Human Anatomy (Digestive System)

Front 1

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Back 1

A long hollow tube from the mouth to the anus where digestion & absorption occure

Front 2

The digestive system carries out six basic processes

Back 2

Ingestion of food into the mouth

Movement of food along the digestave tract

Mechanical preparationof food for digestion

Chemical digestion of food

Absorption of digested food into the circulatory & lymphatic systems

Elimination of indigestible substances & waste products from the bidy by defecation

Front 3

Chemical digestion

Back 3

A form of digestion that involves the addition of enzymes that break down nutrients

Front 4

Lymphatic systems

Back 4

A network of lymphoid organs, lymph nodes, lymph duct, lymphatic tissues, lymph capillaries & lymph vessles that produce & transports lymph fluid from the tissue to the circulatory system.

Front 5

There are four important functions of the lymphatic system

Back 5

Destruction of bacteria & other foreign substances that are present in lymp nodes

Specific immune responces that aid in manufacturing antibodies to destroy bacteria & foreign substance

The return if interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

Prevention of excessive accumulation of tisdue fulid & filtered proteins by drainage into highly permeable lymphatic capillaries in the connective tissue

Front 6

Epiglottis

Back 6

The cartilage of the throat that guards the entrance to the trachea & prevents fluid or food from entering it during the act of swallowing

Front 7

Bolus

Back 7

a food & saliva digestive mix that is swallowed & then moved through the digsetive tract

Front 8

Peristalsis

Back 8

The process by which muscles in the esophagus & intestines push fluid through the gastrointestinal tract in a wave like motion

Front 9

Cardiac sphincter

Back 9

Sits at the upper portion of tbe stomach; prevents food & stomach axid from splashing back into the esophagus from the stomach; also called the esophagus sphincter

Front 10

Chyme

Back 10

The semiliquid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum

Front 11

Pyloric sphincter

Back 11

Seprates the stomach from the small intestines

Front 12

Duodenum

Back 12

The top portion of tbe small intestine

Front 13

Jejunum

Back 13

In of three segments if the small intestine

Front 14

Ileum

Back 14

one of three sections of the small intestine

Front 15

Bile

Back 15

greenish yellow secretion that is produced in the liver and passed to the gallbladder for concentration, storage, or transport into the first region of the small intestine, the duodenum. Its function is to aid in the digestion of fats in the duodenum.

Front 16

Villi

Back 16

Finger-like projections from the folds of the small intestines

Front 17

Microvilla

Back 17

The tiny harelike projections on each cell villus that can trap nurrient particles & transport them into the cells for absorbtion

Front 18

Colon

Back 18

The lower portion of the large intestine, the primary function of which is to absorb water; its segments are the ascending colon, the transverse colon, & the sigmoid colon

Front 19

Electrolytes

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A mineral that exists as a charged iob in the body & that is extremely important for normal cellular function

Front 20

Glucose

Back 20

A simple sugar; the form in which all carbohydrates are used as the bodys principle energy source.

Front 21

Amino acids

Back 21

Nirtogen-containing compounds that are building blocks for protein

Front 22

Esophagus

Back 22

the part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach; the gullet. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane.

Front 23

Liver

Back 23

The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion. In humans, it is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm.

Front 24

Gallbladder

Back 24

Your gallbladder is a four-inch, pear-shaped organ. It's positioned under your liver in the upper-right section of your abdomen. The gallbladder stores bile, a combination of fluids, fat, and cholesterol. Bile helps break down fat from food in your intestine. The gallbladder delivers bile into the small intestine.

Front 25

Pancreas

Back 25

a large gland behind the stomach that secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum. Embedded in the pancreas are the islets of Langerhans, which secrete into the blood the hormones insulin and glucagon.

Front 26

Large intestine

Back 26

The large intestine, also known as the large bowel or colon, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the digestive system in vertebrates. Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being removed by defecation.

Front 27

Appendix

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a tube-shaped sac attached to and opening into the lower end of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals.

Front 28

Stomach

Back 28

the internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occurs, being (in humans and many mammals) a pear-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal linking the esophagus to the small intestine.

Front 29

Small intestine

Back 29

the part of the intestine that runs between the stomach and the large intestine; the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum collectively.

Front 30

Rectum

Back 30

the final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus.