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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitors
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Acetazolamide
Brinzolamide Dorzolamide |
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Loop Diuretics
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Furosemide
Bumetanide Torsemide Ethacrynic Acid |
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Thiazides
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Hydrochlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide Metolazone Chlorthalidone Indapamide |
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Potassium Sparing Diuretics
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Triaterene
Amiloride |
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Aldosterone Antagonists
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Spironolactone
Eplerenone |
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Osmotic Diuretics
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Mannitol
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Acetazolamide
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Mech: Inhibits the CA enzyme in prox tubule cells inhibits bicarb reabsorption
Metab: Oral absorption & topical admin -> effects for a few days -> renal excretion Uses: glaucoma; urinary alkanization; metabolic alkalosis; acute mtn sickness Toxic: hyperCl- metabolic acidosis; renal stones; renal K+ wasting C/I: hepatic cirrhosis |
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Furosemide
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Mech: Inhibit Na+ transport in thick limb of loop of Henle
Metab: Oral & parenteral admin.; renal excretion Uses: CHF/edema; hyperCa++; hyperK+; acute renal failure Toxic: hypoK+ metabolic alkalosis; ototoxicity; hyperuricemia; hypoMg++, allergenic; excess Na+/H2O loss |
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Hydrochlorothiazide
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Mech: Inhibit Na+ reabsorb in distal convoluted tubule
Metab: Oral absorb; diffs in potency & PHK indapamide; liver metabolism Uses: HTN; CHF; nephrolithiasis; nephrogenic diabetes insipidus Toxic: hypoK+ metabolic alkalosis; impaired carbohydrate tolerance; hyerlipidemia; hypoNa+; allergenic |
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Amiloride (K+ sparing)
Spironolactone (Aldosterone antagonists) |
Mech: Amiloride inhibits Na+ flux in collecting tubules; Spiro inhibits aldosterone receptors
Metab: oral admin; some liver metab; renal excretion Uses: excess mineralcorticoid; CHF; nephrotic syndrome; cirrhosis w/ other drugs (HCTZ); low diuretic ceiling Toxic: hyperK+; hyperCl- metabolic acidosis; acute renal failure; kidney stones; Spiro -> gynecomastia C/I: hyperK+ |
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Mannitol
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Mech: H2O retention in proximal tubule & descending limb of Henle
Metab: IV admin; glomerular filtration Uses: incr. urine volume; reduce ICP; reduce IOP Toxic: ECM volume expansion; dehydration; hyperNa+ C/I severe CHF |
