the high priest?
Zerubbabel was political leader.
Joshua is high priest.
Note three things that Zechariah predicted about the Messiah.
1. entry into Jerusalem on a donkey.
2. "striking of the Shepherd" on the cross
3. mourning of Israel on the One "whom they have pierced."
4. Lord's dramatic return to the Mount of Olives.
This prophet accused his generation of failing to obey God’s Law about divorce, of failing to give God the offerings he specified, and of giving God poor quality offerings they would never present to the governor.
Malachi
Where would you find the prediction that Elijah will come call the people to repentance before the coming of the Day of the Lord and the arrival of Messiah?
Malachi 4.
In some sense John the Baptist fulfills this.
Revelation 11:3 speaks of the "two witnesses"
This book takes the form of charges leveled by God against the people, followed by their denial of the charges and then God’s presentation of evidence to support the charges.
Malachi
Which book was written about 430 BC?
Malachi