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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four stages of cognitive development?
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Sensorimotor
Pre-operational Operational Formal operational |
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What happens with pre-schoolers in the pre-operational stage?
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They have judgment errors in conservation tasks and think appearance is reality
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At what age do children under conservation?
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5-7 years old...now concrete operational
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At what age does logical reasoning kick in?
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7-11 years old
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How do logic skills change in the concrete operational stage?
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*Identity does not change based on appearance
*Gender consistency *No more conservation problems (the taller container does not hold more than the short one) |
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Reversibility occurs in what stage?
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Concrete operational...logical reasoning
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What is inductive reasoning?
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Generalizing from particulars
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Deductive reasoning is not fully developed until what stage?
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Formal operational thought
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What are the two skilled processes?
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Automatic and controlled
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The _________ process is fast, mandatory, and non-modifiable
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Automatic
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What is IQ?
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The measure of mental age to chronological age
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Name the skills in formal operational stage?
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*Deductive reasoning (conclusions follow from premises) Ex: "All men are mortal", "Socrates is a man", "Socrates is mortal"
*Hypothetical reasoning *Formal logic |
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What are the pervasive developmental disorders?
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Autism
Asperger's syndrome Savant syndrome |
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When do autism symptoms occur?
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Age 3
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What is the likely beginning of autism?
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Problems in brain stem development in embryonic stage, over proliferation of certain neurons may result in "over-connectivity" in some brain regions
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Name symptoms of autism.
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*Lack of social behavior
*Unresponsiveness to people's emotions *Inability to communicate *Repetitive motions *Hypersensitive to touch and sound |
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Autism is ______ associated with the same genes.
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Weakly
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T or F
Metal toxicity is a cause of autism |
False
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What syndrome is also called "High Functioning Autism"?
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Asperger's syndrome
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What are the characteristics of Asperger's syndrome?
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Better language skills and poor social skills (unresponsiveness to others)
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What is savant syndrome?
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Person's with brilliant abilities in specific areas
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T of F
People with savant syndrome usually have no symptoms of autism. |
False
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Who is more likely to have savant syndrome?
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Boys
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Which side of the brain are savant skills notable?
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The right side
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What is mental retardation?
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Delay in all intellectual levels
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What is the leading cause of genetically based mental retardation?
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Fragile X syndrome...genetic abnormality on chromosome X
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T of F
Learning disabilities are dependent of autism. |
False
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Name two common types of learning disabilities.
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Dyslexia
Dyscalcula |
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What is dyslexia?
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Delayed reading ability
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Who attempted to explain dyslexia?
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Orton (1920's and 1930's)
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What is dyscalcula?
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Dela y in math skills
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How many child are diagnosed with ADHD?
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15%
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What are the official criteria for ADHD?
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*Over activity
*Inattention *Impulsivity |
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What is the most common drug treatment for ADHD?
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*Amphetamines
*Methylphenidate (Ritalin) |
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T or F
ADHD patients do not need psychological therapy with medical treatment. |
False
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Children with ADHD symptoms also suffer from what?
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Sleep apnea
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At what age should Ritalin be prescribed?
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age 6
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