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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Explain the importance of the study of dental materials for the allied oral health practitioner

Safety (handling, disposal..etc)


Maintenance (cleaning,polishing)


Delivery (behavior of material, manipulation of material, assisting in delivery of material)


Patient Education (options of material choices)

Explain why its necessary that the allied oral health practitioner have an understanding of dental materials for the delivery of dental care

It can help to ensure the ultimate success of a patients dental work

Discuss what EBDM is and the questions you might ask yourself or your practice to make sure you are increasing the potential for successful patient care outcomes

(Evidence- Based Decision Making) helps the clinician make decisions on what is relevant to incorporate into practice.


What techniques, technology, and products that you recommend?


How do you read the published scientific literature to make sure a product provides a clinical benefit to the patient?


Do you give samples to patients?


How does your office stay informed about new trends?

List the agencies responsible for setting standards and specifications of dental materials


ADA (American Dental Association)


FDA (Food and Drug Administration)


ISO (International Standards Organization)

List the requirements necessary for a consumer product to qualify for the ADA Seal of Acceptance

-Submit ingredient lists and other product information for review and approval


-Supply data from clinical and/or lab studies that support the products safety and effectiveness

List the qualities of the oral environment that make it challenging for long term clinical performance of dental materials

Materials must be biocompatible, durable, and nonreactive

Describe the long term clinical requirements of therapeutic and restorative materials

The materials must be compatible in different environments with different temperatures and acid levels.

List the 3 types of biting forces and the tooth structures most ideally suited to them

Compressive-"chewing" to compress; Posterior teeth


Tensile- "tug of war" stretching in opposite directions; biting forces to stretch and object


Shearing- "Tearing" when 2 surfaces slide against each other; incisors to tear things

Define stress, strain, and ultimate strength

Stress- internal force that resists applied forces


Strain- Amount of distortion of deformation when the object cannot resist a stress


Ultimate Strength- Max. amount of stress can take without breaking

Describe the effects of moisture and acidity on dental materials

It breaks down most restorative materials because they cant withstand the acidity or moisture of the environment.

Describe the process used to achieve mechanical, chemical, and bonding retention

Mechanical- the use of undercuts into which the material is locked in place. (amalgam preparation)


Chemical- connects the two surfaces like dental cement.


Bonding- when the tooth surface is prepared through the use of an acid- etch technique to create micro pores in enamel and dentin.



Describe microleakage and how the results of this process can lead to recurrent decay and postoperative sensitivity

Its a leakage of fluid and bacteria caused by micro gaps that occur at the interface of the tooth and the restoration margins.

Define primary and secondary bonds and give an example of how each determines the properties of the material

Primary bonds are the strongest bonds that hold atoms together b/c they involve the exchanging or sharing of electrons. (Ionic, Covalent,metallic)


Secondary weaker bonds that no transfer or sharing of electrons occurs. Leads to deformation or fracture. (hydrogen, Van der Vaals)

List the 3 forms of matter and give a defining characteristic of each

Solid


Liquid


Gas

Define hardness and describe how hardness contributes to abrasion resistance

Hardness- resistance of a solid to penetration.


Its used to determine the ability of an abrasive to scratch or resist scratching the substrate to which it is applied

Define elasticity and give an example of when elasticity is desirable in dental procedures

Elasticity- The ability of a material to recovers its shape completely after deformation from an applied force.


EX. impression materials that have to be stretched over the tooth without permanent deformation.

Define ductility and malleability and explain how these characteristics contribute to the edge strength of a gold crown

Ductility- the ability of a material to resist fracture


Malleability- the ability to be compressed and formed into a thin sheet without rupture


-Gives the metal the ability to resist fracture or abrasion even at fine margins

Differentiate between toughness and resilience

Resilience- resisting to permanent deformation


-ex.Impression materials & orthodontic wire


Toughness- resisting fracture


-ex. restorative materials

Define viscosity and thixotropic materials and describe the clinical significance of each

Viscosity- Ability of a liquid material to flow


-the higher the viscosity of a liquid; the more easy it will flow


Thixotropic- propert of a liquid to flow more readily under mechanical force


-flow under mechanical forces; the operator controls the flow

Describe the reaction stages a material undergoes to acquire its final state.

Mixing Time (30 sec)


Working Time (2 min 30 sec)


Initial Set (2 min)


Final Set TIme (6 min)

Explain the components of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration Hazard Communication Standard.

It is made to let employees have the right and the need to know the identity and the hazards of chemicals that they use in the workplace.


"Employee Right to Know Law"


Requires employees to take a hazard communication program

Describe the ways that chemicals can enter the body

Skin- absorption can happen through any cuts, open soars, or inflamed hands


Inhalation- any gases, vapors, or dust of materials


Ingestion- "swallowing" eating in an infected area or eating with infected hands

Describe the basic infection control methods for the handling of dental materials in the treatment area.

Wearing protective PPE


-Mask


-Eyewear


-Gloves


-Protective clothing

Discuss the effects of acid etching on enamel and dentin

Enamel- removes a small portion of the surface,reduces the ends of the enamel rods, and opens porosities(openings) between adjacent rods


Dentin- Dissolves the smear layer, then portions of the hydroxyapatite crystals from the surface of the dentin, creating a porous surface and exposing collagen fibrils that are part of the dentin matrix

Describe the basic steps of bonding

-Prepare the surface of the tooth(removing plaque and debris)


-etching the enamel or dentin


-bonding agent is flowed over the etched surface; penetrates into the micro pores; hardens when cured and creates resin tags that lock into the tooth creating mechanical bond

Explain the differences between bonding to enamel and bonding to dentin

-Bonding strength to dentin is usually less than to enamel


-Bonding to enamel is simpler then to dentin; requires only low-viscosity liquid


- A primer is more important on dentin than enamel

Describe the agents used for bonding

Self- etching (no etch)


Total- etching (all-etch)


Explain the differences between the total- etch and self- etch bonding techniques

Total- etch (all etch) requires etching with rinsing and drying; dentin needs to be slightly moist


Self- etch (no etch) no need for rinsing and drying. Uses a two bottle system

Discuss the factors that interfere with good bonding

-Blood or Saliva on the etched enamel or dentin


-Oil lubricant from the hand piece


-flavoring agents in prophy paste


-Overly dry or wet surface


- Failure to adequately cure the bonding resin