Diagnostic Tests For Endocrine Disorders Chapter 50 Timby

Front 1

MEASURING BLOOD HORMONE LEVELS HELPS EVALUATE THE FUNCTIONING OF SOME ENDOCRINE GLANDS. THESE TESTS INCLUDE: ?

Back 1

1) CORTISOL LEVELS
2)ADH LEVELS
3) TESTOSTERONE LEVELS
4)TOTAL THYROXINE LEVELS

Front 2

WHAT IS THE REASON FOR CHECKING CORTISOL LEVELS ?

Back 2

~TO DETERMINE ADRENAL HYPERFUNCTION OR HYPOFUNCTION (DONE IN THE AM & PM)

Front 3

ADH LEVELS

Back 3

~ TO DETERMINE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ADH
*RECALL THAT ADH REGULATES REABSORPTION OF WATER IN THE KIDNEYS

Front 4

TESTOSTERONE LEVELS

Back 4

~ TO DETECT INCREASED OR DECREASED TOTAL TESTOSTERONE LEVELS

Front 5

TOTAL THYROXINE LEVEL

Back 5

~ TO IDENTIFY DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED OR DECREASED THYROID HORMONE LEVELS

Front 6

WHAT IS THE NORMAL VALUE OF T3?

Back 6

~ T3- 80-200Ng/dL

Front 7

WHAT IS THE NORMAL T4 VALUE ?

Back 7

~ T4-FREE IS:0.9-2.3ng/dL
~ t4 total is: 5-13.5ng/dL

Front 8

what is a radionuecleide ?

Back 8

~ it is an atom with unstable nucleus that emits ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION as alpha, beta, or gamma particles.

Front 9

what is a radioimmunoassay ?

Back 9

~ determines CONCENTRATION OF A SUBSTANCE IN PLASMA. VENOUS BLOOD SAMPLESare required for radioimmunoassay tests (a radioactive labeled substance (ie; HORMONE, PROTEIN, ANTIBODIES, ANTIGENS) is COMBINED in the lab with a blood sample to determine QUANTITY of the substance. for example, a T3.

Front 10

What test is performed to determine T3 levels ?

Back 10

~ RADIOIMMUNOASSAY TEST
~ TO DETERMINE THYROID FUNCTION

Front 11

A NUCLEAR SCAN IS USED FOR ?

Back 11

~ USES A RADIOCTIVE SUBSTANCE THAT IS TAKEN ORALLY OR INJECTED IV. THE DOSE OF THE RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCE IS LARGER THAN THE DOSE USED FOR RADIONUCLEIDE STUDIES. CERTAIN ENDOCRINE ORGANS ARE VISUALIZED OR THEIR ACTIVITY DETERMINED BY MEANS OF SPECIAL EQUIPMENT. EXAMPLES OF SCANS INCLUDE:
1) THYROID SCAN,
2) ADRENERGIC TUMOR SCAN,
3) PARATHYROID SCAN.

Front 12

RADIOGRAPHY, CT SCAN, AND MRI ARE USED TO ?

Back 12

CHEST or ABDOMNAL RADIOGRAPHS CAN DETECT TUMORS AS WELL AS DETERMINE ORGAN SIZE AND PLACEMENT.

Front 13

A CT IR MRI IS DONE TO ?

Back 13

` TO DETECT A SUSPECTED PITUITARY TUMOR OR TO IDENTIFY CALCIFICTIONS OR TUMORS OF THE PARATHYROID GLANDS.

Front 14

NURSING MANAGEMENT FOR THESE DIAGNOSTIC EXAMS IS.......?

Back 14

1) PREPARE THE CLIENT FOR LAB & DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
2) EXPLAIN THE GENERAL PURPOSE OF THE TEST, TYPE OF TEST, AND HOW IT WILL BE DONE.
3) ENCOURAGE THE CLIENT AND FAMILY TO ASK QUESTIONS AND DISCUSS THE RESULTS WITH THE PHYSICIAN
4)CHECK WITH THE FACILITY FOR PROCEDURE AND PROTOCOLS FOR EACH DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PREP. FOR THE EXAM
5)SOME TESTS, SUCH AS CT SCAN, EQUIRE NO SPECIAL PREP. OTHER THAN A GENERAL EXPLANATION.
6) SOME TESTS REQUIRE FASTING; OTHERS TEMPORARY ELIMINATION OF CERTAIN FOODS FROM THE DIET.

Front 15

IF THE CLIENT ASKS " IS THIS SAFE?"

Back 15

WHEN THIS QQUESTION IS ASKED ASSURE THE CLIENT THAT THESE SUBSTANCES ARE SAFE AND ORDINARILY POSE NO DANGER TO THE CLIENT OR OTHERS

Front 16

WHAT DOES PARATHORMONE REGULATE ?

Back 16

REGULATES METABOLISM OF CALCIUM & PHOSPORUS.

Front 17

A CLIENT IS DIAGNOSED WITH PARATHORMONE DEFICIENCY IS ADMITTED TO TE HOSPITAL. AS THE NURSE INITIATES THE PLAN OF CARE, WHICH BODY SYSTEM SHOULD THE NURSE FOCUS ON ?

Back 17

~ SKELETAL SYSTEM

Front 18

HOW ARE HORMONES REGULATED ?

Back 18

~ A FEEDBACK LOOP CONTROLS HORMONE LEVELS.

Front 19

WHAT IS A FEEDBACK LOOP ?

Back 19

~ IT IS A MECHANISM THAT TURNS HORMONE PRODUCTION OFF AND ON.

Front 20

IS A FEEDBACK LOOP POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE ?

Back 20

MOST HORMONES ARE SECRETED IN RESPONCE TO A NEGATIVE FEEDBACK;A DECREASE IN LEVELS STIMULATES THE RELEASING GLAND.

Front 21

IN POSITIVE FEEDBACK THE OPPOSITE OCCURS

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PREGNANCY IS AN EXAMPLE OF A POSITVE FEEDBACK LOOP.
WHY ? B/C TO MAINTAIN THE PREGNANCY

Front 22

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROLS HOMEOSTASIS THROUGH THE RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS;
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM USES...?

Back 22

~ HORMONES

Front 23

HOW DO ENDOCRINE GLANDS ALTER BODY FUNCTIONING ?

Back 23

~ ENDOCRINE GLANDS SECRETE HORMONES INTO INTERSTICIAL FLUID. THEN, THE HORMONES DIFFUSE INTO THE BLOOD.

Front 24

what is the hormone from the posterior or hypophysis ?

Back 24

~ there are two:
1) ADH
2) OXYTOCIN

Front 25

1)WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF ADH ?
2)what is it's HORMONE REGULATOR?

Back 25

1)INCREASES WATER ABSORPTION FROM KIDNEY; RAISES BLOOD PRESSURE.
2)HYPOTHALMIC SECRETIONS, BLOOD OSMOLARITY

Front 26

1)WHAT IS OXYTOCIN's FUNCTION
2)HYPOTHALMIC SECRETION IS...?

Back 26

~ Stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus and RELEASE OF BREAST MILK @ childbirth
~ HYPOTHALMIC SECRETIONS, UTERINE STRETCH, SUCKLING

Front 27

ANTERIOR PITUITARY:

Back 27

1) SOMATOTROPIN (growth hormone)
~ stimulates BONE AND MUSCLE GROWTH;PROMOTES PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND FAT MOBILIZATION

Front 28

PROLACTIN

Back 28

PROMOTES PRODUCTION AND SECRETION OF MILK AFTER CHILBIRTH

Front 29

THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)

Back 29

~STIMULATES PRODUCTION AND SECRETION OF THYROID HORMONES

Front 30

WHAT DOES PARATHORMONE REGULATE ?

Back 30

REGULATES METABOLISM OF CALCIUM & PHOSPORUS.

Front 31

A CLIENT IS DIAGNOSED WITH PARATHORMONE DEFICIENCY IS ADMITTED TO TE HOSPITAL. AS THE NURSE INITIATES THE PLAN OF CARE, WHICH BODY SYSTEM SHOULD THE NURSE FOCUS ON ?

Back 31

~ SKELETAL SYSTEM

Front 32

HOW ARE HORMONES REGULATED ?

Back 32

~ A FEEDBACK LOOP CONTROLS HORMONE LEVELS.

Front 33

WHAT IS A FEEDBACK LOOP ?

Back 33

~ IT IS A MECHANISM THAT TURNS HORMONE PRODUCTION OFF AND ON.

Front 34

IS A FEEDBACK LOOP POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE ?

Back 34

MOST HORMONES ARE SECRETED IN RESPONCE TO A NEGATIVE FEEDBACK;A DECREASE IN LEVELS STIMULATES THE RELEASING GLAND.

Front 35

IN POSITIVE FEEDBACK THE OPPOSITE OCCURS

Back 35

PREGNANCY IS AN EXAMPLE OF A POSITVE FEEDBACK LOOP.
WHY ? B/C TO MAINTAIN THE PREGNANCY

Front 36

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROLS HOMEOSTASIS THROUGH THE RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS;
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM USES...?

Back 36

~ HORMONES

Front 37

HOW DO ENDOCRINE GLANDS ALTER BODY FUNCTIONING ?

Back 37

~ ENDOCRINE GLANDS SECRETE HORMONES INTO INTERSTICIAL FLUID. THEN, THE HORMONES DIFFUSE INTO THE BLOOD.

Front 38

what is the hormone from the posterior or hypophysis ?

Back 38

~ there are two:
1) ADH
2) OXYTOCIN

Front 39

1)WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF ADH ?
2)what is it's HORMONE REGULATOR?

Back 39

1)INCREASES WATER ABSORPTION FROM KIDNEY; RAISES BLOOD PRESSURE.
2)HYPOTHALMIC SECRETIONS, BLOOD OSMOLARITY

Front 40

1)WHAT IS OXYTOCIN's FUNCTION
2)HYPOTHALMIC SECRETION IS...?

Back 40

~ Stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus and RELEASE OF BREAST MILK @ childbirth
~ HYPOTHALMIC SECRETIONS, UTERINE STRETCH, SUCKLING

Front 41

ANTERIOR PITUITARY:

Back 41

1) SOMATOTROPIN (growth hormone)
~ stimulates BONE AND MUSCLE GROWTH;PROMOTES PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND FAT MOBILIZATION

Front 42

PROLACTIN

Back 42

PROMOTES PRODUCTION AND SECRETION OF MILK AFTER CHILBIRTH

Front 43

THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)

Back 43

~STIMULATES PRODUCTION AND SECRETION OF THYROID HORMONES