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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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#1 The quality of the x-ray beam refers to the energy or penetrating power of the x-ray beam #2 The quality of the x-ray beam is controlled by the kVp |
Both statements are true |
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The shades of gray on an x-ray image is called a. Opacity b. Density c. Contrast d. Sharpness |
C. Contrast |
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___ refers to the number of x-rays produced and is controlled by the ___ a. Quality: kvp b. Quantity: kvp c. Quality: mA d. Quantity: mA |
D. Quantity: mA |
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To keep the film density constant: if mA is increased, then the exposure time is decreased; if mA is decreased, then exposure time is increased
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True |
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What is the main function of changing the mA on the dental x-ray control panel? a. Wavelengths b. Speed of electron travel c. Penetrating ability of the x-ray beam d. Quantity of x-rays e. All of the above |
d. Quantity of x-rays |
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When density of the tissues is being considered, a very low density area will a. Stop x-ray completely, appear white b. Partially block x-ray, appear gray c. Allow x-rays to pass, appear black |
C |
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When increasing the kVp on the control panel, which of the following is likely to occur? a. Low contrast image b. Radiograph with high density c. Film that is better for caries detection d. A and B only e. All of the above |
d. A and B only |
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The measurement of force used to provide the penetrating ability of the x-ray is the a. Amperage b. Voltage c. Velocity d. Frequency |
b. Voltage |
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A higher kilovoltage produces x-rays with a. Greater energy levels b. Shorter wavelengths c. More penetrating ability d. All of the above |
d. All of the above |
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Magnification can be caused which of the following factors a. Long PID b. Short object-film distance c. Short target-film distance d. All of the above |
C. Short target-film distance |
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Which of the following are true concerning contrast? a. Shortscale (high contrast) results from low kvp b. Long-scale (low contrast) can be described as having low contrast c. Long scale contrast exhibits many shades of gray d. All of the above |
D. All of the above |
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The penumbra or fuzziness is used to distinguish which geometric characteristic? a. Distortion b. Magnification c. Sharpness d. All of the above |
c. Sharpness |
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All of the following are true concerning the focal spot size EXCEPT: a. Found on the tungsten target of the anode b. It is set by the manufacturer c. The larger the focal spot, the sharper the image |
c. The larger the focal spot, the sharper the image |
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The target to surface distance a. Is the same thing as object-film distance b. Is determined by length of the PID c. Determines the amount of distortion you get d. All of the above |
b. Determined by length of PID |
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X-ray beam should be directed perpendicular to the tooth and film |
True |
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The tooth structure that appears the most radiolucent on the radiograph is the a. Enamel b. Dentin c. Cementum d. Pulp |
d. Pulp |
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When radiographs are mounted labially, what accurately describes the labial mount method? |
The embossed dot is up/convex, and the viewers orientation is facing the patient |
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A high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray tube is called a. Radiography b. Wavelength c. Radiograph d. X-radiation |
d. X-radiation |
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The overall blackness of an image is termed a. Contrast b. Density c. Overexposure d. Polychromatic |
B. Density |
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A decreased focal spot size = increased sharpness |
True |
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Radiograph with high contrast is produced with a. High kilovoltage b. Low kilovoltage c. High mA d. Low mA |
b. Low kilovoltage |
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The overall portion of a processed radiograph that appears light or white is termed a. Radiolucent b. Radiopaque c. Dense d. High density |
b. Radiopaque |
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A dental patient has thick soft tissues and dense bones. To compensate for this... a. Increase exposure time b. Increase mA c. Increase operating kVp d. Any of the above |
d. Any of the above |
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Inverse square law: the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of radiation. Which statement is true? |
PID length is changed from 8 inches to 16 inches, the result of the x-ray beam is 1/4 as intense |
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The distances to consider when exposing dental radiographs are a. Target to surface b. Target to object c. Target receptor distance d. All of the above |
d. All of the above |
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The length of the PID device is changed from 16 in. to 8 in. The intensity of the beam will be a. 4x as intense b. 2x as intense c. 1/2 as intense d. 1/4 as intense |
a. 4x as intense |
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The raised bump on the x-ray film is used to determine right and left sides of the mouth |
True |
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Although all members of the dental team may view films, it is the responsibility of the dental hygienist to establish a final diagnosis |
False |
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What are the 2 methods of mounting? a. Anterior and posterior b. Posterior and lingual c. Labial and lingual d. None |
c. Labial and lingual |
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Anterior PA images can be distinguished from posterior images because of a. Identification dot b. Orientation of x-ray film placement c. Size of x-ray film d. Number of films used |
b. Orientation of x-ray film placement |
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The kind of ionizing radiation that occurs in the dental tube is called __ and the kind that leaves the tube and penetrates pt is called __ a. Particulate; electromagnetic b. Electromagnetic; particulate c. Particulate; particulate d. Electromagnetic; electromagnetic |
A. Particulate; electromagnetic |
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All of the following are component parts of the dental x-ray tubehead EXCEPT a. Insulating oil b. Transformers c. PID d. kVp and mA selectors (control panel) |
D. kVp and mA selectors |
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The process of converting incoming current that flows in two opposite directions or __ to __ which flows in one direction is called ___ a. AC; DC; Rectification b. DC; AC; Rectification c. AC; DC; Transformation d. DC; AC; Transformation |
A. AC; DC; Rectification |
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Which of the following is true concerning the high-voltage circuit? a. Uses 65,000-100,000 volts to operate b. Requires the use of step-up transformer c. Provides high voltage required to accelerate electrons across the x-ray tube d. All of the above |
d. All of the above |
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When an electron hits the nucleus of a tungsten atom or when an electron passes very close to the nucleus, this radiation occurs a. General radiation b. Bremsstrahlung radiation c. Braking radiation d. All of the above |
d. All of the above |
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The following are true about wavelength except: a. Distance between one crest of a wave and next b. Determines energy and penetrating power c. Longer the wavelength, higher energy and power |
C |
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#1 Primary radiation is x-ray beam produced at the tungsten target that exits tubehead #2 Secondary radiation is produced when primary beam interacts w/matter and scatter radiation occurs |
Both statements are true |
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Which of the following is true about the transformers in the dental x-ray tube? A. There are 3 different kinds of transformers b. Step down lowers voltage to 3-5 volts c. Step up raises voltage to 65-100k volts d. All of the above |
d. All of the above |
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The particulate electromagnetic radiation wave concept is a. Its wavelength b. Its frequency c. Its velocity d. All of the above |
d. All of the above |
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Weightless bundles of energy with no electrical charge, that are implicated in x-radiation a. Protons b. Neutrons c. Photons d. Beta particles |
c. Photons |
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What is the main function of changing the mA on a dental x-ray machine? a. Wavelengths b. Speed of electron travel c. Penetrating ability of the x-ray beam d. Quantity of x-rays |
d. Quantity of x-rays |
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The tungsten target in the anode of the dental x-ray tube is radioactive. |
False |
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Which of the following BEST describes the anode? a. Negatively charged component b. Composed of the focusing cup and filament c. Contains tungsten target d. Source of electrons |
C. Contains tungsten target |
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What percentage of kinetic energy inside x-ray tube is actually converted to X-radiation?
a. 1% b. 10% c. 50% d. 99% e. 100% |
a. 1%
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What is the purpose of the copper stem in the dental x-ray tube? a. Focus electrons into a narrow beam b. Dissipate heat from the tungsten target c. Provide electron source for x-ray production |
b. Dissipate heat from tungsten target |
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Which interaction of x-radiation with matter results in the x-ray giving up ALL of its energy upon collision with a tightly bound inner shell electron? a. Coherent scatter b. Compton scatter c. Photoelectric effect |
C. Photoelectric effect
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X-rays are generated when fast-moving electrons collide with matter |
True |
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Which of the following is a tiny hole located on the internal surface of the mandible near the apices of the incisors? a. Mental foramen b. Lingual foramen c. Mandibular foramen d. Genial tubercles |
b. Lingual foramen |
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The anterior nasal spine produces which shape radiographically? a. J b. U c. V d. Inverted Y |
c. V |
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Which structure of the mandible may actually be apparent on a maxillary PA? a. Condyle b. Coronoid Process c. Internal oblique ridge d. Hamulus |
b. Coronoid process |
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Which structure is NOT found on the internal surface of the mandible? a. Lingula b. Mylohyoid ridge c. Genial tubercles d. Mental ridge |
d. Mental ridge |
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The J or U shaped radiopaque structure that appears superior to the maxillary first molar region is the a. Mx tuberosity b. Coronoid process of the mandible c. Zygomatic process of maxilla d. Maxillary sinus |
c. Zygomatic process |
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The spaces between the lamina dura and root that appears as a thin radiolucent line is a. Septum b. PDL c. Dentoenamel junction d. Alveolar crest |
b. PDL |
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A small ovoid/round, radiolucent area in the anterior of the hard palate, directly posterior to the central incisors is most likely the a. Nasal Cavity b. Incisive foramen c. Giant cell tumor d. Greater palatine foramen |
b. Incisive foramen |
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A small ovoid/round, radiolucent area by the apices of the MD premolars is a. Mandibular foramen b. Lingual foramen c. Nutrient canal d. Mental foramen |
d. Mental foramen |
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The inverted Y is formed by the intersection of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and? a. Maxillary sinus b. Nasal septum c. Zygoma d. Zygomatic process of the maxilla |
a. Maxillary sinus |
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If both the internal and external oblique ridges are visible on a radiograph, the superior line is a. Internal Oblique Ridge b. External Oblique Ridge c. Localization technique must be used d. Both B and C |
b. External oblique ridge |
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Which of the following structures can be seen on a pano but NOT on an intraoral? a. Mental foramen b. Mx tuberosity c. Lamina dura d. Lingula |
d. Lingula |
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If a patient has a mandibular tori, the bitewing should be placed a. On the tori b. Between tori and tooth c. Between tori and tongue d. Wherever it will fit |
c. Between tori and tongue |
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Which of the following is NOT radiolucent? a. External auditory meatus b. Pterygomaxillary fissure c. Tongue d. Palatoglossal air space |
c. Tongue |
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On a pano, where do the soft palate and uvula usually appear? a. Superimposed over median palatine suture b. Slightly inferior to radiopaque hard palate c. On both sides of the film over the Mx tuberosity region |
c. |
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What can an interaction of an x-ray have with matter? a. Coherent scatter b. Compton scatter c. No interaction d. Absorption or photoelectric effect e. All of the above |
e All of the above |
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What is the correct sequence of x-ray production in the dental x-ray tube? |
Filament circuit is activated, exposure button is activated, electrons strike the tungsten target |
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The primary reasons for taking BWX is to a. Examine interproximal surfaces for caries b. Examine crestal bone c. Examine PA lesions d. A and B only |
d. A and B only |
