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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA
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very long polymer, or chain of repeating units
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Nucleotides
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small units or monomers that make up DNA (4 in total)
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3 parts of Nucleotide
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A phosphate group
Sugar called deoxyribose A nitrogen-containing base |
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4 types of nucleotides in DNA
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Cytosine (C)
Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Guanine (G) |
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Pyrmidines
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Single Ring
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Nucleotides that are Pyrmidines
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Thymine and Cytosine
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Purines
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Double Ring
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Nucleotides that are Purines
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Adenine and Guanine
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Chargaff's Rule
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A=T and C=G
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Double Helix
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Two strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted ladder.
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Base pairing rules
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Thymine (T) always pairs with Adenine (A) and Cytosine (C) always pairs with Guanine (G)
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These make up DNA's backbone
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Phosphate groups and Deoxyribose sugar molecules
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This bonds in the middle to form the rungs of the DNA ladder
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Nitrogen-containing bases
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Hydrogen Bonds
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Join the 2 bases to make rungs
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Covalent Bonds
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Joins the phosphate groups and the deoxyribose
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Franklin's data revealed
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That DNA was a double helix with even width
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How does DNA base pairing result in a molecule that has a uniform width?
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Pyrmidine pairs with a purine and that creates the nice even width.
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Replication
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the process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle
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DNA is divided into..
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46 Chromosomes
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DNA Polymerases
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Group of enzymes that bond the new nucleotides together
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