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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Condition? Treatment? |
Milia Self-limiting, appear and disappear during the first month |
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Condition? Treatment? |
Epstein Pearls Self-limiting, benign |
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Condition? Most likely colonizing species? How long does it last? Is there scarring? |
Neonatal Acne Malassezia Resolves in first 4 months No scarring |
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Condition? Cause? Need to screen for what? Onset? MC in male or female? Is there scarring? |
Infantile acne Hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands due androgen stimulation Screen for congenital adrenal hyperplasia Onset 3 -4 months MC in males Scarring |
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Condition? Cause? Onset? Duration MC seen in? |
Harlequin color change Caused by immature autonomic regulation Occurs in first 2 - 5 days of life Duration is seconds to 20 minutes MC in premature babies |
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Condition? Cause? Tx? |
Mottling (cutis marmorata) Caused by a vascular response to cold Resolves with warming, no other tx needed |
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Condition? Onset? MC in? MC area? Diagnosis made? Test? Contents of pustules? Tx? |
Erythema toxicum, develops first few days after birth MC in full term infants MC on chest Diagnosis made clinically, wright stained smear Pustules contain eosinophils Self-limiting, resolves in 5 -7 days |
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Condition? Description? Diagnosis made? MC areas affected? |
Intrauterine sucking lesions Non-inflammatory, thick-walled bullae or vesicles containing sterile fluid Diagnosis of exclusion Dorsal/radial aspects of hands, fingers affected |
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Condition? Cause? Description? Area affected? Onset? Tx? |
Miliaria crystalina Stratum corneum obstruction, more superficial than miliaria rubra Small superficial vesicles without erythema Head and upper chest affected, buccal mucosa Presents in first week of life Place in cool environment, will self-resolve |
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Condition? Cause? Description? Area affected? Onset? Tx? |
Miliaria rubra Obstruction of eccrine sweat gland deeper in epidermis Erythematous grouped papules Head and upper chest affected Presents in first week of life Place in cool environment, will self-resolve |
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Condition? Onset? Tx? |
Acrocyanosis Seen in delivery room Self-limiting |
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Condition? Description? MC areas affected? How long do they last? |
Nevus flameus ( aka nevus simplex, stork bite, angel kiss) Blanchable capillary malformations that present as pink-red macules Eyelid, glabella, nape of neck Fade by 1 - 2 yo, back of neck may persist (benign) |
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Condition? Cause? When to refer? Disease need to rule out? Tx? |
Port-wine nevus Ectasia (dilation) of superficial capillaries, persistent macular erythema If mark crosses midline, refer to neuro Need to rule out Sturge-Weber Syndrome Tx is cosmetic, laser surgery |
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Condition? Commonly seen in? Phases? Types? MC? Complications? MC? Tx? |
Hemangioma (MC tumor of infancy!!!) Females > males, caucasians Proliferation --> involution Types: Superficial - MC, bright red papule, Deep - blue, skin colored, nodule Complications -->airway compromise, visual problems (exopthalmous, globe displacement, astigmatism), ulceration (MC), bleeding Tx with propanolol |
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Condition? Commonly confused for? MC ethnic group found in? Cause? Areas affected? Prognosis? |
Mongolian Spots Child abuse Asians (85%)> blacks > hispanics > whties Collection of spindle-shaped melanocytes deep in the dermis Affects lumbar sacral areas, buttocks, lower limbs, back, flanks, shoulders Fades in early childhood |
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Condition? Onset? When to refer? Need to rule out? Regular, smooth borders called? Single lesions in how many patients? |
Cafe-au-lait spot Birth or early childhood Refer if 6 or more Need to rule out neurofibromatosis (elephant man) "Coast of California" Single lesions in 35% of patients |
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Condition? Onset and growth? Description? Pattern? Presentation in adults? Tx? |
Spitz nevus Onset before 10 yo (most before 20 yo) and growth for 3 - 6 months, then stable Pinkish, reddish, < 6mm, sharply cirucmscribed, symmetrical Starburst or peripheral globular pattern Brownish black lesions in adults Typical - monitor, atypical - wide margin excision |
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Condition? Onset? Cause? Tx? Need to rule out? |
Congenital melanocytic nevus Birth, early childhood Melanocytes arising during embryogenesis Tx is observation (small) or excision (atypical) If over lumbrosacral, rule out spinal dsyraphism |
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Condition? Associated structures? Onset? Rate seen? Rule out? |
Epidermal nevus Hair follicles, sebaceous, eccrine, and apocrine glands, benign harmatomatous growths Birth or early childhood 1 - 3 per 1000 births Rule out systemic diseases associated with eye, brain, and musculoskeletal system |
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Condition? Patho? Associated with what disease? Onset? Tx? |
Vitiligo - acquired skin depigmentation Autoimmune attack against melanocytes Associated with thyroid disease 50% onset 10 - 30 yo, few at birth Tx with bleaching creams, steroid creams, PUVA, laser, cosmetics |
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Condition? Infection of? Caused by? (4 factors) Prevalence? Tx? |
Acne vulgaris Disease of pilosebaceous follicles Involves retention hyperkeratosis, increased sebum production, propionibacterium acnes in the follicle, and inflammation MC cutaneous disorder, 90% prevalence, 17 million affected Tx depends on severity, can use tretinoin, azealic acid, benzoyl peroxide, topical abx, PO isoretinoin CI in pregnant |
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Condition? Pathopneumonic term? Onset? Pathogens? Progression? RF? |
Non-bullous impetigo MC Honey-colored crust 2 - 5 yo Staph aureus, Group A beta hemolytic strep Papules --> vesicles surrounded by erythema --> pustules --> crust RF --> crowding, poverty, scabies, humid conditions |
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Condition? Progression? Pathogen? Tx? Spread? When can children return to school? Sequelae? |
Bullous impetigo Vesicles --> bull with yellow fluid --> become darker and rupture with brown crust Staph aureus Abx, clindamycin if MRSA Spread by contact Children can return to school 24 hrs after starting abx tx Ecthyma |
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Condition? Presenting sign? Onset? Pathogen? Areas affected? Tx? |
Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSS) Niklosky sign - sloughing of skin Infants < 2 yo Coagulase positive staph Seen in areas of mechanical stress, pressure Tx --> hospitalization, burn therapy, abx |
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Condition? Complication of? Description? Pathogen? Commonly seen in? |
Ecthyma Impetigo, ulcerative form Punched out ulcer, with yellow crust, surrounded by violaceous margin, extends through epidermis and deep into dermis Staph, MRSA Males > females, children 7 - 11 |
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Condition? Etiology? MC area affected? Pathogen? Description? Duration? |
Erythema nodosum Infecion, drugs, inflammatory/granulatomous diseases Anterior legs (pretibial) MC is strep, seen with sarcoidosis, TB Bilateral, tender nodules, bruise like appearance Lasts 3 - 6 weeks without scarring or atrophy |
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Condition? Lesion description? Etiology? Seen with? Tx? Diagnosis? |
Erythema multiforme Target Infection MC (90% of cases)(HSV), medication, malignancy, medication Seen with prodromal symptoms, fever, myalgia Tx the symptoms KOH scraping |
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Condition? MC onset? Diagnostic? Tx? |
Tinea capitis Early childhood Appears green under Wood's lamp Griseofulvin for kids, terbinazine and itraconazole in adults, topic ineffective |
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Condition? Description? Diagnosis? Tx? Tx thats not effective? |
Tinea corporis Circular, sharply marginated, raised edge, +/- scaling KOH scraping Antifungals Nystatin not effective |
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Condition? Pathogen? Tx? MC area affected in adults? in children? |
Tinea versicolor Pityrosporum orbiculare Selenium sulfide, head and shoulders Upper trunk Proximal upper extrimities |
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Condition? Patho? Description? Colonizing pathogen? Tx? |
Diaper dermatitis Prolonged exposure of skin to urine, feces, contains irritating chemicals such as urea, intestinal enzymes Beefy red with confluent erosion and satellite lesions or pustules Candida albicans Nystatin (first choice), frequent diaper changes, air drying, azole creams |
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Condition? Types? (MC?) Disorder of? Description? Tx? |
Ichthyosis Ichthyosis vulgaris, x-linked ichthyosis (MC) Keratinization or cornification Hyperlinearity of palms, white to grey scaling on extensors and abdomen, keratosis pilarsis often seen Vaseline (best), emolients, humectants, keratolytics |
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Condition? Patho? MC type? |
Epidermolysis bullosa Rare inherited group of disorders characterized by marked mechanical fragility of epithelial tissue with blistering and erosion following minor trauma MC type is simplex |
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Condition? Tx options? (5x) Associated with? Diagnosis made? Labs show elevated? |
Atopic dermatitis Wash hands and face with soap, identify and prevent trigger exposure, topical steroids, phototherapy, antihistamines Associated with personal or family history of atopy, allergic rhinitis, or asthma Diagnose made with itchiness and 3 of the following: crease involvement, visible dermatitis, asthma, hay fever, first degree relative (in < 4 yo), dry skin, symptoms before 2 yo IgE |
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Condition? Lesions? Tx? Area affected? |
Nummular eczema 2 - 10 cm, papules, scaling, serous oozing, slight crusting, pruritic Emollient based high potency topical steroids Trunk and lower limbs |
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Condition? Type of hypersensitivity? Description? Tx |
Allergic dermatitis Hypersensitivity Type IV Intensely pruritic, papular erythematous rash with indistinct margins Avoid allergens, topical/oral steroids, oatmeal bath, calamine lotion |
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Condition? Description? Areas affected? MC? |
Seborrheic dermatitis Redness, scaling, scaling/flaking of the scalp Nasolabial folds, around ears, MC cradle cap |
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Condition? Duration? Tx? |
Cradle cap Resolves during the first year Remove crust with olive oil --> baby shampoo --> ketoconazole shampoo --> hydrocortisone, selenium sulfide, head and shoulders, soft brush |
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Condition? Patho? Tx? |
Dandruff Sebohorreic dermatitis of the scalp Shampoo: antiproliferative (Head and shoulders, selsun blue) and antifungal (ketaconanzole) |
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Condition? Description? Areas affected? Tx? |
Keratosis pilaris Keratotic follicular papules with variable perifollicular erythema, keratotoic papules Extensor surfaces or proximal thighs and arms Often self-resolves, "tincture of time", topical emollients, keratolytics, retinoids, steroids |
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Condition? Description? Tx? |
Epidermoid cyst aka sebaceous cysts (MC) Dermal nodules with central punctum Surgical excision |
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Condition? Onset? Description? Tx? MC complication? |
Dermoid cyst Present at birth congenital subcutaneous lesion, 1 - 4 cm, slow growing, nonpulsatile, nontender, skin colored or blue Surgical excision Infection |
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Condition? Description? Indicate what connection? Area affected? Evaluate for? |
Dermal sinus Midline lesion, sacral dimples Connection between skin surface and spinal cord Lumbosacral area Spinal dysraphism (neural tube defects) |
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Condition? Initial presentation? Description? Tx? Duration? |
Pityriasis rosea Herald patch Christmas tree pattern Self-limiting, benign Remits after 6 weeks |
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Condition? Transmission? Causes itching? Tx? Duration? |
Pediculosis capitis aka lice Direct contact, shared hats, towels, combs, bedding Feces, saliva Permethrin, malathion, tx is repeated in 7 and 14 days due to maturation cycle of eggs |
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Condition? Pathogen? Increased when? Presentation? Areas affected? Tx? Concern with? |
Scabies Sarcoptes scabiei Increased at night Linear burrows, intensely pruritic, erythematous, scaly, rash Finger webs, wrists, ankles, fingers, anterior axillary folds, genitalia, face Permethrin, Neruo/CNS toxicity |
