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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
codon
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sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that constitutes the genetic code for a particular amino acid
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fermentation
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extraction of energy thru anaerobic degradation with organic molecules as terminal electron acceptor
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filament
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long thin whiplike part of flagellum
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Natural Immunity
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immune protection acquired by normal life processes
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parenterally
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administering a substance into a body cavity other than via gastrointestinal route
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rough endoplasmic reticulum
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membrane tunnels coated with ribosomes used in protein synthesis and transport
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sanitization
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reducing number of microbes to an acceptable safe level
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commensalism
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organism receives benefits from another without harming the other organism in the relationship
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degerming
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mechanical removal of microbes from a defined area
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hyphae
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tubular threads that make up a mold
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NAD+
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major electron carrier in metabolism
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Passive Immunity
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immune protection acquired by the donation of preformed immune substances
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promotor
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DNA segment recognized by RNA polymerase as the starting point for transcription
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reverse transciptase
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enzyme that is essential for retrovirus reproduction
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ribsome
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subcellular structure of RNA and protein that is the site of protein synthesis
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desiccation
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preservation by drying
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MIC
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minimum inhibitory concentration smallest concentration needed to control microbial growth
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mutualism
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recipricol, obligatory and beneficial relationship between two organisms
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oxygenic
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reaction that gives off oxygen
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peptidoglycan
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component of bacterial cell walls coposed of polysaccharide chains and peptide crosslinkages
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phenotype
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observable characteristics of an organism by genetic potential and the environment
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saprobe
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microbe that decomposes organic remains of dead organisms
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toxoid
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inactivated toxin capable of triggering an immune response
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conjugation
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contact between donor and recipient cells associated with transfer of genetic material such as plasmids
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endospore
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small dormant very resistant bacterial cell that germinates to form a vegetative cell
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group translocation
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movement and modification of molecules across a membrance
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Monoclonal antibodies
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produced by a clone of lymphocytes hat recognizes a single specfic antigen
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oligodynamic
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capable of working at extremely low concentration
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photosynthesis
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conversion of light energy into chemical energy
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therapeutic index
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ration of toxic dose to effective therapeutic dose
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trophozoite
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feeding form of a protozoan
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coccus
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bacterial cell with round shape
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epitope
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portion of cell or virus that is the precise stimulus for an immune response
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fungicide
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agent that kills fungal cells
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Kirby-Bauer
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method for determining antibiotic resistance and sensitivity
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Passive Transport
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movement of molecules across a membrane without the use of chemical energy
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pyruvate
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major product of glycolysis
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transformation
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uptake of naked DNA from the environment
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yeast
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single celled fungus wih round or ovoid cells
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microaeorophile
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requires less than atmospheric levels of oxygen
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thermophile
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requires higher temps over 40 degrees C
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psychotroph
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form of mesophile that tolerates colder climate under 20 degrees C.
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chemotroph
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uses chemical substances to produce energy
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isotonic
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same concentration of solute inside and out
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edema
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swelling
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cytokine
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non antibody proteins that act as intercellular mediators as part of bodys immune response
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Peyers Patches
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located in gastrointestinal tract and part of secondary lymphoid
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macrophage
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mobile WBC found at sites of infection
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chemotaxis
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movement to or from gradient by chemicals
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