Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the rods you are seeing on your ear cytology (which you do for every otitis case of course)?
|
1) Pseudomonas
2) E. coli 3) Proteus 4) Klebsiella |
|
Scabies genus in cats?
|
Notoedres
|
|
What form of demodex is contagious in cats?
|
Demodex gattoi
|
|
Do acute otitis externa cases require systemic antibiotics?
|
Hardly ever.
|
|
Name the structure attacked in bullous pemphigoid.
|
Hemidesmosome; which adheres the epidermis to the dermis.
|
|
What is the skin lesion of hepatocutaneous syndrome?
|
Necrolytic migratory eythema (in humans)
|
|
What topical antimicrobial penetrates follicles and is hydrolyzed by bacterial lipases to lactate and ethanol which kill bacteria, is degreasing, and comedolytic?
|
Ethyl lactate
|
|
What common organism is chlorhexidine not effective against?
|
Pseudomonas
|
|
Name the structure attacked in pepmphigus foliaceus and vulgaris.
|
Desmosone (Hemidesmosome is incorrect; see Bullous pemphigoid)
|
|
Name 2 topical steroids used in the treatment of pruritus.
|
Betamethasone - Otomax© & gentocin spray
Hydrocortisone (0.5-2%) - Resicort© The following are absorbed systemically: Dexamethasone in Tresaderm© Triamcinalone in Panalog© |
|
What is the antifungal agent in Otomax©? How about Conofite?
|
Otomax = clotrimazole
Conofite - miconazole |
|
What do you need to do about localized demodicosis?
|
Nothing really. You can try benzoyl peroxide but can't prevent from becoming generalized.
|
|
4 differentials for focal or patchy alopecia.
|
1) demodicosis
2) chyletiellosis 3) dermatophytosis 4) bacterial pyoderma (focal) |
|
Condition common in standard poodles & northern breeds with alopecia.
|
Sebaceous adenitis. Trichogram shows dead cells around root not washed out by normal sebaceous gland function.
|
|
Hairless only in black-haired regions ...
|
Black hair follicular dysplasia
|
|
Head mange in cats; are the mites easy to find?
|
Yes. you should find mites.
|
|
How do you diagnose Chyletiella?
|
1) fecal float (from grooming)
2) trichogram |
|
How do you treat chyletiella?
|
1) Revolution©
2) Lime sulfur dip 3) Weekly ivermectin |
|
Most common gram- isolate associated with otitis externa?
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
|
|
Name 2 common differentials for alopecia.
|
1) demodicosis
2) dermatophytosis |
|
Scabies distribution in cats?
|
Head (head mange)
|
|
The scabies triad?
|
Pinnae
Elbows Hocks |
|
What do yeasts look like on cytology?
|
Peanut-shaped
|
|
What do you treat cats with scabies (head mange) with?
|
1) ivermectin weekly SQ
2) Selemectin (Revolution©) 3) Lime sulfur |
|
What fills the lesions of pemphigus foliaceus as apposed to vulgaris?
|
Vulgaris = serum
Foliaceus = suppurative exudates (pus) |
|
What is the treatment of choice for Demodex gattoi in cats?
|
lime sulfur dips
|
|
What is walking dandruff?
|
Chyletiella
|
|
What should you think of demodicosis in an older dog?
|
Immunosuppression
|
|
What would you see on a trichogram in a dog with dilutional alopecia?
|
clumps of melanosomes along the hair shaft which are weak points.
|
|
Why don't we use ivomec cattle prep in cats?
|
The propylene glycol can cause heinze body anemia.
|
|
Enrofloxacin has gram+ and gram- dosages ... what are they?
|
(+)5 mg/kg SID
(-)22mg/kg SID |
|
3 things you want to do with cases of otitis media.
|
1) flush (anesthesia)
2) culture & sensitivity 3) systemic antibiotics |
|
What is in Otomax© ?
|
Betamethasone
Gentomycin Clotrimazole |
|
What is in Tresaderm© ?
|
Dexamethasone
Neomycin Thiabendazole |
|
non-pruritic, symmetrical, hyperpigmented alopecia which may wax and wane seasonally in a Boxer?
|
Cyclical flank alopecia
|
|
Name 5 topical drugs for pseudomonas.
|
1) Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
2) Polymyxin B 3) Enrofloxacin 4) Tobramycin 5) Amikacin |
|
Two conditions associated with lack of hair regrowth?
|
Cushing's
Hypothyroidism |
|
Give 3 options for treating generalized demodicosis.
|
1) Amitraz dip (only FDA approved treatment)
2)Daily ivermectin 300-600μg/kg PO SID x 1 month (build up to final dose)then rescrape. Treat one month beyond negative scraping. 3) Milbemycin (Interceptor) (dunno the dose and protocol) |
|
What ear product has silver sulfadiazene in it?
|
Baytril otic.
|
|
Most common yeast found in dogs and cats?
|
Malassezia pachydermatis
|
|
What is the most common cause of hotspots?
|
Flea Allergy Dermatitis
|
|
Name 3 underlying causes of chronic otitis externa?
|
1) allergy (atopy, food)
2) conformational 3) cushings/hypothyroidism ... 4) Nasal polyp in cats with unilateral OE |
|
How do yo treat scabies?
|
1) Revolution© every 2 weeks for 3 doses
2) Ivermectin weekly for 4-6 doses 3) Milbemycin 4) lime sulfur dips |
|
How do you approach treatment of a hotspot?
|
1) Clip
2) Dry (with an astringent) 3) Oral antibiotics if folliculitis present concurrently |
|
Most common bacterial isolate associated with otitis externa?
|
Staphylococcus intermedius
|
|
What causes scabies incognito?
|
As scabies progresses, the sensitivity becomes a hypersensitivity and so is less proportionate to the mite load.
|
|
What diagnostic is indicated when otitis media is suspected but the tympanum or a tympanic rupture cannot be visualized?
|
Radiographics studies of the bullae.
|
|
Name 2 topical anesthetic therapies for pruritus.
|
Pramoxime 1% - Relief©
Lidocaine 1% - Dermacool© |
|
Name some antimicrobials for topical use for otitis.
|
Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
Baytril otic (no steroid) Neomycin - Tresaderm(+dex +thiobendazole) Gentamycin - Otomax (+clotrimazole +betamethasone), Gentacin otic |
|
Name 3 PRACTICAL categories of otitis
|
1) Acute otitis externa (swimmer's ear)
2) Chronic/recurrent OE (Cocker's ear ;) 3) Otitis media |
|
The 3 most common species of Staphylococcus on canine skin?
|
S. intermedius
S. hycus S. aureus |