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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did Meischer do?
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Extracted a white substance from blood cells and called it nuclein. He found that it consisted of a nucleic acid and a protein
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What is transformation?
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When a heritable change occurs
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What did hershey and Chase do?
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Proved that DNA was the transforming agent from using T2 phage bacterium and radioactive sulfur
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Nucleotide structure
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5 carbon deoxyribose sugar, nitrogen base (A,C,T,G)
Phosphate group at 5' carbon |
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4 nucleotides
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Guanine
Thymine Cytosine Adenine |
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What are purines?
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Double ringed structures Adenine and Guanine
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What are pyrimidines?
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Single ringed structures Cytosine and Thymine
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What did Chargaff prove?
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A=T C=G
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Who came up with the double helix structure?
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Watson and Crick
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What holds the double helix together?
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Hydrogen bonds
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What side of DNA are nucleotides added to?
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3' end
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What is DNA + histones?
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Nucleosomes
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What is DNA + histones + linking DNA
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Heterochromatin
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What is DNA condensed?
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Chromosomes
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What type of replication is DNA
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Semiconservative
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What is the first step of replication?
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Separating the base pairs or the two strands of DNA
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What do restriction enzymes and DNA ligase do
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make recombinant DNA
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Restriction endonuclease does what?
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Scans a strand of DNA looking for a place to cut.
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What are produced when DNA is cut?
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sticky ends - protruding ends that can fit together
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What is required to clone a gene?
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Plasmids
Restriction enzymes A DNA sequence for replication Bacteria to host the new recombinant DNA |
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What are plasmids?
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Small circular strands of DNA found in bacteria
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What is an episome
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Plasmids that can integrate themselves into the chromosomal DNA of the host organism
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