Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
This class of drug enhance insulin secretion by blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the cell membranes of pancreatic B-cells
|
sulfonylureas
|
|
This class of drug enhance insulin secretion by binding to a receptor adjacent to the binding site of sulfonylureas thus blocking ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the cell membranes of pancreatic B-cells
|
glitinides
|
|
This class of drug inhibits gluconeogenisis, glycolysis, and enhance insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat
|
biguanides
|
|
This class of drug increase insulin sensitivity by stimulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma thus increasing glucose transporter expression
|
thiazolinediones
|
|
This class of drug inhibits alpha glucosidase
|
alpha glucosidase inhibitors
|
|
This class of drug inhibits DPP-4 thus inhibiting the degradation of endogenous incretins.
|
DPP-4 inhibitors
|
|
What are the effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on insulin and glucagon?
|
increase insulin secretion
decrease glucagon secretion |
|
This drug is a dopamine agonist that was approved by the FDA for the treatment of T2DM
|
bromocriptine
|
|
What is the target organ of alpha glucosidase inhibitors?
|
brush border of small intestine
|
|
what is the target organ of glitinides?
|
pancreas
|
|
What is the target organ of sulfonylureas
|
pancreas
|
|
what is the target organ of biguanides
|
liver
|
|
what is the target organ of thiazolinediones
|
peripheral tissue
|
|
what is the target organ of DPP-4 inhibitors
|
GI tract
|
|
What is the target organ of bromocriptine
|
hypothalamus
|
|
Does alpha glucosidase inhibitors affect pre or post prandial glucose?
|
postprandial
|
|
do glitinides effect pre or post prandial glucose
|
postprandial
|
|
do sulfonylureas effect pre or post prandial glucose
|
preprandial and postprandial
|
|
do biguanides effect pre or post prandial glucose
|
preprandial
|
|
do thiazolinediones effect pre or post prandial glucose?
|
preprandial and postprandial
|
|
Do DPP-4 inhibitors effect pre or post prandial glucose?
|
postprandial
|
|
Does bromocriptine effect pre or post prandial glucose?
|
postprandial
|
|
What class of drugs is not recommended for use in renal impairment?
|
sulfonylureas and biguanides
|
|
This drug, when combined with gemfibrozil may increase risk of hypoglycemia due to inhibition of cyp2C8
|
glitinides
|
|
What are the common side effects of sulfonylureas?
|
hypoglycemia
weight gain |
|
What are the common side effects of glitinides?
|
GI effects
hypoglycemia |
|
sulfonylureas undergo what type of metabolism?
|
hepatic biotransformation via cyp2C9
|
|
True or False: Diabeta (Glyburide) can be used in the renallay impaired patients as long as their CrCl is greater than 10ml/min
|
True
|
|
alpha glucosidase inhibitors are not recommended for use in patients with CrCl < what?
|
CrCl < 25ml/min
|
|
What are the common side effects of biguanides?
|
GI effects
lactic acidosis |
|
When is metformin contraindicated?
|
SCr greater than or equal to 1.4mg/dL in women and 1.5mg/dL in men
|
|
In addition to lowering blood glucose, what are the other benefits of using metformin?
|
beneficial effects on LDL and HDL
|
|
This class of drug has a black box warning for increased risk of heart failure
|
thiazolinediones
|
|
What is TZDs contraindicated in?
|
when increased fluid volume is detrimental
|
|
What are the common side effects of TZDs?
|
fluid retention
heart failure fracture risk increased risk of heart attack hepatotoxicity |
|
Which TZD is no longer recommended for use by the ADA
|
rosiglitazone (Avandia)
|
|
True or False: TZDs is also beneficial for LDL and HDL, while pioglitazone also improves trigylcerides
|
True
|
|
What are the common ADR of alpha glulcosidase inhibitors?
|
GI effects
|
|
What medication is contraindicated in short bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease
|
alpha glucosidase inhibitors
|
|
alpha glucosidase inhibitors are useful in what state of the disease process
|
early state
|
|
DPP-1 inhibitors are more useful in what state of the disease process
|
recently diagnosed
|
|
Which of the following are side effects of DPP-4 inhibitors?
diarrhea hypoglycemia nasopharyngitis upper respiratory tract infections headache nephritis pancreatitis hepatitis |
diarrhea
hypoglycemia nasopharyngitis upper respiratory tract infections headache |
|
pancreatitis can occur when metformin is used in combination with what other agent?
|
sitagliptin
|
|
What are the common side effects of bromocriptine
|
hypotension
syncope |