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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Acetazolamide
class? MOA? oral bioavailability? uses? |
-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
-abolishes NaHCO2 reabsorption in proximal tubule -~100% -Acute mountain sickness, edema from heart failure, epilepsy, familial periodic paralysis, alkalosis (from thiazides or loop diuretics) |
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Dorzolamide
class? MOA? Pk? uses? |
-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
-inhibits NaHCO2 reabsorption, binds to CA on RBC with chronic use -topical (eye drops) -open angle glaucoma |
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Furosamide
-class? -MOA? -Pk? -uses? |
-Loop diuretic
-Na K Cl symporter inhibitor -IM, PO, IV, (oral=~60%) -acute pulm edema, heart failure, edema, ascites, HTN, hyperCa |
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Ethacrynic acid
-class? -MOA? -Contra? |
-Loop diuretic "high ceiling"
-Na K Cl symporter inhibitor -serious hypovolemic/hypoNa states, anuria unresponsive to drugs (suggests kidney failure) |
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Hydrochlorothiazide
-class? -MOA? -uses? |
-thiazide
-Na Cl symporter inhibitor in early distal convoluted tubule -HTN (1st choice), MOST edemas, ascites, Ca nephrolithiasis, meniere's dz, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus |
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Indapamide
-class? -MOA? -Contra? |
-Thiazide congener (similar)
-Na Cl symporter inhibitor at the early distal convoluted tubule -thiazide/sulfa hypersensitivity, anuria, renal decompensation, pregnancy |
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Triamterene
class? MOA? uses? Contra? |
-Potassium sparing diuretic
-acts on ENaC in late distal convoluted tubule and cortical collecting duct -treat and prevent hypokalemia -chronic renal insufficiency, hyperK states, severe hepatic dz, pts with RAS blunting drugs, high doses of NSAIDs |
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Amiloride
class? MOA? uses? |
-Potassium sparing diuretic
-ENaC inhibitor so that Na entry can't depolarize cell forcing K to exit -lithium induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (blocks Li uptake) |
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Spironolactone
class? MOA? adverse effects? |
-Potassium sparing diuretics
-steroid that is an aldosterone receptor antagonist (reduces ENac and Na-K-ATPase expression) -sexual dysfunction ~40%, gynecomastia, hirsutism, prostate hypertrophy, menstrual irregularities |
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Conivaptan
class? MOA? pk? uses? |
-vassopressin/ADH antagonist (competitive)
-acts on V2 AND V1b(affects renal blood flow) and inhibits aquaporin distribution to the apical membrane -IV adminis, strong inhibitor of CYP3A4 -SIADH, Chronic euvolemic hyponatremia |
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Tolvaptan
class? MOA? Adverse? Contra? |
-Vassopressin/ADH competitive antagonist
-(only acts on V2 receptor), given PO, inhibits V2 receptor regulation of aquaporins on the medullary collecting duct -GI, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, postural hypotension, hypoK -hypovolemic hypoN, concurrent use with CYP3A4 inhibitors |