Dental Materials

Front 1

biomaterials

Back 1

man made materials that are used to replace tissues or that function in intimate contact with living tissues

Front 2

dental materials

Back 2

are biomaterials used in or around the oral cavity

Front 3

biologic materials

Back 3

oral tissues are biologic tissues.
all oral tissues must function in the hostile environment of the oral cavity.

Front 4

enamel

Back 4

resist compressive forces
weak resistance to bending and other forces when food ground by molars
enamel is supported by dentin
enamel will disolve in oral fluids if the pH is to acidic; dental carries will be the result

Front 5

dentin

Back 5

bulk of the tooth
cushion
provide strength to resist complex forces when biting
more susceptible than enamel to acidic attack

Front 6

pulp

Back 6

provides nutrients to the dentin
responds to stimuli with pain or sensitivity

Front 7

periodontium

Back 7

supports the tooth: stable dynamic position
periodontal ligament,cementum,and alveolar bone.
provides feedback regarding force placed on the tooth.

Front 8

gingivitis tissue

Back 8

seal out many noxious agents; chemicals,and microbes from gaining access to the periodontium and deeper tissues.
surround and attach to teeth/barrier
oral cavity is more like outside.
biomaterials placed in oral cavity have different requirements f t I'm devices implanted inside.

Front 9

restrictions on material use
the nature and size of oral cavity restrict the use of materials

Back 9

a.)biting forces/may fracture teeth &replacement materials
b.)degradation of:
.materials such ascorrosion of metal
.teeth such as dental carries
c.) temp. changes that cause restoration to contract and expand differently than teeth,causing leakage around restoration and tooth sensitivity
d.)biocompatibility: lack of harmful effects to the patient.
e.)esthetic demands of the patient

Front 10

effects of dental materials and oral environment on each other

Back 10

orthodontic appliances make the patient more susceptible to gingivitis inflammation and carries
yeast or other microbes may colonize a denture may cause it to become foul smelling

Front 11

1700's

Back 11

Ivory:carved
Porcelain: fired into tooth shapes
Wax & Gypsum: impressions and models
Zinc Oxide-Eugenol & Zinc Phosphate: fillings and cement

Front 12

1800's dintistry was becoming scientific based discipline

Back 12

Amalgam: silver filling material
porcelain :inlay and crowns

Front 13

base and liner

Back 13

using under a metal restoration between pulp and and the filling can reduce or eliminate sensitivity to cold and hot foods and beverages.

Base: strength and thermal insulation: greater bulk: restore part of missing tooth structure and provide thermal insulation.
Liner: thin layer of material to protect underlying dentin from chemical irratation

Front 14

dental implants

Back 14

screws or posts that are anchored to alveolar bone that protrude through the gingiva into the oral cavity.

used to replace the root portion of lost teeth

both inside and outside the body

Front 15

Direct Restorative: cavity preparation
material is like putty that sets and become hard.

Back 15

a.) amalgam : liquid mercury with powdered metals :directly placed and carved
b.) Composites: esthetic material that polymerize in the mouth : paste placed in preparation and set by chemical reaction
c.) Glass ionomers & other cement : motor like materials :set by acid base chemical reaction.

Front 16

Indirect restoration fabricated outside the mouth/ could harm oral tissues

Back 16

a.) Gold Crowns and inlays: made by melting metals and pouring (forcing)into molds
b.)Ceramic: many techniques : ceramic powder is fired at high temp. and becomes solid object
example: porcelain crown
c.) Indirect Restorative Polymers: plastics processed or cured at elevated temp. under high pressure.
example: pink gingival portion of a denture.