Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is a simple cyst |
Congenital resulting from developmental anomalies in the formation of intrahepatic bile ducts |
|
|
Liver cysts are more common in male or female |
female |
|
|
the patients with liver cysts are typically suffering from pain and palpable mass True or false |
false |
|
|
Name 3 characteristics of a simple liver cyst |
anechoic well defined walls posterior acoustic enhancement |
|
|
name the differential diagnosis for liver cysts |
Degenerating liver metastatic tumors echinococcal cyst liver abscess liver hematoma |
|
|
Echinococcal cysts are also called |
Hydatid disease |
|
|
what is the cause of an echinococcal cyst |
parasitic worm |
|
|
half of the time echinococcal cysts are found in the liver, where are the other sites where these cysts are likely to be found |
lung bone brain |
|
|
describe the ultrasound appearance of an echinococcal cyst |
simple with or with out wall calicification mother cyst with daughter honeycomb water lily sign |
|
|
Name the different diagnosis for an echinococcal cyst |
degenerating metastatic tumor hepatic cystadenocarcinoma hepatic abcess hepatic hematoma |
|
|
what is the cause of a pyogenic abcess |
bacterial invasion |
|
|
what are 3 common types of pyogenic abscess |
E-coli Clostridium bacteroides |
|
|
name 4 most common infection routes for pyogenic abscess |
biliary tree portal vein hepatic artery direct extension |
|
|
name 6 clinical signs and symptoms of a pyogenic cyst |
pain fever nausea vomiting diarrhea chest pain |
|
|
what lab values are associated with a pyogenic cyst |
luekocytosis increased LFT anemia |
|
|
name 7 visual characteristics of a pyogenic abscess |
1cm to very large, round or oval, irregular poorly defined walls, anoechoic to very echogenic, 1/2 have posterior enhancement, shadow or comet tail artifact, common in R lobe. |
|
|
name 5 diagnosis for pyogenic abscess |
degenerating necrotic liver neoplasm echinococcal cyst hemorrhagic cyst simple cyst cystadenocarcinoma of liver |
|
|
what is the cause of an amoebic abcess |
amoebas via portal vein, contracted by ingestion of cysts in food or water |
|
|
what makes an amoebic abscess more dangerous than other abscesses |
Ambea secretes substance that liquefy hepatic tissue- without treatment 100% DEATH |
|
|
what is the ultrasound appearance of amoebic abscess |
supcapsular low amplitude cyst fill in thickened irregular walls good through transmission |
|
|
what are the clinical signs and symptoms of amoebic abscess |
abdominal pain diarrhea melena |
|
|
what is a cavernous hemangioma |
benign neoplasms, vascular structures filled with blood cells |
|
|
a cavernous hemangioma is the least common liver tumor True or False |
False |
|
|
a cavernous hemangioma is generally small or large? |
small |
|
|
a cavernous hemangioma is usually solitary or grouped? |
solitary |
|
|
name 3 visual characteristics of a cavernous hemangioma |
round highly attenuating well defined solid mass |
|
|
A cavernous hemangioma is more common in male or female? |
female |
|
|
A cavernous hemangioma is commonly found in what segment of the liver |
posterior right |
|
|
focal nodular hyperplasia is a mass composed of? |
hepatocytes Kupffer cells- macrophages fibrous connective tissue and bile duct elements |
|
|
what is the ultrasound appearance of focal nodular hyperplasia |
less or more echogenic than liver isoechoic to liver .5-20 cm |
|
|
the risk of acquiring liver cell adenoma is increased with |
use of oral contraceptives steroids type 1 glycogen storage disease |
|
|
liver cell adenomas are commonly found in what lobe |
right |
|
|
what is the US appearance of liver cell adenoma |
more echogenic than liver hypoechoic and isoechoic to liver 8 to 15 cm |
|
|
what is a hematoma |
solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues |
|
|
most common cause of a hematoma |
trauma |
|
|
why is a hematoma appearance dependent upon age of mass |
it is anechoic first 4 days then has a mixed echogenicity after as it ages |
|
|
hepatocellular carcinoma is also known as |
HCC Hepatoma |
|
|
The risk of acquiring hepatocellular carcinoma is increased with |
cirrhosis and HEP B&C |
|
|
Name 7 US appearances of hepatocellular carcinoma |
no specific appearance, solitary or multiple, distort liver parenchyma maybe hypo or hyperechoic, isoechoic or complex, may cause hepatomeagaly, tendency to invade portal veins and hepatic veins, ascites may be present |
|
|
HCC is most common malignancy in the liver True or False |
TRUE |
|
|
what is liver metastases |
cancerous tumors from some where else in the body |
|
|
Name the primary sites of liver metastases |
gallbladder, colon, stomach, pancreas, breast lung |
|
|
Name the primary site of the most common liver metastases in children |
Neuroblastoma(cancer found in adrenal glands) |
|
|
Name the lab values associated with liver metastases |
LFT values abnormal especially ALP, AST, ALT AFP is increased |
|
|
4 signs and symptoms of liver metastases |
jaundice pain hepatomegaly weight loss |
|
|
6 visual characteristics of Liver metastases |
hypoechoic, hyperechoic, bulls eye sign, complex or cystic, calcified, patchy pattern or "moth eaten pattern" |
|
|
|
no |
