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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The mixture of enzymes and food matter passing from the stomach.
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Chyme
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Enzyme in saliva which breaks down starches.
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Amylase
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Organs such as the liver which aid in digestion but do not come into direct contact with food.
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Accessory Organs
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Something which aids in a chemical reaction occurring.
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Catalyst
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Organs such as the esophagus that directly transport the materials for digestion.
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Digestive Tract
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Chemical reaction which results in the catabolic breakdown of a molecule using a water molecule as the divider.
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Hydrolysis
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The smooth lump of food that is formed in the mouth and pushed down the esophagus.
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Bolus
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A large complex assembly of molecules. Four types.
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Macromolecule
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Organ found in the abdomen that performs hundreds of functions as an accessory organ of the digestive system, including the secretion of bile to digest fats; other functions include plasma protein production, blood detoxification, and glycogen storage.
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Liver
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Sugar that could be hydrolysized into two monosaccharides.
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Disaccharide
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Simple sugar that cannot be hydrolysized further.
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Monosaccharide
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A muscular ring between the esophagus and the stomach that controls the movement of food into and out of the stomach.
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Cardiac Sphincter
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The chemical reaction that happens when water is removed.
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Dehydration Synthesis
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Stores bile.
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Gall Bladder
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The tendency of the body to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.
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Homeostasis
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Stomach hormone that stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and the inactive precursor molecule of pepsin from glands in the stomach.
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Gastrin
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The amount of a nutrient that a person absorbs from a source, rather than the total amount actually in the source.
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Bioavailability
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Enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.
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Lipase
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Small gland in the abdomen that secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine, as well as bicarbonate to neutralize hydrochloric acid from the stomach; also secretes the hormone insulin.
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Pancreas
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Molecule that attaches to an enzyme and reduces its ability to bind substrate; two classes are competitive and non-competitive inhibitors.
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Inhibitor
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Enzyme which causes bile to be released.
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CCK
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The pancreatic enzyme which informs the duodenum to produce bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid.
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Secretin
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The tiny devices covering the villi.
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Microvilli
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The name of the first portion of the small intestine.
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Duodenum
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Muscular ring that acts as a valve between the stomach and the first part of the small intestine (duodenum), controlling the passage of food out of the stomach.
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Pyleoric Sphincter
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Stomach hormone that stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and the inactive precursor molecule of pepsin from glands in the stomach.
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Pepsinogen
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