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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
HYQ: Hypertension + depression + kidney stones
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Hyperparathyroidism
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HYQ: What complications can arise from the use of vasopressors such as Norepinephrine in treating shock?
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Ischemia and necrosis of fingers and toes, mesenteric ischemia, and renal failure
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HYQ: What intervention is most effective at reducing blood pressure?
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Weight Loss
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HYQ: what is the preferred initial antihypertensive in a patient with no comorbidities?
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HCTZ, Chlorthalidone
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Diabetes |
ACE-I, ARB
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Heart failure |
ACE/ ARB, B-blker, Aldosterone antagonist
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
BPH |
Alpha blocker (-zosin)
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Left ventricular hypertrophy |
ACE/ ARB
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Hyperthyroid |
Beta-blocker
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Osteoperosis |
HCTZ
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Benign essential tremor |
Beta blocker
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Post-menopausal female |
HCTZ
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Which antihypertensive class is first line in patients with....
Migranes |
Beta-blocker
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What is the most likely cause of HTN....
Hypertension in arms but low BP in LE |
Coarctation of the aorta
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What is the most likely cause of HTN....
Proteinuria |
Renal failure
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What is the most likely cause of HTN....
Hypokalemia |
Hyperaldosteronism
hypokalemia with HTN--CLASSIC! |
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What is the most likely cause of HTN....
Tachycardia, diarrhea, heat intolerance |
Hyperthyroidism
Tachycardia, diarrhea, heat intolerance and HTN --CLASSIC! |
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What is the most likely cause of HTN....
Hyperkalemia |
Renal failure, Renal artery stenosis
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What is the most likely cause of HTN....
Episodic sweating, tachycardia |
Pheochromocytoma
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
First dose hypotension |
Alpha-blocker
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
Hypertrichosis |
Minoxidil
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
Dry mouth, sedation, severe rebound HTN |
Clonidine
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
Bradycardia, impotence, asthma exacerbation |
Beta-blocker
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
Reflex tachycardia |
vasodilators
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
Cough |
ACE-I
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
avoidance in pts with Sulfa allergy |
loops and -thiazides
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
Angioedema |
ACE-I
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
Development of drug induced lupus |
Hydralazine (antihistone antibodies)
Drug induced Lupus: SHIPS Sulfasalazine, Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Statins |
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Which antihypertensive is associated with....
cyanide toxicity |
sodium nitroprusside
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Compare the vasodilating effects of Nitroglycerine, Non-DHP CCB, Hydralazine, and Nitroprusside
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Nitroglycerine and Non-DHP CCBs are venous vasodilators,
Hydralazine is arteriolar Nitroprusside is both artery and vein |
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What are the HACEK bacteria?
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Cultre neg endocarditis
Haemophillus, Actinobacter, Cardiobacter, Eikenella, Kingella |
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What are the JONES criheria in the diagnosis of Rheumatic Heart Dz?
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Joints (polyarthritis)
Heart- (pancarditis) Nodes (subcutaneous on extensor surfaces) Erythema nodosum Sydenhams chorrea |
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HYQ: what is the next step in the management of a congenital heart disease with early cyanosis?
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Prostaglandin to keep the PDA open
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HYQ: what medication is used to close a PDA?
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Indomethacin
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HYQ: a 6 wk old infant presents to the Pedi-ER for irritability and is found to have signs of left sided heart failure. An EKG is interpreted as left-sided MI --> what is the likely diagnosis?
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Anomolous origin of the Left Coronary Artery
it is stemming from the pulmonic vasculature instead of the aorta |
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HYQ: what class of medications is indicated in patients with hereditary prolongation of the QT interval in order to prevent episodes of ventricular fibrillation?
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Beta-blocker: Propanolol
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What vasculitis is associated with...
Weak pulses in upper extremities |
Takayasu's
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What vasculitis is associated with...
Necrotizing granulomas of lung and necrotizing glomerulonephritis |
Wegner's glomerulonephritis
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What vasculitis is associated with...
Necrotizing immune complex inflammation of visceral/renal vessels |
Polyarteritis Nodosa
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What vasculitis is associated with...
Young male smokers |
Buerger's disease
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What vasculitis is associated with...
young asian women |
Takayasu's arteritis
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What vasculitis is associated with...
young asthmatics |
Churg-strauss
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What vasculitis is associated with...
Infants and young children; involves coronary arteries |
Kawasaki's dz
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What vasculitis is associated with...
Most common vasculitis |
Temporal arteritis
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What vasculitis is associated with...
hepatitis B infection |
Polyarteritis nodosa
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What vasculitis is associated with...
occlusion of the ophthalmic artery |
Temporal arteritis
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What vasculitis is associated with...
Perforation of the nasal septum |
Wegner's granulomatosis
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What physical defects comprise the tetrology of fallot?
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RVH, VSD, Pulmonic stenosis, Overriding aorta
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What is the next step in the management of a patient with a DVT that has a high likelihood of falling?
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IVC filter (greenfield filter)
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What vasculitis is associated with...
unilateral headache, jaw claudication |
Temporal arteritis
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what are the components of the medical management of peripheral artery disease?
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Smoking cessation, daily exercise, glucose control, cilostazol
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What are the indications for operating on an AAA?
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size greater than 5.5cm, growth of 0.5cm over 6 months, or if it is symptomatic
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Who should be screened for an abdominal aortic aneurysm?
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males > 65 with any history of smoking
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What are the classic findings of Henoch-Schonlein purpura?
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Recent URI, arthritis, LE purpura, abdominal pain, renal dz (proteinuria, hematuria)
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What are the classic presenting symptoms of Kawasaki dz?
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Fever > 104 for more than 5 days and CRASH
Conjunctivitis Rash Adenopathy Strawberry tongue Hands and feet edema |
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QH: myocarditis in south america is commonly caused by ______ and is associated with ___,___, ___.
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Chagas Dz (T.cruzi)
Cardiomegaly, megacolon, achalasia |
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Name as many organisms that cause myocarditis as you can
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Coxsakie, adenovirus, echovirus, EBV, CMV, and Influenza
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Causes of acute endocarditis
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Staph aureus, Strep pneumo
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Causes of subacute endocarditis
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Strep virdians/mutans, staph epidermidis (coag neg)
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What is the mnemonic for endocarditis
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FROM JANE
Fever, Roth spots, Osler nodes (fingers), Murmur Janeway lesions (palms and soles), Anemia, Nail hemorrhages, emboli |
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What space is infiltrated in a dissecting aortic aneurysm?
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media
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What is the treatment for cardiogenic shock?
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dobutamine
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What is the treatment for septic shock?
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Norepinephrine, IVF
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What is the treatment for hypovolemic shock?
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IV Fluids
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What is the treatment for anaphylactic shock?
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Epinephrine, diphenhydromine (benedryl)
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What is the treatment for neurogenic shock?
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Atropine, IVF
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QH: What is virchow's triad for DVT?
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Stasis, hypercoaguability, and vascular damage increase patient's risk for DVT
this can be pregnancy, immobilization, smoking |
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What is the cause of Renal Artery Stenosis in a pt <25 y/o
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Fibromuscular dz
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What is the cause of Renal Artery Stenosis in a pt >50 years old?
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atherosclerosis
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