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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What complication may arise from performimg an LP in a pt with elevated intracranial pressure?
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Uncal Herniation of brainstem
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A child presents to the ER with mental status changes, hypoglycemia and lesions suggestive of chickenpox. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Reye's syndrome.
Mental status changes, hypoglycemia, and hx of chicken pox. The parents likely gave the kid aspirin |
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What is the most effective way to prevent bacterial meningitis in newborns?
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Penicillin or Ampicillin during delivery to GBS (agalactae)
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How do the symptoms of encephalitis differ from that of meningitis?
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Encephalitis has mental status changes and focal neurologic deficits
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What is the initial radiologic study in a pt with TIA/stroke symptoms? What radiologic studies need to be performed later to evaluate the underlying cause of the TIA/stroke?
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First do a CT head w/o contrast to r/o bleed.
Then treat with thrombolytic. Later, get an echo to look for vegitations on the valves, a carotid duplex to check to calcifications, MRA/CTA of brain vasculature |
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What are the symptoms basilar artery stroke?
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Coma, paralysis, CN deficits, bad things
Pontine ischemia --> CN deficits; contralateral full body weakness; |
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Comparing ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, what are the different BP goals and BP medications?
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Ischemic stroke: <220/120, Labetalol and nicardapine. Do Not Give Nitro's!
Intracerebral hemorrhage: <140-160; Labetalol, can use nitroprusside Subarachnoid hemorrhage: < 150; labetalol, nimodipine. Do Not Give Nitro's! |
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What are the signs/symptoms of a TCA overdose? How is it managed?
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Anticholinergic sxs, cardiotoxicity, CNS toxicity
Managed: Sodium Bicarb |
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What is the treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by lithium toxicity?
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HCTZ+ AMELIORIDE
HCTZ for Diabetes Insipidus and In the case of Lithium induced DI, Amelioride: closes Na channels in the collecting tubles that are affected by Li+ |
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How do features of acute dystonia differ from that of tardive dyskinesia?
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Acute dystonia is neck spasm, torticolis.
TD is repettitive tics, facial movements |
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How does the Tx of Acute Distonia differ from Tardive Diskinesia?
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Acute distonia: Diphenhydromine/ benztropine (anticholinergic)
TD: discontinue or change neuoleptic |
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What EEG pattern is seen in cases of absence seizures?
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3 cycle/sec Spike and Wave
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