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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Hypercholesterolemia
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Causes:
Primary: genetic predisposition Secondary: high caloric intake, obesity, hypothyroidism, DM2, hepatic disease, HIV drugs, beta blockers, & hypercortisolism |
Manifestations:
Increase in smooth muscles Influx of macrophages Atherosclerosis |
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Atherosclerosis
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Causes:
Hypercholesteremia Increasing age Family history Smoking Obesity |
Manifestations:
Fatty Streaks (foam cells) Atheromatous Plaques (calcification) Complicated Lesions (scar) Angina in any tissue or organ |
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Small Vessel Vasculitis
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Causes:
Type 3 immune complex reaction Drugs, infections, autoimmune diseases |
Manifestations:
Fever Purpura Myalgia |
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Medium Vessel Vasculitis
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Causes:
Infections, drugs, neoplasias |
Manifestations:
Myalgia, low grade fever, arthralgia, & integument cyanosis |
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Large Vessel Vasculitis
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Causes:
Granulomatous (chronic inflammtion) |
Manifestations:
Headache, swelling and redness, blurred vision, facial pain |
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Acute Arteriole Occlusion
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Causes:
Embolus: free moving particle Thrombus: particle attached to surface |
Manifestations:
Pallor, pain, polar (cold), pulseless, paresthesia (pins and needles), paralysis, pistol shot onset |
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Atherosclerotic Occlusive Disease
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Causes:
Smoking Diabetes |
Manifestations:
Intermittent claudication Pain associated with walking Atrophic changes(light & shiny skin) Loss of hair follicles (alopecia) Ischemia Ulcerations Gangrene |
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Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)
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Cause:
Tobacco Use (smoking & chewing) |
Manifestations:
Intermittent claudication Pain associated with walking Cold sensitivity Atrophic changes |
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Raynaud's Disease
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Causes:
Disease: set off by cold or strong emotion (associated with women) Phenomenon: previous damage |
Manifestations:
Pallor, cyanosis, numbness, tingling, hyperemia, paresthesia, atrophic changes, ulcerations |
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Aneurysm
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Causes:
Congenital defects Trauma Infections Atherosclerosis Hypertension |
Manifestations:
Pain Hoarseness Dyspnea Difficulty swallowing |
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Aortic Dissection
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Causes:
Hypertension Medial layer degeneration of vessel Congenital defects to aorta |
Manifestations:
Excruciating pain Hypertension (early) Unobtainable pulse (later) Paralysis of lower extremities |
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Vericose Veins
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Causes:
Increased hydrostatic pressure(standing) Increased intra-abdominal pressure Obesity Primary: small superficial veins Secondary: great saphenous vein (deep) |
Manifestations:
Stasis dermatitis Raised vein appearance Aching, heavy legs |
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Chronic Venous Insufficiency
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Causes:
Deep vein thrombosis Valve failure |
Manifestations:
Edema Skin atrophy Necrosis of fat deposits Brown pigmentation (hemosiderin) Stasis dermatitis |
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Venous Thrombosis
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Causes:
Hypercoagulability Inherited risk factors Contraceptive & hormone replacement Cancer Infection Vessel injury |
Manifestations:
Asymptomatic Pain Swelling Deep muscle tenderness Fever General malaise Increased WBC count Increased erythrocyte sedimentation |
