Dental Anatomy

Front 1

Alignment of 24, 25, and 23, 26?

Back 1

Large F (but less than 8,9)
small D

Front 2

7,10
Prox view
D root surface?

Back 2

flat, no depression

Front 3

19, 30
F view
What grooves can you see and are they pitted?

Back 3

MF groove often pitted
DF groove may have a pit

Front 4

5, 12
Occlusal view
occlusal table outline?
# of tri. ridges and transverse ridges?
# of fossae

Back 4

trapezoid
2 tri ridges with 1 transverse ridge
2 fossae

Front 5

Alignment of 3,14 and 2, 15?

Back 5

Large F (20 degrees)
Middle M

Front 6

Are we diphyodonts or heterodonts? What do those terms mean?

Back 6

we are both
Diphyodont: dec. and perm. teeth
Heterodont: different types of teeth (PMs, molars, incisors, etc)

Front 7

2,15 (4 cusp type)
Lingual view
What is lingual groove in line with?

Back 7

L groove in line with palatal root

Front 8

6, 11
F view
M outline in cervical?
M outline in middle?

Back 8

flat in cervical
convex in middle

Front 9

3, 14
Facial view
What is the shape of the roots and which roots make the shape?

Back 9

plier handle made by MF, DF

Front 10

dec. max canines (C, G)
Are incisal cutting arms straight like 6, 11 or angled like 22, 27?

Back 10

angled like 22, 27

Front 11

Do contacts get smaller or larger over a lifetime?

Back 11

larger (flatter and wider)

Front 12

As areas of teeth wear, especially interproximally, what process corrects it?

Back 12

mesial drift

Front 13

With what teeth do max. occlude?

Back 13

mand. namesake and D neighbor

Front 14

Where is a large bulge in dec. posterior teeth?

Back 14

MF cervical region

Front 15

2, 15 (3 cusp type)
Occlusal view
What is the occlusal outline?

Back 15

heart

Front 16

What is arch length?

Back 16

distance around arch from D end to D end

Front 17

Where is lingual HoC in max. anterior teeth (6-11)?

Back 17

gingival 3rd

Front 18

23,26
F view
M contact?
D contact?

Back 18

M - incisal
D - incisal but more cervical than M contact

Front 19

Which has as sharper cusp, 5/12 or 4/13?

Back 19

5/12

Front 20

7,10
Crown:root ratio

Back 20

10:13

Front 21

dec. mand M1
Where is the central fossa located?

Back 21

D half of tooth

Front 22

What are the 3 largest FL alignments and on which 3 teeth?

Back 22

8/9 - 27 degrees F
2/15, 3/14 - 20 degrees F
18/31, 19/30 - 20 degrees L

Front 23

19, 30
F view
What 2 features supra- and sub-gingival are in line?

Back 23

apex of M root and MF groove

Front 24

When does root formation stop for dec. teeth?

Back 24

1 year after eruption

Front 25

3, 14
F view
Where is the MF root apex compared to B groove?

Back 25

MF root apex is in line or just D to B groove

Front 26

What does the shape of the gingival col mimic?

Back 26

the shape of the contact area

Front 27

How many roots does 5/12 have?
Almost always this requires how many root canals?

Back 27

2 roots (sometimes only 1 root)
2 root canals

Front 28

When does perm. M1 start developing?

When does hard tissue for perm. M1 start?

Back 28

in utero

at birth calcification starts

Front 29

dec. max M2 is isomorph to what tooth?

Back 29

perm. max M1

Front 30

19,30
Occlusal view
Groove pattern?
What other tooth has same groove pattern?

Back 30

Y groove
mand PM2 3 cusp type

Front 31

T or F?
Dec. M2 roots are more flared than dec. M1 roots.

Back 31

True

Front 32

What are 3 notable things about M root of dec. mand M1?

Back 32

1. broad F/L
2. F and L outline are parallel and straight
3. blunt apex

Front 33

3,14
L view
What cusps are visible?

Back 33

ML, DL

Front 34

dec. max CI
Are marginal ridges more or less pronounced than perm. max CIs?

Back 34

more pronounced (dec. max CI is shovel shaped)

Front 35

What type of tissue makes up the TMJ's articular disk?

Back 35

dense fibrous CT that's mostly avascular and aneural

Front 36

What is the anatomical root?

Back 36

that which is covered by cementum

Front 37

3,14
L view
What roots are visible?

Back 37

all 3: pal, MF, DF

Front 38

Where does ML cusp of max molars sit on mand molars?

Back 38

central fossa

Front 39

Which way do enamel rods always slope in dec. teeth?

Back 39

occlusally

Front 40

Alignment of 7,10

Back 40

Large F
small D

Front 41

19,30
Which root usually has 2 root canals due to a depression?

Back 41

M root

Front 42

6,11
crown:root ratio

Back 42

10:17

Front 43

dec. mand LI
Are they larger or smaller than dec. mand CI?

Back 43

larger

Front 44

2,15
occlusal view
How many tri. ridges?

Back 44

5 because ML cusp has 2

Front 45

How many root depressions do 6,11 each have and which is greater?

Back 45

2 (M and D)
D is greater than M

Front 46

What are 8 characteristics of dec. teeth compared to permanent?

Back 46

1. dec. have shorter crown:root ratios
2. dec. are wider MD than incisocervical
3. whiter/bluish due to thin enamel/dentin
4. cervical ridge very prominent
5. constricted at CEJ
6. narrow occlusal table
7. flared roots
8. no root trunk

Front 47

7,10
Incisal view
Geometric shape?

Back 47

round

Front 48

19,30
L view
What cusps are visible?

Back 48

ML, DL, D

Front 49

dec. max M1
occlusal view
What is notable about MMR, DMR?

Back 49

MMR obliquely angled but the DMR is straight

Front 50

T or F?
On 6,11, L ridge > DMR > MMR in elevation?

Back 50

True

Front 51

What are 3 things that dec. anterior teeth lack compared to perm. anteriors?

Back 51

1. mammelons
2. depressions
3. perykimata

Front 52

Is canine guidance angle more or less than ant. guidance angle on average?

Back 52

ave. canine guidance > ave. ant. guidance

Front 53

What is the average canine guidance angle?

Back 53

55 degrees

Front 54

Where does DF cusp of mand teeth sit on max teeth?

Back 54

central fossa

Front 55

What 2 teeth have smallest F/L inclination, and what are the inclinations?

Back 55

1. max PMs: 5-6 degrees
2. mand PMs: 9 degrees

Front 56

What is the sharpest cusp and on what tooth?

Back 56

ML cusp of dec. mand M1

Front 57

Which root on 3,14 often has 2 root canals due to large depression?

Back 57

MF root

Front 58

18,31
Which cusp is tallest?

Back 58

ML

Front 59

With what teeth do mand. occlude?

Back 59

max namesake and M neighbor

Front 60

4,13 occlusal view
occlusal table location over root?

Back 60

centered

Front 61

4,13 occlusal view
Geometric outline?

Back 61

oval

Front 62

4,13 occlusal view
cusp tips' location over root trunk?

Back 62

F cusp - slightly M
L cusp - M location

Front 63

4,13 occlusal view
occlusal table outline?

Back 63

slightly trapezoidal

Front 64

4,13 occlusal view
Number of fossa(e)?

Back 64

2

Front 65

How many cusps are visible on 3,14 from F view and which are they?

Back 65

2: MF and DF (sometimes 3 including the ML)

Front 66

3,14 Mesial view
1. F HoC
2. L HoC

Back 66

1. cervical
2. middle

Front 67

dec. max M1
To which direction(s) does it taper?

Back 67

L and D

Front 68

2.15 F view
Contact areas?

Back 68

M: occlusal
D: middle

Front 69

By what age should all dec. teeth have erupted?

Back 69

24 months

Front 70

What cusps help determine Curve of Wilson and from what view is this curve seen?

Back 70

F and L cusp tips as seen from the frontal/coronal view

Front 71

5,12 root depressions
Which root is deeper?

Back 71

M root depression depth > D root depression depth

Front 72

Is dec. mand. M2 larger or smaller than dec. mand. M1?

Back 72

dec. mand. M2 > M1

Front 73

Is perm. mand. M2 larger or smaller than perm. mand M1?

Back 73

perm. mand M2 < M1

Front 74

Where is mand. primate space in deciduous teeth?

Back 74

between canine and M1

Front 75

18,31
Are the roots closer or further apart than on 19,30?

Back 75

closer

Front 76

18,31
What view reveals all and what is all?

Back 76

D view
4 cusps and 2 roots

Front 77

2,15
Which view reveals all and what is all?

Back 77

D view
3 roots and 4 cusps (unless tricuspate)

Front 78

23,26 L view
Cingulum location?

Back 78

D

Front 79

Where is the max. primate space in deciduous teeth?

Back 79

between canine and LI

Front 80

In general, which way do post. teeth angle?

Back 80

mesial

Front 81

From what view is the Curve of Spee seen?

Back 81

sagittal

Front 82

2,15 occlusal view
How many ridges and what types?

Back 82

2: 1 transverse and 1 oblique

Front 83

8,9 Prox view
M root surface contour?

Back 83

depression

Front 84

6,11
Is MMR longer or shorter than DMR?

Back 84

MMR longer than DMR

Front 85

6,11
Is MMR higher or lower in elevation than DMR?

Back 85

DMR higher in elevation than MMR

Front 86

How many root depressions does 4,13 each have?

Back 86

2

Front 87

What 2 teeth have + groove pattern?

Back 87

18/31, 19/30 4 cusp type

Front 88

Which set of permanent canines has more prominent F ridge?

Back 88

max. canines

Front 89

Is the cusp of 22,27 in line with root axis?

Back 89

Yes

Front 90

8,9 L view
Cingulum location?

Back 90

D

Front 91

5,12 occlusal view
Geometric outline

Back 91

tapered hexagon

Front 92

5,12 occlusal view
Cusp tip location of root trunk?

Back 92

F cusp: D slightly
L cusp: M location

Front 93

3,14 mesial view
What roots are visible and what is notable?

Back 93

MF and Pal
Palatal root extends beyond crown outline

Front 94

Tuberculum sextum: where is the 6th cusp?

Back 94

on DMR

Front 95

What is the age range of mixed dentition?

Back 95

6 - 12

Front 96

Which set of perm. molars (max,mand) has a longer root trunk?

Back 96

max

Front 97

What 2 teeth have a straight M profile?

Back 97

dec. mand M1

22,27

Front 98

18,31
Which root can have 2 canals 8-10% of the time?

Back 98

D

Front 99

T or F?
4,13 L view: lingual side is narrower than F so you can see proximal surfaces, but this difference is less than that of 5,12?

Back 99

True

Front 100

18,31
Are F or L cusps taller?

Back 100

L

Front 101

6, 11 L view
Cingulum location?

Back 101

C

Front 102

18,31
What is unique about CEJ on L side and what does this mean?

Back 102

CEJ is more occlusal on L, giving more of a root trunk on L

Front 103

24,25
crown:root ratio?

Back 103

9:13

Front 104

2,15 F view
What cusps are visible?

Back 104

MF, DF (sometimes ML)

Front 105

dec. max canines
Facial shape?

Back 105

diamond

Front 106

In general, what cusps are broad and rounded?

Back 106

supporting cusps (F on mand, and L on max)

Front 107

In general, what cusps are sharp?

Back 107

guiding cusps (L on mand, F on max)

Front 108

Alignment of 22, 27

Back 108

Mid F
Small D

Front 109

3,14 Mesial view
What root is VERY wide?

Back 109

MF

Front 110

1/16 occlusal
How many cusps are there usually and what geometric outline does this form?

Back 110

3 cusps forming heart shape

Front 111

What anterior tooth is most likely to have 2 root canals?

Back 111

22,27

Front 112

4,13 F view
F cusp location relative to root axis?

Back 112

slightly M

Front 113

To which direction do mand. molars taper?

Back 113

L and D

Front 114

Is Class II molars retrognathic or prognathic?

Is there more or less overjet with Class II?

Back 114

retrognathic

more overjet

Front 115

dec. mand canine
Is the L ridge barely discernible?

Back 115

yes

Front 116

dec. mand canine
Are cutting arms angled or straight?

Back 116

angled

Front 117

What percentage does the occlusal table occupy in the BL dimension?

Back 117

50 - 60%

Front 118

dec. max canine
Which cutting arm is longer?

Back 118

MCA > DCA (resulting in D located cusp, unlike 6,11)

Front 119

What tooth has a coronal depression on M side?

Back 119

5,12

Front 120

Alignment of 19,30 and 18,31?

Back 120

Large L (20 degrees)
Mid M

Front 121

Which way does the occlusal surface of dec. mand M1 slope toward cervical?

Back 121

M to D (mesial half is taller/more occlusal than distal half)

Front 122

dec. max M1
Does Pal root extend past crown outline?

Back 122

yes

Front 123

3,14
Does Pal root have a depression?

Back 123

yes, a very large depression

Front 124

Alignment of 5,12 and 4,13?

Back 124

small F
small M

Front 125

dec. max M1 occlusal view
What is the groove pattern?

Back 125

H groove

Front 126

What 3 teeth have smallest MD inclination and what are the measurements?

Back 126

1. 23/26 - 0 degrees
2. 8/9 - 2 degrees
3. 24/25 - 2 degrees

Front 127

What 2 groups of teeth are overall least angulated/inclined?

Back 127

1. max PMs
2. mand PMs

Front 128

All teeth have F inclination except what 3?

Back 128

1. 20/29
2. 19/30
3. 18/31

Front 129

Alignment of 8,9

Back 129

large F (28 degrees)
very slight D (but think of M for esthetic reasons)

Front 130

8,9
crown:root ratio

Back 130

11:13

Front 131

Elevation of DMR, MMR, and L ridge in 22, 27?

Back 131

DMR > L ridge > MMR

Front 132

What is average overjet?

Back 132

2-3mm

Front 133

What is average overbite?

Back 133

3-5mm

Front 134

8,9 prox view
D root surface contour?

Back 134

convex, no depression

Front 135

2,15 F view
Are roots closer together or wider than roots on 3,14?

Back 135

closer

Front 136

What tooth has strongest MF cervical bulge?

Back 136

dec. mand. M1

Front 137

Eruption age of dec. mand. canine?

Back 137

16 months

Front 138

5,12
crown:root ratio?

Back 138

9:13

Front 139

Eruption age of 24,25

Back 139

7

Front 140

Eruption age of 23,26

Back 140

8

Front 141

Eruption age of 22,27

Back 141

9

Front 142

Eruption age of 21,28

Back 142

10

Front 143

Eruption age of 20,29

Back 143

11

Front 144

Eruption age of 19,30

Back 144

6

Front 145

Eruption age of 18,31

Back 145

12

Front 146

Eruption age of dec. max canine?

Back 146

18 months

Front 147

4,13
crown:root ratio?

Back 147

8:14 (root almost twice as long as crown)

Front 148

3,14
crown:root?

Back 148

8: 14 (P)
13 (MF)
12 (DF)

Front 149

Eruption age of dec. mand M1?

Back 149

12 months

Front 150

Eruption age of dec. mand M2?

Back 150

20 months

Front 151

Eruption age of dec. max LI?

Back 151

9 months

Front 152

18, 31
Is there usually a L groove pit?

Back 152

no, which is good due to tongue's presence

Front 153

Eruption age of 8,9

Back 153

7

Front 154

Eruption age of 7,10

Back 154

8

Front 155

Eruption age of 6,11

Back 155

11

Front 156

Eruption age of 5,12

Back 156

9

Front 157

Eruption age of 4,13

Back 157

10

Front 158

Eruption age of 3,14

Back 158

6

Front 159

Eruption age of 2,15

Back 159

12

Front 160

Eruption age of dec. max M2

Back 160

24 months

Front 161

2,15
crown:root ratio?

Back 161

8: 14 (Pal)
13 (MF)
12 (DF)

Front 162

Eruption age of dec. mand LI

Back 162

7 months

Front 163

Eruption age of dec. max M1?

Back 163

14 months

Front 164

What are the 3 largest MD inclinations for which 3 teeth?

Back 164

6,11 - 17 degrees
3,14 - 14 degrees
18,31 - 14 degrees

Front 165

23,26
crown:root ratio?

Back 165

9:13

Front 166

Eruption age of dec. max CI?

Back 166

7.5 months

Front 167

Eruption age of dec. mand CI?

Back 167

6 months

Front 168

How many root canals for 2,15?

Back 168

4; MF root has 2 canals

Front 169

19,30 occlusal view
Can MMR have a ridge groove?

Back 169

yes, but not too common

Front 170

Which perm. canine (max/mand) has a more obtuse cusp tip angle?

Back 170

mand canine (22,27)

Front 171

How much difference is between CEJ and shoulders of 5,12? (military tooth)

Back 171

2mm

Front 172

T or F?
As you move posterior, the CEJ dips less incisally?

Back 172

true

Front 173

2,15 Mesial view
1. F HoC
2. L HoC

Back 173

1. cervical
2. middle

Front 174

3,14 F view
contact areas?

Back 174

M - occlusal
D - middle

Front 175

24, 25 F view
contact areas?

Back 175

both M and D are incisal AND ARE THE SAME LEVEL

Front 176

What does pressure lead to on bone?

Back 176

resorption

Front 177

What does tension lead to on bone?

Back 177

deposition

Front 178

dec. max LI
Is MD or incisocervical dimension greater?

Back 178

incisocervical > MD dimension (unlike dec. max CI)

Front 179

T or F?
Enamel rods of perm. teeth angle apically in cervical region?

Back 179

true

Front 180

24,25 L view
Are marginal ridges pronounced?

Back 180

no

Front 181

19,30
What are the 2 6-cusp types?

Back 181

tuberculum sextum
tuberculum intermedium

Front 182

18,31 occlusal view
Geometric outline

Back 182

rectangular

Front 183

18,31 occlusal view
How many ridges and what types?

Back 183

2 transverse ridges

Front 184

19,30 4 cusp type
what is the groove pattern?

Back 184

+ groove

Front 185

What tooth has the arrowhead/projectile point F shape?

Back 185

dec. mand. canine

Front 186

7,10 Prox view
M root surface contour?

Back 186

depression

Front 187

Where is the most root surface area located and what does this mean for bone loss?

Back 187

in cervical 1/2 of root trunk so only a few mm of bone loss here drastically reduces tooth to bone stability

Front 188

2,15 F view
What is the overall look of the roots and which are visible?

Back 188

windswept to distal
all 3 are visible

Front 189

T or F?
Dec. anterior teeth have large cingulums and the roots bend labially?

Back 189

true

Front 190

5,12 F view
Where is the F cusp in relation to root axis?

Back 190

slightly D

Front 191

19,30 occlusal view
Geometric outline

Back 191

pentagonal

Front 192

19,30 occlusal view
Is MMR or DMR longer?

Back 192

MMR

Front 193

dec. max M2
Are roots longer or shorter than roots on dec. max M1?

Back 193

roots are longer

Front 194

19,30 Facial view
What is the CEJ shape?

Back 194

straight or slight apical dip

Front 195

dec. mand LI
Are marginal ridges and cingulum more or less pronounced than dec. mand CI?

Back 195

more pronounced

Front 196

dec. mand CI
What are the 2 most important characteristics?

Back 196

1. bilaterally symmetrical
2. long root:crown ratio due to short crown

Front 197

When do teeth start forming in a baby?

Back 197

6 weeks in utero

Front 198

22,27 F view
Does crown bend slightly to D?

Back 198

yes

Front 199

dec. mand. M1
Which root is wider and longer?

Back 199

M root wider and longer than D root

Front 200

2,15 occlusal view
Geometric outline?

Back 200

rhomboid

Front 201

How many roots does 4,13 each have usually?

How many root canals are usually required?

Back 201

1 root

1 root canal

Front 202

Are cuspal cutting arms straight on 6,11 from incisal view?

Back 202

yes

Front 203

What teeth are non-succeedaneous?

Back 203

permanent molars

Front 204

What are the percentages of Class I, II, III?

Back 204

Class I - 70%
Class II - 20%
Class III - 10%

Front 205

3,14 occlusal
How many ridges and what types?

Back 205

2: 1 oblique (ML-DB) and 1 transverse (ML-MF)

Front 206

What type of tooth attachment to the bone do we have?

Back 206

gomphosis (sockets with PDL, cementum, etc)

Front 207

What is a key difference in central groove between 5,12 and 4,13?

Back 207

5,12 has a longer central groove

Front 208

dec. mand M2 facial view
Are 3 cusps equally sized?

Back 208

yes, unlike 19,30

Front 209

What tooth is isomorph to dec. mand M2?

Back 209

19,30

Front 210

Where is 22,27 cingulum location?

Back 210

D or C

Front 211

What deciduous tooth is only one to have mesial cutting arm longer than distal cutting arm, yielding a distally located cusp?

Back 211

dec. max canine

Front 212

1,16 facial view
What cusps are visible?

Back 212

2 (MF, DF)

Front 213

6,11 F view
D outline?

Back 213

S-shaped
(concave in cervical and convex in middle)

Front 214

3,14 occlusal view
What ridge only does central groove cross?

Back 214

transverse ridge (not oblique ridge!)

Front 215

3,14 occlusal view
What groove separates MF,DF cusps?

Back 215

facial groove

Front 216

3,14 occlusal view
What groove crosses oblique ridge?

Back 216

transverse groove of oblique ridge

Front 217

What is arch width and which arch is wider? What does the arch width protect?

Back 217

width of the arch medial-laterally
max arch is wider than mand arch, which protects the cheeks, lips, and tongue from being bitten

Front 218

18,31
What is notable about the apex of the roots compared to 19,30?

Back 218

root apices are more pointed than 19,30

Front 219

What cusps maintain vertical dimension?

Back 219

supporting cusps

Front 220

22,27
Is mesial cutting arm longer or shorter than distal cutting arm?

Back 220

MCA < DCA (mesially located cusp tip)

Front 221

Does max M2 have a larger or smaller root trunk than max M1?

Back 221

larger

Front 222

2,15 F view
What is the order of root length?

Back 222

pal > MF > DF

Front 223

What is the clinical root?

Back 223

that which you cannot see or that which is in the bone

Front 224

What is 1 difference in Pal root of 2,15 compared to 3,14, and also one difference for MF root in 2,15 compared to 3,14 when looking from M view?

Back 224

Pal root of 2,15 is in line with crown

MF root in 2,15 is less wide than in 3,14

Front 225

Are condyles perpendicular to midpalatal line?

Back 225

no, then angle back toward Basion Point in Foramen Magnum

Front 226

If forces are not along root axis, what 2 zones are increased in PDL?

Back 226

zone of crush
zone of stretch

Front 227

24, 25 prox view
M root contour?

Back 227

depression

Front 228

dec. max M1
What tooth does it resemble?

Back 228

perm. max. PMs

Front 229

What is the tooth that resembles no other?

Back 229

dec. mand. M1

Front 230

What is the only tooth with a broader occlusal table at the D and narrower at M?

Back 230

dec. mand M1

Front 231

18,31 mesial view
How many cusps and roots are visible, and which ones?

Back 231

2 cusps (MF, ML)
1 root (M)

Front 232

What is the most major function of dec. teeth?

Back 232

space maintenance for permanent teeth

Front 233

3,14 cusp height order?

Back 233

ML > MF > DF > DL

Front 234

Is the F groove of 2,15 longer or shorter than F groove of 3,14?

Back 234

shorter

Front 235

23,26 prox view
M root surface contour?

Back 235

depression

Front 236

23,26 prox view
D root surface contour?

Back 236

more depression

Front 237

T or F?
There are fewer variations in dec. teeth than perm. teeth.

Back 237

true

Front 238

18, 31
Which root has 2 canals for sure?

Back 238

M root

Front 239

4,13 L view
L cusp location and length?

Back 239

mesial and shorter than F cusp but not as short as L cusp on 5,12

Front 240

19,30 F view
Which root is longer and by how much?

Back 240

M root > D root by 1mm

Front 241

4,13 L view
Is MMR or DMR more occlusal?

Back 241

MMR

Front 242

19,30
What view reveals all and what is all?

Back 242

D
5 cusps and 2 roots

Front 243

2,15
How many cusps

Back 243

4 (can be 3)

Front 244

3,14 occlusal view
Is MMR or DMR longer?

Back 244

MMR

Front 245

8,9 L view
Is MMR or DMR longer?

Back 245

MMR

Front 246

3,14 occlusal view
What comprises the talon?

Back 246

DMR and DL cusp

Front 247

T or F?
M pulp horms of dec. molars are very large, extending far occlusally?

Back 247

true

Front 248

What are the 3 "bones" of the TMJ that make it a compound joint?

Back 248

condyle
glenoid fossa
articular disk

Front 249

19, 30 F view
contact areas?

Back 249

M - junction
D. middle

Front 250

How many intra-radicular depressions do 5,12 have?

Back 250

2

Front 251

T or F?
The root trunk of molars increases from M1 to M2 in both mand and max?

Back 251

true

Front 252

Which has a sharper M root tip, dec. mand M2 or dec. mand M1?

Back 252

dec. mand M2

Front 253

For max molars, does M1 have a greater root trunk than M2?

Back 253

no (M2 root trunks are larger than M1)

Front 254

Is Class III more retrognathic or prognathic?
Is there more or less overjet?

Back 254

prognathic with less overjet

Front 255

T or F?
Mand teeth erupt before max teeth?

Back 255

true

Front 256

3,14 F view
How many roots are visible?

Back 256

all 3

Front 257

dec max M1
What is the smallest cusp?

Back 257

DL

Front 258

18, 31
Are the roots parallel?

Back 258

yes

Front 259

Is the plane of occlusion a flat plane?

Back 259

no; it's curved

Front 260

6, 11 incisal view
Is mesial cutting arm longer or shorter than distal cutting arm?

Back 260

DCA > MCA (mesial located cusp)

Front 261

How many root canals for both 3,14 and 2, 15?

Back 261

4; MF root has 2

Front 262

How many cusps on 19, 30? Which is largest?

Back 262

5, largest is ML (MF for boards)

Front 263

3,14 occlusal view
geometric outline?

Back 263

rhomboidal

Front 264

3, 14 occlusal view
What cusps form oblique ridge?

Back 264

ML-DB

Front 265

Are cuspal cutting arms straight or angled on 22, 27 from incisal view?

Back 265

angled (DCA angles to follow arch)

Front 266

3,14 F view
Crown width MD compared to root width MD?

Back 266

about the same

Front 267

22,27
M root contour?

Back 267

depression

Front 268

22, 27
D root contour?

Back 268

more depression

Front 269

What 2 teeth can taper to F?

Back 269

perm mand PM2 3 cusp type
perm max M1

Front 270

What are the only 2 teeth longer MD than incisocervically?

Back 270

dec. max CI
perm mand M1

Front 271

dec max CI
Which dimension is greater, MD or incisocervical?

Back 271

MD

Front 272

18, 31 groove pattern?

Back 272

+ groove

Front 273

2, 15 mesial view
How many roots are visible and which ones?

Back 273

2: MF, Pal

Front 274

19,30 How many root canals?

Back 274

usually 3, maybe 4
(M root = 2, D root = 1 or 2)

Front 275

When do the roots of perm. teeth finish forming?

Back 275

2.5 years after eruption

Front 276

3,14 order of root length?

Back 276

pal > MF >DF

Front 277

When do hard tissues first form for a baby's teeth?

Back 277

4 months in utero

Front 278

24, 25 prox view
D root contour?

Back 278

more depression

Front 279

3,14 lingual view
Is L groove inline with a root, and if so, which one?

Back 279

yes, palatal root

Front 280

What is the last age for perm. teeth to come in, except 3M?

Back 280

12

Front 281

3,14 L view
Does crown taper to L?

Back 281

No

Front 282

What tilt direction(s) do all mand. molars have?

Back 282

L and D

Front 283

4,13 prox view
M root contour?

Back 283

depression

Front 284

4,13 prox view
D root contour

Back 284

more depression

Front 285

5,12 L view
Is L cusp longer or shorter than F cusp and by how much?

Back 285

shorter by 1mm

Front 286

What is notable about inclination/alignment of 21,28 compared to 20,29 and 19,30, and 18,31 and 17,32?

Back 286

21,28 is small F inclined whereas all mand teeth posterior are L inclined

Front 287

T or F?
Girls teeth erupt sooner than boys.

Back 287

true

Front 288

What happens to ant. guidance angle if more overjet occurs?

Back 288

flatter ant. guidance

Front 289

What happens to ant. guidance angle if more overbite occurs?

Back 289

steeper ant. guidance

Front 290

What is average ant. guidance angle?

Back 290

45-50 degrees (less than average canine guidance)

Front 291

3,14 what is largest cusp

Back 291

ML

Front 292

19,30
What characteristic of the root apex helps distinguish 19,30 from 18,31?

Back 292

19,30 has blunter root apex

Front 293

Tuberculum intermedium: where is the extra cusp?

Back 293

between ML and DL cusps

Front 294

dec max canine
Where is M contact in relation to D contact?

Back 294

M contact more cervical than D contact

Front 295

19,30 M
Which cusps are visible and which is taller and sharper?

Back 295

ML, MF

ML is taller and sharper

Front 296

What is the clinical crown?

Back 296

that which you can see or that not in bone

Front 297

Is the pulp chamber of 22,27 entirely within crown?

Back 297

no

Front 298

What is the anatomical crown?

Back 298

covered by enamel

Front 299

19,30 F view
how many cusps are visible?

Back 299

all 5

Front 300

3,14 what view reveals all and what is all?

Back 300

D view
4 cusps and 3 roots

Front 301

22,27 F view
Does crown bulge past root outline?

Back 301

No (think straight M profile)

Front 302

What dec. molar has the narrowest occlusal table?

Back 302

dec. mand M1

Front 303

22,27 F view
M outline?

Back 303

straight

Front 304

Does dec. mand M1 have a very flat, slanting F surface?

Back 304

yes

Front 305

4,13 prox view
Are cusps centered over root?

Back 305

yes

Front 306

dec. mand M2 mesial view
Is root broad and compare to M root of dec. mand M1?

Back 306

broad root but not as broad and M root of dec mand M1

Front 307

dec max M1
How many cusps?

Back 307

4 (DL is REALLY small, so 3 can occur)

Front 308

5,12
Which marginal ridge is more occlusally located?

Back 308

MMR

Front 309

T of F?
Enamel rods of dec. teeth always extend occlusally?

Back 309

true

Front 310

Alignment 6,11

Back 310

Mid F
Mid M

Front 311

What are 3 things about 4,13 compared to military tooth that differ?

Back 311

4,13 is
1. shorter
2. rounded shoulders
3. wrinkled occlusal surface

Front 312

22,27 F view
crown:root ratio?

Back 312

11:16

Front 313

When does resorption of dec. roots occur?

Back 313

3 years after completion of formation

Front 314

19,30 L view
Does root trunk on L seem longer or shorter than on F?

Back 314

longer

Front 315

24, 25 F view
what is the shape of M-incisal and D-incisal corners?

Back 315

very sharp (~90 degrees)

Front 316

What does the labial ridge of 6,11 follow?

Back 316

root axis

Front 317

5,12 F view
M contact

Back 317

Junction

Front 318

5,12 F view
D contact

Back 318

Junction

Front 319

Where are the 2 cusps of 5,12 in relation to roots from prox view?

Back 319

centered over roots

Front 320

What tooth has a mesial marginal groove visible from occlusal view?

Back 320

5,12

Front 321

5,12 L view
Is L narrower than F surface, revealing proximal surfaces from L view?

Back 321

yes

Front 322

Is tooth angulation determined by the crown or the root?

Back 322

crown

Front 323

Where is the occlusal table in 5,12 in relation to roots from occlusal view?

Back 323

centered over root

Front 324

How many tri. ridges on 3,14; which cusp has 2?

Back 324

5 total, ML has 2

Front 325

Which way (M, D) is labial ridge oriented in mouth for 6,11?

Back 325

M inclination

Front 326

Which tooth from F view is "military tooth"?

Back 326

5,12

Front 327

3,14
What cusp can have the cusp of carabelli?

Back 327

ML

Front 328

What tooth is the middle-aged version of the military tooth?

Back 328

4,13

Front 329

23, 26 F view
M outline?
D outline?

Back 329

both are straight

Front 330

8,9 F view
M outline

Back 330

straight

Front 331

T or F?
The CEJ line on all teeth dips more incisally on M side than D side interproximally?

Back 331

true

Front 332

Is the cusp of 6,11 in line with root axis?

Back 332

yes

Front 333

24,25 prox view
What is the relationship between incisal edge and root axis?

Back 333

incisal edge is L to root axis

Front 334

Do 4,13 have a coronal depression?

Back 334

no

Front 335

24,25 Prox view
What is the facial surface profile?

Back 335

flat

Front 336

What is the shape of the incisors from proximal view?

Back 336

triangle

Front 337

What tooth has a distal twist from incisal view?

Back 337

23,26

Front 338

What is tertiary dentin?

Back 338

laid down in emergency

Front 339

What tooth is most variable of all?

Back 339

M3

Front 340

What is the shape of the max PMs from proximal view?

Back 340

trapezoid

Front 341

8,9 M view
Incisal edge location related to root axis?

Back 341

F to root axis

Front 342

What teeth are bilaterally symmetrical from incisal view?

Back 342

24,25

Front 343

What teeth have the distal pinch?

Back 343

6,11

Front 344

Where is the L HoC in 5,12 and 4,13?

Back 344

middle

Front 345

Is the pulp chamber found only in the crown?

Back 345

no

Front 346

1,16 F view
What are 2 characteristics of the roots?

Back 346

1. fused/close together
2. distal bend

Front 347

7,10 L view
Cingulum location?

Back 347

C

Front 348

7,10 F view
Is MD distance longer or shorter than MD distance on 8,9?

Back 348

shorter

Front 349

What is the shape of mand. PMs from proximal view?

Back 349

rhomboid (leaning L) (maybe not mand PM1 though, cuz that leans slightly F)

Front 350

What is secondary dentin?

Back 350

laid down over a lifetime

Front 351

24,25 F view
M and D outline?

Back 351

straight

Front 352

8,9 Incisal view
Is MD dimension greater or less than FL dimension?

Back 352

MD > FL

Front 353

Can 2,15 have a Cusp of Carabelli?

Back 353

yes but less likely than 3,14

Front 354

6,11 F view
M contact?

Back 354

junction

Front 355

6, 11 F view
D contact?

Back 355

middle

Front 356

What is the only perm. tooth with which cusp whose mesial cutting arm is longer than distal cutting arm, resulting in a distally-located cusp?

Back 356

5,12 F cusp

Front 357

Is facial/labial ridge of 22,27 more or less pronounced than that of 6,11?

Back 357

much less pronounced

Front 358

How much of the crown does the cusp tip of 6,11 occupy?

Back 358

1/3

Front 359

8,9 incisal view
Geometric shape?

Back 359

triangle

Front 360

Do 22,27 have a distal pinch?

Back 360

no

Front 361

T of F?
The incisal edge of 24,25 is perpendicular F/L to a line bisecting the tooth.

Back 361

true

Front 362

What is the shape of max molars from proximal view?

Back 362

trapezoidal

Front 363

What tooth is longest MD of all?

Back 363

19,30

Front 364

What is the most variable anterior tooth?

Back 364

7,10

Front 365

T or F?
All teeth have marginal ridges?

Back 365

true

Front 366

What cells make dentin?

Back 366

odontoblasts

Front 367

Which set of perm canines (mand, max) are slightly smaller FL and MD?

Back 367

mand

Front 368

24,25 L view
Cingulum location?

Back 368

center

Front 369

Does the cusp tip of 22,27 take up 1/3 of crown like on 6,11?

Back 369

no

Front 370

7,10 prox view
Is F surface more or less rounded than F surface of 8,9?

Back 370

more rounded

Front 371

18,31
How many cusp tips?

Back 371

4

Front 372

7,10 F view
D contact?

Back 372

middle

Front 373

What 2 features create the distal pinch on 6,11?

Back 373

DL fossa and the groove on F formed by labial ridge

Front 374

Are 23,26 bilaterally symmetrical?

Back 374

no

Front 375

7,10 L view
Is MMR or DMR longer?

Back 375

MMR longer than DMR

Front 376

What is the MD and FL dimension relationship for perm mand. molars?

Back 376

MD > FL

Front 377

24, 25 F view
Incisal edge contour?

Back 377

straight

Front 378

What are 3 functions of PMs?

Back 378

1. shearing/tearing (like 6,11)
2. grinding (like molars)
3. vertical dimension maintenance

Front 379

8,9 F view
M contact?

Back 379

incisal

Front 380

8,9 F view
D contact?

Back 380

junction

Front 381

What forces balance out to form the neutral space?

Back 381

lips and cheeks oppose the tongue

Front 382

Where is the incisal edge related to root axis on mand. LI from prox. view?

Back 382

slightly L

Front 383

What cells destroy dentin?

Back 383

odontoclasts

Front 384

What tooth has longest root at 17mm?

Back 384

6,11

Front 385

What is the shape of all teeth from FL views?

Back 385

trapezoidal

Front 386

7,10 F view
M contact?

Back 386

junction

Front 387

22, 27 F view
M contact?

Back 387

incisal

Front 388

What is the longest tooth?

Back 388

6,11

Front 389

How many roots do all PMs except 5,12 have?

Back 389

1

Front 390

How many roots do 5,12 have?

Back 390

2 (maybe 3)

Front 391

Which anterior tooth fossa is likely to have pits and groove variation?

Back 391

7,10

Front 392

6, 11 incisal view
cusp tip location FL

Back 392

slightly F

Front 393

When does 8,9 complete enamel formation?

Back 393

4-5 years

Front 394

Max numbers for contralateral teeth add up to what?

Back 394

17

Front 395

Do divergent or convergent roots increase stability?

Back 395

divergent

Front 396

What is the narrowest of all perm. teeth MD?

Back 396

24,25

Front 397

24,25 L view
Which way does root taper?

Back 397

L

Front 398

Mand. numbers for contralateral teeth add up to what?

Back 398

49

Front 399

What is primary dentin?

Back 399

initial dentin laid down during tooth development

Front 400

Which way do the roots of 8,9 lean?

Back 400

slightly D

Front 401

What is the shape of mand. molars from proximal view?

Back 401

rhomboidal

Front 402

22,27
F view
D contact?

Back 402

junction

Front 403

Are MMR/DMR on 7,10 more or less pronounced than those on 8,9?

Back 403

more pronounced

Front 404

Which way does the incisal edge of 23, 26 slant?

Back 404

slants cervically to the distal

Front 405

If 17,32 have 3 facial cusps, what is notable about them?

Back 405

there are in a line

Front 406

Where is F HoC for all teeth?

Back 406

cervical 1/3

Front 407

23, 26 L view
Is MMR or DMR longer?

Back 407

MMR longer than DMR

Front 408

What is the most stable tooth?

Back 408

6,11

Front 409

In which part of the tooth is the pulp chamber usually housed?

Back 409

crown

Front 410

How many cusps can 17,32 have?

Back 410

5

Front 411

7,10 prox view
Where is the incisal edge related to root axis?

Back 411

slightly F

Front 412

In which part of the tooth is the pulp canal located?

Back 412

root

Front 413

7,10 F view
Is incisal-cervical distance longer or shorter than 8,9?

Back 413

shorter

Front 414

What max molar usually lacks a talon?

Back 414

1,16

Front 415

Which way does the root of anterior dec. teeth bend?

Back 415

labially

Front 416

Where are developing PMs located compared to dec. molars?

Back 416

in furcation areas

Front 417

What is the widest anterior tooth MD?

Back 417

8,9

Front 418

Where are developing anterior teeth located compared to dec. anteriors?

Back 418

just L to the roots

Front 419

What tooth has the longest crown inciso-cervically?

Back 419

8,9

Front 420

What bone contains the glenoid fossa?

Back 420

temporal bone

Front 421

Are cementum and dentin continuously made over a life?

Back 421

yes

Front 422

4,13 F view
M contact?

Back 422

junction

Front 423

4,13 F view
D contact?

Back 423

junction

Front 424

4,13 prox view
F HoC location
L HoC location

Back 424

gingival 1/3
middle 1/3

Front 425

What is supra-eruption?

Back 425

eruption past occlusal plane

Front 426

5,12 L view
Is L cusp M or D located?

Back 426

Mesial (F cusp is D located)

Front 427

Is 23,26 larger MD than 24,25?

Back 427

yes

Front 428

What tooth has MMR more cervical than DMR?

Back 428

21,28

Front 429

When stylus is on pt's mandible, the pt's max L border movement is drawn to which direction?

Back 429

toward the pt's left (the same as the movement)

Front 430

When stylus is on pt's maxilla, the pt's max L border movement is drawn to which direction?

Back 430

toward the pt's right (opposite of the movement)

Front 431

For a left lateral excursion, which muscle primarily contracts?

Back 431

right lat. pterygoid

Front 432

For a right lateral excursion, which muscle primarily contracts?

Back 432

left lat. pterygoid

Front 433

What is another term for orbiting condyle?

Back 433

NW side

Front 434

What is another term for rotating condyle?

Back 434

W side

Front 435

What is the average border distance for R, L, and protrusive movements?

Back 435

8mm

Front 436

As you open your mouth, do the horizontal border movements' areas get larger or smaller?

Back 436

smaller (less horizontal border movement is possible as the mouth opens)

Front 437

What is the shape of border movements in horizontal plane?

Back 437

diamond

Front 438

What is the shape of border movements in coronal plane?

Back 438

shield

Front 439

What is the average maximum opening from coronal or sagittal views?

Back 439

50mm

Front 440

What is the shape of border movements in sagittal plane?

Back 440

Posselt's diagram

Front 441

MICP = CR is what percentage of the population?

Back 441

5%

Front 442

What is the shape of the chewing cycle from sagittal view?

Back 442

figure 8

Front 443

What type of complex joint is the TMJ and what does each part mean?

Back 443

ginglymoarthroidal

ginglymoid - hinging
arthroidal - gliding

Front 444

What side (W, NW) is BM seen?

Back 444

W side

Front 445

What side (W, NW) is BA seen?

Back 445

NW side

Front 446

Define envelope of motion.

Back 446

border movements from all 3 planes

Front 447

What plane is Curve of Spee seen in?

Back 447

sagittal

Front 448

What plane is Curve of Wilson seen in?

Back 448

coronal/frontal

Front 449

What 2 sets of teeth are the overall least angulated?

Back 449

1. mand PMs
2. max PMs

Front 450

All teeth have facial inclination except which 3 pairs?

Back 450

1. mand PM2
2. mand M1
3. mand M2

Front 451

Where is MB cusp of max M1 located in Class I relationship?

Back 451

MF groove of mand M1

Front 452

Where is MB cusp of max M1 located in Class II relationship?

Back 452

embrasure mesial to mand M1

Front 453

Where is MB cusp of max M1 located in Class III relationship?

Back 453

embrasure distal to mand M1 (or in DF groove)

Front 454

What defines a crossbite?

Back 454

max B cusps are supporting and mand L cusps are supporting

Front 455

What is the shape of the chewing cycle seen in coronal view?

Back 455

tear shaped to either side

Front 456

What are the 2 phases of the chewing cycle?

Back 456

opening phase
closing phase

Front 457

What are the 2 phases of the closing phase of the chewing cycle?

Back 457

crushing phase
grinding phase

Front 458

During the opening phase of chewing, how far does the mandible drop?

Back 458

16-18mm

Front 459

During the opening phase of chewing, how far does the mandible move to the side?

Back 459

5-6mm

Front 460

What 1 thing mostly defines the crushing phase of the closing phase of chewing?

Back 460

F cusps of mand teeth are almost directly under the F cusps of max teeth

Front 461

What 2 things mostly define the grinding phase of the closing phase of chewing?

Back 461

1. teeth ~3mm apart
2. teeth have returned closer to the midline

Front 462

Which phase of closing of the chewing cycle has the teeth more laterally?

Back 462

crushing phase (grinding phase has the teeth returning more medially, toward MICP)

Front 463

Tall cusps with deep fossa on molars means what kind of chewing stroke is used by that patient?

Back 463

more of a vertical stroke

Front 464

Someone with broader, worn molar cusps could have what kind of chewing stoke?

Back 464

more of a lateral/broader stroke

Front 465

What do irregular and less repeatable chewing strokes indicate about the dentition and its occlusion?

Back 465

malocclusion is likely

Front 466

Is early or late part of chewing cycle a larger area on the border movement in a horizontal view?

Back 466

early chewing has a larger area on horizontal view of border movement

Front 467

What are the 2 types of contact during chewing? When do they occur?

Back 467

1. gliding (during opening and grinding phase, which is the last part of closing phase)
2. single (during MICP)

Front 468

Which teeth have the greatest biting force?

Back 468

molars

Front 469

Which stage(s) of swallowing are voluntary?

Back 469

Stage 1

Front 470

Which stage(s) of swallowing are involuntary?

Back 470

Stage 2
Stage 3

Front 471

Where is the bolus of food during Stage 1 of swallowing?

Back 471

on the dorsum of the tongue pressed against the hard palate

Front 472

Where is the tip of the tongue during Stage 1 of swallowing?

Back 472

on hard palate just behind max incisors

Front 473

During Stage 1 of swallowing, what are the positions of the teeth and the lips?

Back 473

teeth are together
lips are sealed

Front 474

Where is the bolus of food at the start of Stage 2 of swallowing?

Back 474

pharynx

Front 475

The soft palate and epiglottis closing are components of what stage of swallowing?

Back 475

Stage 2

Front 476

During swallowing, are the teeth in contact longer than chewing and are the forces much greater than chewing?

Back 476

YES

Front 477

What are the 2 types of parafunctional activity associated with time of day?

Back 477

diurnal
nocturnal

Front 478

What is a single episode of grinding teeth?

Back 478

clenching

Front 479

What are rhythmic contractions of grinding teeth?

Back 479

bruxism

Front 480

Thumb sucking usually stops by what age and causes what type of malocclusion when it's not stopped?

Back 480

4-5 years
Class II caused

Front 481

What is the first indication of a serious bruxing problem?

Back 481

flat, worn canines

Front 482

Does most (80%) of nocturnal bruxism occur duing REM or non-REM sleep?

Back 482

non-REM sleep

Front 483

What defines Theoretically Ideal occlusion according to Mohl?

Back 483

adheres to pre-determined standards

Front 484

What defines Physiologic occlusion according to Mohl?

Back 484

not ideal but it works enough not to require treatment

Front 485

What defines Non-physiologic occlusion according to Mohl?

Back 485

signs of a problem are evident, but may or may not require treatment

Front 486

What is another term for enameloplasty or coronoplasty?

Back 486

occlusal equilibration

Front 487

What are 3 goals of occlusal equilibration?

Back 487

1. MICP
2. proper excursive contact
3. stability

Front 488

What defines therapeutic occlusion according to Mohl?

Back 488

treating non-physiologic occlusion to make it work

Front 489

What are the 3 phases of occlusal equilibration?

Back 489

1. MICP
2. working and non-working lateral excursions have canine guidance only
3. protrusive excursions have ant. guidance only

Front 490

What is the horizontal reference plane for facebow transfer or condylar inclination?

Back 490

Frankfort Horizontal Plane

Front 491

Things visualized in what plane(s) affects grooves and ridges?

Back 491

horizontal plane

Front 492

Things visualized in what plane(s) affects cusp steepness?

Back 492

sagittal and coronal

Front 493

More BA and/or more BM yield what kind of cusps?

Back 493

flatter

Front 494

What does a tight TMJ ligament indicate about the opposite side's condyle?

Back 494

it's likely against the medial wall

Front 495

What kind of cusps are seen on a working side with a surtrusive superior wall?

Back 495

flatter

Front 496

What is another term for laterotrusive?

Back 496

working

Front 497

What is another term for mediotrusive?

Back 497

non-working

Front 498

When a pt. with a damaged lat. pterygoid protrudes, which way does the jaw deviate?

Back 498

toward affected side

Front 499

What are the 3 adjustments that define a semi-adjustable articulator?

Back 499

1. condylar inclination
2. ICD
3. Bennett Movement

Front 500

Does an early ISS yield a greater or lesser area for potential interference?

Back 500

greater area

Front 501

In what plane(s) is BM seen?

Back 501

horizontal and coronal

Front 502

Is PSS rotational, translational, or both?

Back 502

rotational only

Front 503

Is ISS rotational, translational, or both?

Back 503

rotational and translational

Front 504

Is BM rotational, translational, or both?

Back 504

translational only

Front 505

Are variations in teeth more likely in permanent or deciduous teeth?

Back 505

permanent

Front 506

Are variations in teeth more likely in max or mand?

Back 506

max

Front 507

Are M3 max or mand more likely to be missing?

Back 507

max M3

Front 508

In addition to M3, what other 2 teeth are likely to be missing?

Back 508

7/10
20/29

Front 509

Is hyperdontia more likely in men or women?

Back 509

men

Front 510

What is an extra tooth distal to molars?

Back 510

distomolars

Front 511

What is an extra tooth alongside molars?

Back 511

paramolar

Front 512

What term defines an extra tooth but still the same tooth count and only 1 root?

Back 512

gemination

Front 513

What term defines an extra too with 1 fewer on the tooth count and with 2 roots?

Back 513

fusion

Front 514

Are gemination and fusion more likely in permanent or deciduous teeth?

Back 514

deciduous

Front 515

Where does the root bend occur in dilaceration?

Back 515

at the CEJ

Front 516

Where does the root bend occur in flexion?

Back 516

not at the CEJ

Front 517

Do segmented roots and dwarf roots exist?

Back 517

yes

Front 518

What is the main characteristic of taurodontia?

Back 518

enlarged root chambers, usually extending into roots

Front 519

Can deciduous teeth have fluorosis?

Back 519

no, fluoride doesn't pass through placenta in high enough quantities

Front 520

What characterizes a focal hypoplasia?

Back 520

a small chalky white spot

Front 521

With a greater the ICD, what happens to the path pattern on the max. post. teeth?

Back 521

more mesial

Front 522

With a greater ICD, what happens to the path pattern on the mand. post. teeth?

Back 522

more distal

Front 523

The closer the dentition is to the condyles in an ant/post direction, is the angle between the W and NW grooves more acute or obtuse?

Back 523

more acute

Front 524

The closer the dentition is to the midline (farther away from condyles), is the angle between the W and NW grooves more acute or obtuse?

Back 524

more acute

Front 525

How does a retrusive rear wall affect the W side groove pattern on the max teeth?

Back 525

more distal

Front 526

How does a protrusive rear wall affect the W side groove pattern on the max teeth?

Back 526

more mesial

Front 527

How does a retrusive rear wall affect the W side groove pattern on the mand teeth?

Back 527

more mesial

Front 528

How does a protrusive rear wall affect the W side groove pattern on the max teeth?

Back 528

more distal

Front 529

With a larger BM on W side, do max teeth have a more mesial or distal W groove pattern?

Back 529

more distal

Front 530

With a larger BM on W side, do mand teeth have a more mesial or distal W groove pattern?

Back 530

more mesial

Front 531

With a larger BM, is the groove pattern on max teeth more mesial or distal?

Back 531

more distal

Front 532

With a larger BM, is the groove pattern on mand teeth more mesial or distal?

Back 532

more mesial

Front 533

What are the 3 supporting ligaments of the TMJ?

Back 533

1. collateral ligaments (lateral and medial)
2. capsular ligament
3. temporomandibular ligament

Front 534

What are the 2 accessory ligaments of the TMJ?

Back 534

1. sphenomandibular
2. stylomandibular

Front 535

Where do the lateral and medial collateral ligaments of the TMJ attach?

Back 535

from lateral and medial borders of disc to poles of condyle

Front 536

What are the 2 purposes of the lateral and medial collateral ligaments of the TMJ?

Back 536

1. divide joint into sup and inf cavities
2. allows disc to move with condyles

Front 537

Do the lateral and medial collateral ligaments have innervation?

vascular supply?

Back 537

yes, yes

Front 538

Where does the capsular ligament attach?

Back 538

from temporal bone and articular eminence to condyle

Front 539

What is the purpose of the capsular ligament?

Back 539

resist medial, lateral, and inferior forces that try to separate articular surfaces (helps retain synovial fluid)

Front 540

What are the 2 parts to the temporomandibular ligament of the TMJ?

Back 540

1. outer oblique portion (OOP)
2. inner horizontal portion (IHP)

Front 541

Is the capsular ligament innervated?

If so, with what type of sensation?

Back 541

yes, proprioception

Front 542

Where does the OOP of temporomandibular ligament attach?

Back 542

from articular tubercle and zygomatic process to back of condylar neck

Front 543

Where does the IHP of temporomandibular ligament attach?

Back 543

from articular tubercle and zygomatic process to lateral pole of condyle AND POST. PART OF DISC

Front 544

What is the main function of the temporomandibular ligament?

Back 544

to protect retrodiscal tissues

Front 545

What does the OOP primarily do?

Back 545

limits opening by preventing drooping of condyle

Front 546

What does the IHP primarily do? (2)

Back 546

protects lat. pterygoid from overlengthening and limits post. movement of condyle and disc

Front 547

What does the stylomandibular ligament primarily do?

Back 547

limits excessive protrusion

Front 548

What is used for single crowns?

Back 548

MICP

Front 549

What is used for small bridges or simple cases?

Back 549

MICP

Front 550

What is the most common treatment position at about 90%?

Back 550

MICP

Front 551

What is used for complete dentures?

Back 551

CR

Front 552

What is used for some removable partial dentures?

Back 552

CR

Front 553

What is used for complex fixed prosthodontics?

Back 553

CR