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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is occlusion?
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The manner in which the mandibular teeth contact the maxillary teeth
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What is mastication?
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The process of biting or chewing of food.
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What is Comminution?
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The crushing of food particles into small pieces.
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What is a heterodont?
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A dentition in which there are different types of teeth to perform different functions in the mastication process (i.e. the human dentition)
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What is a homodont?
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A dentition in which all of the teeth are the same in form and type (i.e. some lower vertebrates like alligators)
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What is a monophyodont?
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One set of teeth during life, i.e. rats, seals, walruses
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What is a diphyodont?
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Two separate sets of teeth or dentitions...like humans
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What is a polyphyodont?
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More than two (or continuous) sets of teeth are developed throughout life, i.e. shark
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What is the deciduous dentition? What is another name for it?
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The first dentition of man. AKA Primary dentition
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How many deciduous teeth are there? How long until they are all erupted normally?
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20; 24-26 months
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When are deciduous roots normally completed?
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normally one year after tooth erupts.
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When are permanent roots normally completed?
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Normally 2-3 years after tooth eruption.
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What are the three dentition periods and what teeth are present during those periods?
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1. Primary dentition period: baby teeth only
2. Mixed dentition period: baby and permanent teeth present 3. Permanent dentition period: permanent teeth only. |
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What age are people normally in the primary dentition stage? Mixed? Permanent?
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6 months-6 years;
6 years-12 years; 12 years-life |
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What is the first permanent tooth to normally erupt?
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First mandibular molar
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What is the last deciduous tooth to exfoliate?
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Normally the maxillary canine or second molar
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What is resorption?
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The natural process by which the deciduous roots are "melted away" to allow for exfoliation of shedding.
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What is the term for permanent teeth that replaced exfoliated deciduous teeth?
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Succedaneous teeth
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Which permanent teeth are considered succedaneous? Which are not?
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Are: Permanent incisors, canines, and premolars
Not: Permanent molars |
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What is the first succedaneous tooth to erupt?
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Mandibular central incisor
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What is the dental formula for the permanent dentition? deciduous dentition?
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1. I2/2 C1/1 P2/2 M3/3 X 2 = 32
2. I2/2 C1/1 M2/2 X 2 = 20 |
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What age do deciduous mandibular central incisors erupt?
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6 months
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What age do deciduous mandibular lateral incisors erupt?
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7 months
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What age do deciduous maxillary central incisors erupt?
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7.5 months
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What age do deciduous maxillary lateral incisors erupt?
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9 months
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What age do deciduous mandibular 1st molars erupt?
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12 months
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What age do deciduous maxillary 1st molars erupt?
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14 months
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What age do deciduous mandibular canines erupt?
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16 months
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What age do deciduous maxillary canines erupt?
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19 months
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What age do deciduous mandibular 2nd molars erupt?
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20 months
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What age do deciduous maxillary 2nd molars erupt?
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24 months
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In general, MANDIBULAR deciduous teeth normally erupt in what general order? What is the exception?
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From front of the mouth toward the back.
Exception: canines in each quadrant normally erupt AFTER the first molars. |
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What age do deciduous maxillary 2nd molars erupt?
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24 months
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In general, MANDIBULAR deciduous teeth normally erupt in what general order? What is the exception?
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From front of the mouth toward the back.
Exception: canines in each quadrant normally erupt AFTER the first molars. |
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 6-7 years?
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1st molars (4), mandibular central incisors (2)
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 7-8 years?
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Mandibular lateral incisors (2)
Maxillary central incisors (2) |
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 8-9 years?
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Maxillary lateral incisors (2)
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 9-10 years?
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Mandibular canines (2)
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 10-11 years?
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1st premolars (4)
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 11-12 years?
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2nd premolars (4)
Maxillary canines (2) |
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 11-13 years?
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Mandibular 2nd molars (2)
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What permanent teeth erupt between the ages of 12-13 years?
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Maxillary 2nd molars (2)
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What permanent teeth normally erupt between the ages of 17-21 years?
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3rd molars (4)
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What does proximal mean?
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The combined term for mesial and distal surfaces. (sides closest to neighboring tooth)
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What's the diff. bw incisal, incisal ridge, and incisal edge?
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Incisal: biting edge of anterior tooth
Incisal ridge: term for incisal surface of newly erupted tooth Incisal edge: term for incisal surface after wear has occurred. |
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Incisal vs. occlusal?
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Incisal is biting surface for anterior, occlusal is chewing surface for posterior
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Define "line angle." How many line angles per tooth?
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The angle formed by the junction of two crown surfaces;
8 |
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Name the 8 line angles for an anterior tooth.
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1. Mesiolabial line angle
2. Distolabial line angle 3. Mesiolingual line angle 4. Distolingual line angle 5. Labio-incisal line angle 6. Linguo-incisal line angle 7. Mesio-incisal line angle 8. Disto-incisal line angle |
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Name the 8 line angles for a posterior tooth.
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1. Mesiobuccal line angle
2. Distobuccal line angle 3. Mesiolingual line angle 4. Distolingual line angle 5. Bucco-occlusal line angle 6. Linguo-occlusal line angle 7. Disto-occlusal line angle 8. Mesio-occlusal line angle |
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Define a point angle. How many does an individual tooth have?
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The angle formed by the junction of three crown surfaces;
4 |
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Name the four point angles of an anterior tooth.
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1. Mesiolabio-incisal point angle
2. Mesiolinguo-incisal point angle 3. Distolabio-incisal point angle 4. Distolinguo-incisal point angle |
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Name the four point angles of a posterior tooth.
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1. Mesiobucco-occlusal point angle
2. Mesiolinguo-occlusal point angle 3. Distobucco-occlusal point angle 4. Distolinguo-occlusal point angle |
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Define enamel.
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The hard, mineralized tissue covering the anatomical crown of a tooth. It's the hardest living body tissue.
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Define dentin.
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The hard tissue which forms the main body of the tooth. It surrounds the pulp and is covered by enamel.
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Can enamel repair itself? Dentin?
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it can remineralize...but chunks can't grow back. Dentin can.
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Define cementum.
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The layer of hard, bonelike tissue which covers the anatomical root of a tooth. Hard but thin and brittle.
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Define pulp.
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The living soft tissue which occupies the pulp cavity. Contains the nutrient supply in form of blood vessels as well as nerve supply.
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What lines the walls of the pulp cavity and what do they do?
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Odontoblasts;
Make dentin |
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Define pulp cavity.
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The entire internal cavity of a tooth which contains the pulp.
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Define pulp chamber.
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The enlarged portion of the pulp cavity, which is found mostly in the anatomic crown of the tooth.
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Define pulp horns.
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The usually pointed incisal or occlusal elongations of the pulp chamber.
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What is the difference between clinical crown and anatomical crown?
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Clinical crown is just crown visible to the eye. Anatomical crown may be bigger because gums cover base.
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What is another name for root canal?
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pulp canal
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The number of pulp horns correspond to the # of ____ in anterior teeth, and the # of ____ in posterior teeth.
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lobes; cusps
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Anterior teeth have how many lobes? Posterior teeth?
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4..3 labial and 1 lingual;
premolars: 4, 3 buccal 1 lingual molars:4, 2 buccal 2 lingual exception: man 1st molars have 5..3 buccal 2 lingual |
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Define alveolar process.
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The entire bony entity which surrounds and supports all the teeth in each jaw member.
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Define alveolus.
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The bony socket or portion of the alveolar process, into which an individual tooth is set.
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Define periodontal ligament. What is another name?
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The fibrous attachment of the tooth cementum to the alveolar bone. AKA PDL
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Define gingiva.
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The fibrous tissue enclosed by mucous membrane that covers the alveolar processes and surrounds the necks of the teeth.
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What is the cervical line? What's another name for it?
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The identifiable line around the external surface of a tooth where the enamel and cementum meet.
AKA cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) |
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How many ridges per cusp?
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4
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Define triangular ridge.
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linear ridges which descend from the cusps of posterior teeth towards the central area of the occlusal surface.
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What is the inclined plane? How many inclined planes does each cusp normally have?
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The sloping area found between two cusp ridges;
4 |
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Name the four inclined planes.
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1. Distobuccal plane
2. Distolingual plane 3. Mesiobuccal plane 4. Mesiolingual plane |
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What is an oblique ridge?
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A special transverse ride which crosses occlusal surface of max molars from distobuccal to mesiolingual cusps.
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What is a transverse ridge?
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The combination of two triangular ridges, which transversely cross the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth to merge with each other.
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What is the cingulum?
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A large rounded elevation on the lingual surface of all permanent and deciduous anterior teeth.
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What teeth have mamelons?
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Newly erupted incisors
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Define fossa.
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An irregular, usually rounded depression or concavity on the crown of a tooth. Plural : fossae
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Define pit.
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A small, depressed area where developmental grooves join or terminate.
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How many contact areas do teeth normally have? What are the exceptions?
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2 (mesial contact area and distal);
Distal most tooth doesn't have a distal contact area. |
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What separates lobes?
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Developmental grooves
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