Diabetes Naplex Study

Front 1

S/S: Diabetes

Back 1

Polyuria
Polyphagia
Polydypsia
Weight Loss

Front 2

Goal Blood Glucose values

Back 2

80-120

Front 3

Goal A1C

Back 3

<7%

Front 4

LDL Diabetic goal

Back 4

<100

Front 5

Brand: Aspart

Back 5

Novolog

Front 6

Brand: Lispro

Back 6

Humalog

Front 7

Brand: Regular Insulin

Back 7

Humulin R

Front 8

Brand: NPH Insulin

Back 8

Humulin N

Front 9

Brand: Glargine

Back 9

Lantus

Front 10

Brand: Detemir

Back 10

Levemir

Front 11

Name the rapid acting insulins

Back 11

Aspart
Lispro
Glulisine

Front 12

Name the short acting insulins

Back 12

Regular

Front 13

Name the long acting insulins

Back 13

Glargine
Detemir

Front 14

How long does it take rapid acting insulins to kick in

Back 14

5-15 minutes

Front 15

How long does it take short acting insulins to kick in

Back 15

30-60 minutes and lasts for 5-8 hours

Front 16

Name the intermediate acting insulin

Back 16

NPH

Front 17

How long does it take NPH to kick in

Back 17

2-4 hours and lasts for 10-16 hours

Front 18

How long does it take long acting insulins to kick in

Back 18

2-4 hours and lasts for 20-24 hours. Detemir takes slightly longer to take effect and lasts anywhere from 6-24 hours

Front 19

MOA: Sulfonylureas (2nd generations are most commonly used)

Back 19

stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells

Front 20

Brand: Glyburide

Back 20

Micronase

Front 21

Brand: Glipizide

Back 21

Glucotrol
Glucotrol XL

Front 22

Brand: Glimepiride

Back 22

Amaryl

Front 23

Don't use Sulfonylureas if...

Back 23

Sulfa allergy
Type I DM (won't work-their beta cells don't work)

Front 24

When does efficacy of sulfonylureas plateau?

Back 24

Half the maximum dose-if the patient is at half max dose another drug should be added instead of continuing to increase dose

Front 25

Sulfonylurea drug interactions:

Back 25

Cimetidine may increase hypoglycemic effects

Front 26

MOA: Meglitinide

Back 26

Stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells (faster action and shorter duration than typical sulfonylureas. Used primarly for high post prandial blood glucoses)

Front 27

Class: Repaglinide

Back 27

Meglitinide

Front 28

Repaglinide Drug Interactions

Back 28

It is a CYP3A4 substrate (probably not clinically significant)

Front 29

MOA: Nateglinide

Back 29

Stimulates insulin release from pancreatic beta cells and has a faster onset and shorter duration than typical SU. Used for postprandial blood glucose

Front 30

Brand: Nateglinide

Back 30

Starlix

Front 31

MOA: Metformin

Back 31

decreases hepatic glucose production, decrease intestinal absorption of glucose, and increase insulin sensitivity

Front 32

Brand: Metformin

Back 32

Glucophage
Glucophage XR

Front 33

Don't use metformin if...

Back 33

SCr>1.5
Lactic acidosis
Severe heart failure

Front 34

Temporarily stop metformin if...

Back 34

Undergoing a test requiring radiographic dye

Front 35

Metformin Drug Interactions include...

Back 35

Cimetidine (it may increase concentrations by 60%)

Front 36

MOA: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Back 36

Inhibits pancreatic enzymes, blocking the conversion of carbohydrates to glucose

Front 37

Class: Acarbose

Back 37

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Front 38

Class: Miglitol

Back 38

Alpha glucosidase inhibitor

Front 39

Brand: Acarbose

Back 39

Precose

Front 40

Brand: Miglitol

Back 40

Glyset

Front 41

Don't use alpha-glucosidase inhibitors if...

Back 41

IBD
Intestinal obstruction
Cirrhosis

Front 42

MOA: Thiazolidinediones

Back 42

PPAR-gamma activator which improves insulin sensitivity
Includes: Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone

Front 43

Brand: Rosiglitazone

Back 43

Avandia

Front 44

Brand: Pioglitazone

Back 44

Actos

Front 45

Thiazolidinedione side effects

Back 45

Liver toxicity
Fluid retention (reason behind heart failure issues)

Front 46

MOA: Pramlintide (Amylinomimetic)

Back 46

Increase in amylin reduces post-prandial blood sugars, prolongs gastric emptying, reducing postprandial glucagon secretion

Front 47

Don't use pramlintide if...

Back 47

gastroparesis (drug further delays gastric emptying)
hypoglycemia unawareness`

Front 48

Pramlintide: Admin

Back 48

Administer other drugs 1 hour prior to this drug

Front 49

Should insulin dose be reduced when beginning pramlintide?

Back 49

Yes, it should be reduced by 50%

Front 50

MOA: Exenatide

Back 50

Glucagon like peptide that increases insulin secretion, slows gastric emptying, and decreases food intake

Front 51

Exenatide: Admin

Back 51

Give other medications one hour prior to administration

Front 52

What is the black box warning on exetanide?

Back 52

Pancreatitis

Front 53

Brand: Exenatide

Back 53

Byetta

Front 54

MOA: Sitagliptin

Back 54

Prolongs the active incretin levels of GLP and GIP

Front 55

Brand: Sitagliptin

Back 55

Januvia

Front 56

Sitagliptin Contraindications

Back 56

Low renal function
Concurrent digoxin use (may increase digoxin concentration)

Front 57

How long may insulin be stored out of the refrigerator once opened?

Back 57

28 days

Front 58

Which two insulins should never be mixed with others insulins?

Back 58

Glargine
Detemir

Front 59

In what order should insulins be mixed?

Back 59

Air in cloudy
Air in clear and draw up clear
Draw up cloudy

Front 60

Prediabetes Blood Sugar Diagnosis:

Back 60

Fasting Glucose: 100-125

Front 61

Diabetes Blood Sugar Diagnosis:

Back 61

Fasting Glucose: >/= 126