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3 Cards in this Set
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How the digestive system functions to supply the body w/nutrients
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Digestive System:
Tube called the gastrointestinal tract that extends from the mouth to the anus Supply Nutrients Eliminate waste and toxins Others Liver Glycogen Makes up the digestive system: Mouth Pharynx & Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Pancreas Liver Supply Nutrients Converts food to usable form mechanically break down food into pieces by chewing Secrete saliva to moisten food and dissolve small molecules Enzymes in digestive juices breakdown nutrient molecules into smaller ones Absorption nutrients are transported to circulatory system from the GI tract Manufacture materials manufactures nutrients that are not obtained in adequate amounts from food Vit K -produced by bacteria in large intestine Non-essential amino acids are produced in liver Stores and Convert excess nutrients Liver stores excess nutrients until needed (glycogen) The liver also converts excess nutrients into other nutrients that are low in supply in foods eaten |
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Function/importance of the liver
*Understand how each area of the G.I. tract plays a different role in the digestive process |
Liver:
Largest gland in body Made up of lobules (microscopic unit) liver sinusoids capillaries that bring blood to cells Major Functions of Liver: produce bile--aid digestion/absorption removes excess nutrients in blood and manufactures nutrients that are in low supply removes alcohol, ammonia (urea) and meds from blood helps maintain BP (thru vasoconstriction) regulates proteins that regulate distribution of water in body |
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Age-related (abnormal) changes
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Difficult to distinguish age changes from changes produced by regularly ingested material
GI tract is exposed to substances and conditions from external environment Certain changes are age specific; others are caused by dietary or other factors |
